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OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 

OF  CALIFORNIA 

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LIBRARY   OF  CONGRESS 


THE  KOHL  COLLECTION 

(NOW  IN  THE  LIBRARY  OF  CONGRESS)  ^  ^     * 

OF 

MAPS  RELATINC?  TO  AMERICA 


BY 


JUSTIN  WINSOR 


A  Reprint  of  Bibliographical  Contribution  Number  19  of  the 
Librory  of  Harvord  University 


With  Index  by 

PHILIP  LEE  PHILLIPS 

Chief,  EH  vision  of  Maps  and  Charts 


WASHINGTON 

GOVERNMENT    PRINTING   OFFICE 

1904 


UCLA  MAP  LIBRARY 
RECEIVED  i8SEP;974 


FILE  LETTER  AND  NUMBER 


J  Map 

o  Library 


PREFATORY  NOTE 

On  July  17,  1903,  the  Kohl  collection  of  maps  relating  to 
America  was  transferred  from  the  Bureau  of  Rolls  and 
Library,  Department  of  State,  to  the  Division  of  Maps  and 
Charts,  Library  of  Congress. 

"Bibliographical  Contribution"  No.  19,  of  the  library 
of  Harvard  Universit}-,  compiled  bj-  Justin  Winsor  in  1886, 
fully  describes  the  collection  and  gives  references  to  maps 
not  mentioned  by  Kohl.  It  has  been  found  so  valual^le 
that,  with  the  permission  of  the  HarA^ard  university  librarj-, 
it  is  here  reprinted  without  change.  I  have,  however,  en- 
deavored to  increase  its  usefulness  as  a  catalogue  and  as  a 
general  reference  work  by  adding  an  author  list  of  the  maps 
and  a  dictionary  index  of  all  subjects  and  authors  mentioned. 

The  publication  as  if  stSnds  is  divided  into  17  subdivisions: 

1.  The  world  before  Columbus. 

2.  The  two  Americas. 

3.  North  America. 

4.  Northern  parts  of  North  America. 

5.  Canada. 

6.  East  coast  of  North  America. 

7.  The  Mississippi  Valley. 

8.  The  Gulf  of   Mexico  and  \Ve.st   India  Islands, 

with  adjacent  lands. 

9.  The  Pacific  coast  of  North  America. 

10.  The  northern  Pacific  Ocean  and  its  coasts. 

1 1 .  The    North    Atlantic    Ocean    and    neighboring 

waters. 

12.  South  America. 

13.  Northern  parts  of  South  America. 

14.  vSouthern  parts  of  South  America. 

15.  Brazil  and  the  Amazon. 

16.  La  Plata. 

17.  Peru  and  Chili. 

(3) 


1978930 


4  KoJil  Collectio7i  ''- 

The  collection  contains  three  engraved  maps.  Number 
149  is  extracted  from  the  Journal  of  the  Royal  Geographical 
Societ}',  vol.  22,  p.  73;  number  201  is  an  engraved  facsimile 
of  the  "  West-Indische  Paskaert,  beschreven  door  A. 
lacobsz,"  Amsterdam,  1621;  and  number  312  is  extracted 
from  a  copy  of  H.  J.  Holmberg's  "  Ethnographische  Skizzen 
iiber  die  VolkerdesRussischen  America,"  Helsingfors,  1855. 
The  text  of  this  work,  without  the  map,  appeared  also  in 
' '  Finska  vetenskaps  societeten  .  .  .  Helsingfors.  Acta 
Societatis  scieutiarum  fennicae.  '  Helsingforsise,  1856,"  v.  4, 
pp.  281-422. 

The  following  works  in  the  Library  of  Congress  relating 
to  Kohl's  cartographical  endeavors  are  additional  to  those 
mentioned  b}^  Doctor  Winsor:  '' 

ExTRAiT  d'une  lettre  de  M.  Kohl  a  M.  Jomard.  "Washington,  6  sep- 
tembre,  1856. 

[In  Socidt^  de  geographic.  Bulletin,  1856-57.  8°.  Paris,  A. 
Bertrand,  1856-57;  4"  s^rie;  v.  12,  pp.  304-307;  v.  13,  p.  495]. 

Note. — Relates  to  his  work,  "Hydrographical  annals  of  the 
United  States,"  and  also  his  collection  of  American  maps. 

Notes  de  M.  Kohl  sur  ses  travaux  relatifs  a  I'histoire  de  TAm^rique. 
[In  Society  de  g^ographie.    Bulletin,  1854.     8°.     Paris,  A.  Ber- 
trand, 1854;  4"  s^rie;  v.  7,  pp.  436-444  and  386.     Note]. 
CONTENTS. 

1.  Sur  la  carte  gen^rale  de  I'histoire  de  la  d^couverte  du  Nou- 
veau-Monde. 

2.  Sur  la  collection  des  cartes  consult^es  pour  composer  la  carte 
des  decouvertes  de  I'Amdrique. 

3.  Sur  I'essai  d'une  histoire  des  decouvertes  de  I'Amerique. 
EiNE  welt  karte  mit  der  jahreszahl  1489.     [i.  e.  Insularum  illustratum 

Henrici  Martelli  Germani  .  .  .]  Vorwort  zu  herrn  de  Kohl's  ent- 
deckung  einer  weltkarte  vom  jahre  1489  im  britischen  Museum 
und  iiber  seine  historisch-geographische  kartensammlung  zur 
entdeckungs-geschichte  Amerika's  in  Washington.  [Signed,  C. 
Ritter]. 

[/«  Gesellschaft  fiir  erdkunde  zu  Berlin.     Zeitschrift.     Neue 
folge.     1856.     8°.     Berlin,  D.  Reimer,   1856.     v.   i.  pp.  444-454. 
I  fold,  map  bet.  pp.  472-473] . 
Schumacher  (H.  A.)     Kohls  Amerikanische  studien. 

[In  Deutsche  geographische  blatter.  Herausgegeben  von  der 
Geographischen  gesellschaft  in  Bremen.  8°.  Bremen,  G.  A.  v. 
Halem,  1888.     v.  11.  pp.  105-221.     i  portrait]. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  e 

WOLKENHAUER  (W.)     Dr.  Johann  Georg  Kohl. 

[/«  Deutsche  rundschau  fiir  geographie  und  statistik.  Februar, 
1879.  8°.  Wien,  A.  Hartleben,  1880.  v.  i.  pp.  271-272.  incl. 
portrait] . 

J.   G.  KoHi/s   sammlung  von   karten   zur  altesten   geographie  von 
Amerika  im  Department  of  State  zu  Washington,      [anon.] 

[/«  Das  Ausland.     14  Juli,  1884.     fol.  Miinchen,  1884.     v.  57. 
no.  28,  pp.  557-558]. 

Note. — A  review  of  Justin  Winsor's  bulletin. 

P.  Lee  Phillips 
Chief,  Division  of  Maps  and  CJiarts 
Herbert  Putnam 

Librarian  of  Congress 

WasJiington,  D.  C,  October,  1^04 


Author    List  With   Anonymous   Maps   Under 
Subjects 


• 


The  numbers  refer  to  the  numerical  arrangement  of  titles 
Agnese,  1536 52,  fi-],  318 

1543 56 

Alaska,  1758 294 

Alcala-Galiano.     See  Espinosa  y  Tello. 

Alexander,  1832 388 

Allard,  1660 369 

Alzate  y  Ramirez,  1767 270 

Atnazon  river,  1595  ? 374 

1751 441 

1S25 445 

America,  1534 47 

1600  ? 87 

Amich,  1769 442 

Anghieri,  1534 250 

Anson,  1743 291 

Anville,  1729 381,  382 

1730 383 

■ 1733 453,  454 

Apianus,  155 1 62 

Arrowsmith,  1836 416 

Atlantic  ocean,  1503 loi 

Ayllon,  155-? 182 

Back,  1833 144 

1836-37 147 

Back's  river,  1833-34 145,  146 

Baffin,  1615 121 

Baleato,   1 796 472 

Barentsz,  1595 348 

1600 117 

Bellin,  1763 134 

Bellot,  1851-52 150 

Benincasa,  1463 245 

Bering,  1728 333 

Best,  1578 ro8 

Bianco,  1436 18,  19 

Bicker,  1598 450 

Blackfoot  indian 243 

Blaeu,  1630-35 452 

Blome,   1671    268 

Bollero,  1554 64 

(7) 


8  ■  Kohl  Collectio7t 

Bonn^camp,  1749 240 

Bordone,  1528 249,  372 

. 1534 48,  103,  341 

Brenttiio,  175 1  ? 385 

Briggs,  1625 100 

Bry,  1592 363,  364 

^  1600 117 

1613 352 

1619 376 

Buache,  1 750 334 

1775 339 

Buchan,  1818 354 

Buenos  Ayres,  1700  ? 411 

Byron,  1775 415 

California,  1740 290 

1743 291 

1792 307,  309 

Camers,  1520 36 

Canada,  155-? 157,  158 

1640  ? 172 

1730 129 

Cano  y  Olmadilla.     See  Cruz  Cano  y  Olmadilla. 

Carballo,  1814 444 

Cardial,  1748 414 

Carolina,  1720? 219 

Carver,  1767 241 

Castillo,  1541 277 

Catalan  mappemonde,  1375 16 

Cespedes,  1606 89 

Champlain,  1606 195,  196,  197 

1632 170,  171 

Champlain,  Lake,  1666 174,  175 

Chile,  1630 460 

1700  ? 464 

China,  1457 313 

1609 327 

Columbus,  1527 38 

Condamine,  1744.     See  L,a  Condamine. 

Consag,  1746 292 

Coppo,  1528 40 

Coronelli,  168-? ' .  . .  288 

1688 233 

1689 235 

1695 434 

Cortes,  1524 248 

Cosa,  1500 26,  27,  246,  422 

Cosmas,  A.  D.  550 3 

Courcelles,  1666 174 


Maps  Relating  to  America  9 

Coxe,  1741 239 

1761 335 

Cranz,  1765 136 

Cruz  Cano  y  Olmadilla,  1775 386,  415 

Dauphin  map.     See  Henry  11  map. 

Dee,  15S0 96,  109 

Delisle,  1703 436,  437,  465 

1719 238 

1750 : 334 

Desceliers,  1548 156 

Doetechum,  1585  ? 362 

Dolfinatto,  1560 68 

Drage,  1746 131 

Du  Creux,  1660 173 

Dudley,  1630 267,  285,  286,  407 

Dun,  1774 135 

Du  Val,  1677 178 

Elisa,  1791 303 

Ellis,  1747 132 

1748  133 

Engel,  1775 339 

Escalante.     See  Velez  de  Escalante. 

Espinosa  y  Tello,  1802 300,  302,  304,  308,  311 

Europe,  1450 340 

Falkland  islands.  East,  1833 421 

Per,  1698 237 

"  Figurative  map,"  1616 199 

Finsus,  1531 46 

Folger,  1787 225 

Forlani,  1560 69 

1564 258,  259 

157-? 360 

f574 325>  361 

Fox,  1633 125 

Francisco,  1787 301 

Frankfort  globe,  1520 34 

Franklin,  1787 • 225 

Franquelin,  1682  ? 229 

1688 232 

Freire,  1546 152,  153,  278,  279,  344,  394,  425 

I55« 321 

Frezier ,   1714 412 

1 717 413 

Friess,  1525 93,  102,  371,  423 

Fritz,  1 7o(j  ? 435 

I7"7 438 

Frohisher,  1578 78 


lo  KoJil  Collection 

Galindo,  1S33 273 

■  1S36 274 

Gama,  1497 25 

Garcia  de  Toreno,  1527 38 

Gastaldi,  1560 69 

Gilbert,  1576 74 

Goos,  1 669 1 26 

Greenland,  159-? 1 15 

1608 118 

Gudmundi,  1570 347 

Guniilla,  1741 384 

Gutierrez,  1562 ? 184,  359 

Hack,  1684 213 

Hakluyt,  1589 80,  81 

Harmon,  1820 141 

Hemisphere,  Southern,  1833 420 

Hennepin,  1682 '. 230 

1683 , 231 

1698 236 

Henry  II  map,  1548 343 

Herrera,  1601 88,  265,  266,  459 

Hilhouse,  1830 387 

1834 389 

Holmberg,  1854 ,  .  312 

Homann,  172-? 331 

Homem,  1530    45 

154-? :• 60 

1558 67,  161,  162,  257,  322,  428,  429,  430 

Hondius,  1589 82 

1600 398,  451 

1610? 368 

1628 91 

Hoorn,  1619 403 

Hudson,  1608 118 

1612 119,  120 

Hulsius,  1599 432 

1602 401 

Hygden,  1350 13,  14 

Iceland,  159-? 115 

Inglefield,  1852 151 

Ingraham,  1791 305 

1792 306,  310 

Isbister,  1840 148 

Jacobsz,  1621 201 

Jaillot,  1685 ■. 127 

James,  1631 124 

Jansson,  1631 461 

1638 207 


Maps  Relating  to  America  ii 

Janssoii,  1666 408 

Japan,  1457 313 

1609 327 

1636 328 

Jeflferys,  1753 293 

1775     338 

Jesuit  Relations,  1664-65 175 

1670 176 

Jesuits,  1630 460 

1630-35 452 

1713 467-  468 

Joliet,  1675 177 

^Juan  da  Napoli,  14 — ? 17 

Juan  de  Fuca  straits,  1791 303 

Juda;is,  1593 98,  2S2,  365 

Kasvini,  or  Kasuini,  1283 11 

Kenned}-,  1851-52 150 

Keulen,  1694 380 

King,  1830 419 

Kino,  1 701 289 

Krenitzin,  1769 337 

La  Condamine,  1744 439 

Laet,  1625   203 

1630 92,  169,  204 

La  Hontan,  1689 234 

Lange,  1721 332 

La  Peyrere,  1619  .  .  ., 122 

Laurie,  1799 140 

La  Varenne  de  La  Verendrye,  1730  ? 128 

1740 130 

Lawson ,  1 709  217 

Leardo,  1448 20 

Lenioyne,  1565 185 

lycscarbot,  1609 165 

1 6 1 8 200 

I/evashefT,  1 769 337 

Lindstroni,  1654 , 208 

Linschoteu,  1595 349 

1599 366 

Lok,  1582 97 

Lopez,  1795 27ra 

Lugtenberg,  1 706 330 

Mackenzie,  1789 138 

"793 138 

Magellan  strait,  1587 396 

Magnus,   1567 345 

Marniore  river,   1767  ? 469 

MarfjUette,  1673 227,  228 


12  Kohl  Collection 

Martines,  155-? 63 

1568 323 

1578 75,1(^,77,  186,  187,  188,  260,  280 

Martyr.     Sct^  Anghieri. 

Maryland,  1635 206 

Mascaro,  1782 297,  29S,  299 

Mason,  1626 168 

Masters,  1844 275 

Mather,  1696 214 

Mathew  of  Paris.     See  Paris,  Matthew,  13th  century. 

Mauro,  1460 21 

Medina,  1549 59 

Mercator,  1558 105 

160-? 116 

1600 398 

1610  ? 368 

Mexico,  Gulf  of,  1520 247 

1536 251 

1555  ? 255 

Miller,  1835 473 

1836 474 

Mississippi  river,  155-? 182 

Missouri  river,  1801 243 

Molineaux,  1592 1 11,  112 

1598 86 

Molineaux's  globe,  1592 193,  281,  326 

Morelli,  1775 295 

Moxos  country,  1781 470 

Muenster,  1545 58 

Myritius,  1587 79 

Nancy  globe,  1550 61 

Napoli.     See  Juan  da  Napoli. 

Narborough,  1670 409,  410 

Navarrete,  1520 247 

Newfoundland,  1556  ? 160 

New  Netherlands,  1616 199 

New  York  province,  1700 215,  216 

Nodal,  162 1 404,  405 

Noort,  1600 399 

,  1602 400 

North  America,  155-? 183 

Northeast  coast,  1575  ? 107 

1587 no 

Nuremberg  chronicle 24 

Ochagach,  1730 129 

Ocopa  missions,  1783 471 

Oliva,  1613 90,  166 

Ontario,  Lake,  1666 174,  175 


Maps  Relating  to  America  13 

Orinoco  river,  1595  ? 374 

1596  375 

Ortelius,  1570 72,  324 

Ovalle,  1646 462 

Oviedo,  1534 250 

Pacific  ocean,  1513 3^5 

1518  ? 316 

Paris,  Matthew,  13th  century 10 

Parry,  1823 ^42 

Pastoret,  1587 no 

Peru,  1532  ? 456,  457 

1712 466 

Phipps,  1773 353 

Pigaf  etta,  1521 393 

Pizigani  brothers,  1367 15 

Plancius,  1594 84 

Pond,  17S5 137 

Popple,  1733 221,  222,  223,  224 

Porcacchi,  1575 95 

Porro,  1597 85 

Ptolemy,  1490 3^4 

1508 28 

1511   29,30 

1513 32 

1522 37 

1535 50 

1540 342 

1541  53.  54 

1545 57 

1562 106,  163 

1574 163 

1598 1 14 

Purchas,  1625 100,  123,  167 

Quadus,  1600 99 

Raffeix,  1683  ? 1 79 

1688 180 

Raleigh,  1595  ? 374 

Ramusio,  1556 66,  159,  159a,  256,  427 

Rea,  1851 149 

Reisch,  1515  33 

Ribero,  1529 41,  42 

Rio  de  la  Plata,  1598 450 

Rio  Negro,  1782 416 

Robert  de  Vaugondy,  1775 339 

Rogers,  1700  ? 463,  464 

1712 466 

Rotz,  1542 55,  104,  181,  252,  319,  373,  424 


14  KoJiI  Collection 

Royal  geographical  society.    Jourtial 144, 

145,  147,  14S,  149,  150,  151,  273,  416,  420,  421,  473,  474 

Ruscelli,  1561 431 

Ruysch,  1508 28 

St.  Petersburg.     Academy 294 

Sanson,  1656 210,  226,  287,  378,  433 

Sanuto,  1321 12 

Sarniieiito,  1579-S0 395 

Scliedel,  1493 24 

Schoener's  globe,  1520 35 

Schomburgk,  1836 390,  391,  392 

1852 272 

1853   276 

Schoolcraft,  1854 244 

Schouten,  1619.     See  Hoorn. 

Scoresby,  1824   143 

Seller,  171-? 218 

Senex,  1700? 463 

1 7 1 2 269 

Serra,  1777 296 

Sharpe,  1680-81 370 

Simon,  1580 192 

Sind,  1 768 336 

Smith,  1614 198 

Sobreviela,  1790 443 

Soligo,  1489 22 

Soliniis,  1520 36 

J543 320 

Soria,  1826 455 

Soulard,  1795 242 

South  America,  1540  ? 355 

155-? •:*.... 358 

1550  ? '. ' 356,  357 

1600? ; 367 

1 630 460 

1775 415 

South  Carolina,  1730 220 

Southey ,  1 749 440 

Spilbergen,  1615 402 

Staehlin,  1768 336 

Stephanius,  1570 346 

Stobnicza,  15 12 31 

Strachey,  1622 202 

Superior,  Lake,  1670 176 

Sutil  y  Mexicana 300,  302,  304,  308,  311 

Sylvanus,  15 11 29,  30 

Thelot,  1 669 379 

Thevet,  1575 , 73 


Maps  Relating  to  America  15 

Thorlaksson,  1606 351 

Thome,  1527 39 

Torfieus,  1570 346,  347 

1606 351 

Torlacciis.     See  Thorlaksson. 

Torre,  1751  ? 385 

Tracy,  1666 1 74 

Turner,  1790 139 

Vallard,  1547 154,  155,  253,  254,  426,  447,  448 

Vanderdonck,  1656 209 

Vau.tjondy.     See  Robert  de  Vaugondy. 

Veer,  1597 350 

Velez  de  Escalante,  1 778 271 

Veranderie.     Sec  La  Varenne  de  La  Verendrye. 

Viednia,  1 783 417 

Viscaino,  1602 283,  284 

Visscher,  162-? 377 

Walbeck,  1624 406 

Wallace,  1852 446 

Weddell,  1824 418 

Weert,  1599 397 

White.     See  With. 

Whittle,  1799 140 

Wilson,  1682  .  .  . 211,  212 

With,  1590 1S9,  190,  191 

Wood,  1634 205 

World,  Egyptian i 

8th  century 4 

Hindu 1,2 

A.  I).  787 5 

nth  century T 6 

• I'j63 7 

1 2th  century 8,9 

1450 340 

1490 23 

1530 43,  44 

1534 ■ 49 

1536  ? 51 

1540  ? 71 

;  '540  ? 355 

Wytfliet,  1597 113,  164,  194,  261,  262,  263.  264,  449,  458 

Vdres,  I7(j<j ^^29 

Vik-tung-che 313 

Zaltieri,  1566 94 


The  Kohl  Collection  of  Early  Maps 

BELONGING     TO     THE    DEPARTMENT    OE    STATE,  WASHING- 
TON, U.S.A. 

By  Justin  Winsor,  Librarian  of  the  I'niz'ci'sity. 

This  collection  consists  of  well-executed  hand-copies,  with  but 
occasional  attempts  at  reproduction  by  fac -simile.  The  maps  are 
contained  in  a  series  of  portfolios,  and  each  is  mounted  on  a  large 
sheet  of  card-board,  with  marginal  tablets  or  other  appendage  of  de- 
scription. Little  use  of  color  is  made  in  them.  The  names,  legends, 
drawings,  and  devices  are  usually  in  black  ink;  the  coast  shadings 
and  larger  rivers  in  a  blue  wash.     The  maps  vary  in  size. 

Dr.  John  G.  Kohl,  a  learned  German,  and  a  traveller  of  large  expe- 
rience, was  born  in  Bremen,  April  28,  1808,  but  spent  many  years  in 
Dresden.  He  had  from  his  early  years  pursued  the  study  of  historical 
geography.  He  came  to  this  country  in  1854,  bringing  copies  which 
he  had  made  of  many  maps  relating  to  the  progress  of  discovery  in 
America, — some  of  them  from  old  geographical  and  other  printed 
treatises,  and  some  from  manuscripts  of  various  kinds  which  he  had 
found  in  European  archives  and  libraries,  public  and  private.  Using 
an  appropriation  from  the  government,  obtained  in  1S56  (j':6,ooo),  he 
prepared  this  series  of  copies,  as  the  foundation  of  an  elaborate  cata- 
logue of  the  early  maps  of  the  American  continent. 

He  al.so,  using  for  illustration  some  of  the  same  maps,  prepared  for 
the  Coast  Survey  memoirs  of  the  early  cartograph}-  (eastern  and  west- 
ern coasts  of  the  present  United  States  and  of  the  Gulf  of  Mexico), 
which  are  described  in  the  Reports  of  the  Sur\'ey  for  1855  and  1856. 
As  the  results  of  this  study.  Dr.  Kohl  later  printed  in  the  Zeitschrift 
filr  Allgeni.  Erdkunde  (neue  folge,  xv),  two  papers  on  the  "Alteste 
Geschichte  der  Entdeckung  und  Erforsehung  des  Golfs  von  Mexico 
und  der  ihn  umgebenden  Kiisten  durcli  die  Spanier  von  1492  bis 
1543,"  and  he  confessedly  published  this  essay  as  a  part  of  his  greater 
work  made  for  the  United  vStates  Coast  vSurvey.  He  likewise  pre- 
pared, what  is  in  good  part  an  excerpt  from  this  larger  collection,  a 
memoir  on  the  early  cartography  of  the  northwest  coast  of  North 
America.  This  manuscript  was  later  in  the  possession  of  Professor 
Henry  of  the  Smithsonian  Institution,  and  was  given  by  him  to  the 
American  Antiquarian  Society,  in  whose  library  at  Worcester  it  now 
is.  Cf.  the  Proceedings  of  that  .society,  Oct.  1S67;  Apr.  1869,  and 
Apr.  1872. 

(■7) 
1 1 606 — 04 2 


1 8  KoJil  Collection 

Dr.  Kohl  failed  to  get  from  the  government  all  the  sanction 
-which  he  wanted  for  the  publication  of  his  results,  and  so  returned  to 
Europe  about  185S,  leaving  these  collections  behind  him.  At  home 
he  became  the  librarian  of  the  city  library  of  Bremen,  and  prepared 
and  published  various  studies  in  his  special  department;  the  chief  of 
■which  were,  first,  a  treatise  (1861)  on  the  earliest  official  maps  of 
America, — Die  beiden  aUcstc7t  General -karten  von  Ainerika, — which 
was  accompanied  by  fac-similes  on  a  large  scale,  excellently  done,  of 
the  well-known  maps  of  1527  and  1529;  and,  second,  a  treatise  on  the 
early  discover}-  and  cartography  of  the  region  known  as  the  Gulf  of 
INIaine, — with  references,  however,  to  some  adjacent  and  even  somewhat 
remote  parts, — which  he  undertook  at  the  invitation  of  the  Historical 
Society  of  Maine.  This  book,  which  forms  the  first  volume  of  the 
Documentary  History  of  that  State,  published  by  that  society,  is  called 
-i  History  of  ttie  Discovery  of  Maine,  and  was  published,  partly  at 
the  cost  of  the  State,  in  1869.  It  remains  the  most  important  single 
contribution  to  the  history  of  the  discovery  and  cartography  of  our 
Eastern  coast.  It  was  illustrated  with  numerous  sketch  maps,  mostly, 
if  not  entirely,  excerpts  from  this  collection,  which  were  used  by  him 
under  the  advantage  of  greater  knowledge  and  experience  than  he 
possessed  when  he  formed  the  Washington  collection.  He  also 
printed  in  1861,  at  Bremen,  a  Geschichte  der  Entdeckzmg  Anieritzas, 
which  was  translated  by  R.  R.  Noel,  and  published  in  London  in 
1862,  in  two  voliunes,  as  a  Popular  History  of  the  Discovejy  of  Amer- 
ica from  Columbus  to  Franklin.  A  treatise  on  the  history  of  the 
Gulf  Stream  was  another  fruit  of  these  later  labors. 

Dr.  Kohl  has  amply  set  forth  his  methods  and  purposes  in  his 
favorite  study  in  his  introduction  to  his  Discovery  of  Maine,  and  he 
has  explained  the  importance  of  old  maps  in  historical  study  in  a 
lecture  On  the  Plan  of  a  Cartographical  Depot  for  the  History  and 
Geography  of  the  Americaji  Continent,  which  he  delivered  at  the 
Smithsonian  Institution,  and  which  is  printed  in  its  Annual  Report 
for  1856,  pp.  93-147.  Another  useful  little  treatise  was  also  printed 
by  him  in  Washington  in  1857,  entitled:  A  Descriptive  Catalogue  of 
those  maps,  charts,  and  stci'veys,  relating  to  America,  which  are  men- 
tioned in  Vol.  HI.  of  Hakluyt' s  Great  Work.  In  this  publication  he 
speaks  of  having  studied  American  maps  "a  little  better  than  those 
of  the  other  parts  of  the  world,"  and  calls  his  tract  a  part  of  A  Gen- 
eral Catalogue  of  all  the  maps  relating  to  America, — which  seems  to 
have  been  the  title  intended  for  the  work,  which  he  hoped  finally  to 
publish  under  the  patronage  of  the  government.  He  also  printed  at 
this  time  in  The  National  Intelligencer  an  interesting  paper  on  ' '  I/OSt 
maps." 

Dr.  Kohl  died  at  Bremen,  Oct.  28,  1878;  and  Mr.  Charles  Deane, 
who  had  known  Kohl  well  during  his  sojourn  in  Cambridge,  where 
he  had  done  much  of  his  work  on  American  maps,  using  in 
part  the  extensive  collection  of  printed  maps  in  the  college  library, — 
commemorated  him  in  the  following  December  in  a  notice  before  the 


Maps  Relating  to  America  19 

Massachusetts  Historical  Society,  which  is  printed  m  their  Pro- 
cecdino-s,  vol.  xvi.  p.  381.  Kohl's  reputation  as  a  student  and 
expounder  of  comparative  cartography  was  very  high.  Mr.  Major, 
the  eminent  head  of  the  map  department  in  the  British  ZMuseum, 
referring  to  Dr.  Kohl's  Discovery  of  Maine,  spoke  of  it  as  "a  most 
admirable  work;  and  I  am  proud  to  think  (he  adds)  that  it  was  at  my 
suggestion  that  the  proposal  was  made  to  my  learned  friend  to  under- 
take so  responsible  and  learned  a  task."  Mr.  Deane  properly  says  of 
him:  "After  the  death  of  Humboldt,  he  was  unquestionably  the  most 
distinguished  geographer  in  Europe."  Mr.  James  Carson  Brevoort, 
whose  own  knowledge  of  early  American  maps  is  so  critical,  accords 
him  the  highest  place  among  his  contemporaries;  and  Mr.  Henry  C. 
Murphy,  by  whose  recent  death  scholarship  in  this  field  has  lost  a 
devotee  of  superior  attainments,  also  bears  testimony  to  the  rich 
quality  of  his  work. 

After  his  return  to  Europe  Dr.  Kohl  also  published  at  Berlin  in 
in  1877  a  Geschichtc  der  Entdeckungsrciseii  und  SchijffaJirten  zur 
j][agellan' s-strasse  und  zu  den  ihr  bcnachbarten  Ldtidern  und  JMeeren, 
mil  acht  Karten,  which  had  previously  appeared  in  vol.  xl.  of  the 
Zeitschrift  der  Gesellschafl  fi'ir  Erdkunde  in  Berlin.  This  also  he 
considered  a  fragment  of  a  greater  work,  which  he  proposed  to  call 
''Geschichte  der  Entdcckiing  nnd  Geographic  der  Xeuen  Welty  He 
had  prepared  a  history  of  the  search  for  the  northwest  passage  from 
Cortes  to  Franklin  and  McClure,  which  failing  health  prevented  his 
putting  to  press.  Some  fragments  of  it  were  printed  however  in  the 
periodical  Aiisland,  published  at  Augsburg.  A  portrait  of  him,  fol- 
lowing a  photograph,  is  engraved  in  the  Narrative  and  Critical  His- 
tory of  America ,  vol.  iii.  p.  209;  and  a  memoir  is  printed  in  tlie 
Beilage  zur  Allgetfteinen  Zeitung,  Augsburg,  July  9,  1S79. 

This  valuable  collection  had  for  twenty-five  years  remained  prac- 
tically unused  in  the  custody  of  the  Department  of  vState  at  Washing- 
ton. At  the  outbreak  of  the  civil  war  it  was  temporarily  in  charge  of 
the  War  Department,  placed  in  an  apartment  occupied  by  troops,  and 
barely  escaped  destruction.  vScholars  have  occasionally  referred  to  it, 
but  they  chiefly  brought  away  from  it  a  sen.se  of  its  importance  and 
of  the  want  of  a  key  to  it.  Being  in  connnunication  with  the  librarian 
of  that  dei)artment,  Thkodokk  V.  DwiGHT,  Esq.,  the  preparation  of 
an  ainiotated  calendar  for  the  use  of  scholars  was  suggested;  and  on 
his  representation  of  the  subject  to  the  Department  ])ennission  was 
promptly  obtained  to  have  the  maps  sent  to  the  College  library  at 
Cambridge  to  facilitate  the  preparation  of  such  a  Calendar.  Dr. 
Kohl  had  arranged  the  maps  on  a  system,  from  which  it  dt)es  not 
.seem  neces.sary  to  depart.  vSince  he  was  engaged  upon  this  collection 
a  great  advance  has  been  made  in  the  study  of  early  American  cartog- 
raphy. His  comments,  therefore,  are  not  as  useful  now  as  formerly; 
and  though  constant  use  has  been  made  of  them,  the  editor  has  been 
obliged  to  exerci.se  large  discrimination,  as  well  as  to  rectify  Kolil's 
English,  whenever  it   is  (juoted.     ]Many  important  and  useful  maps 


20  Kohl  Collection 

have  been  brought  to  light  or  made  public,  which  were  not  known  to 
Dr.  Kohl.  In  order  to  mak^  the  enumeration  as  useful  as  possible 
as  a  check-list  for  the  student,  notices  of  many  of  these  additional 
maps  have  been  inserted  in  their  proper  chronological  order;  but  only 
such  as  Dr.  Kohl  contributes  have  had  a  marginal  serial  number 
given  to  them. 

I. 
THE  WORLD  BEFORE  COLUMBUS. 

1.  A  symbolic  representation  of  the  earth,  heaven,  and  sun, 

from  an  Egyptian  papyrus. 

Dr.  Kohl  credits  this  to  a  hieroglyphic  papyrus  in  the  Cabinet 
des  Medailles  of  the  Bibliotheque  Nationale  in  Paris,  and  to  a  repro- 
duction given  by  Charton  in  his  Voyageurs  anciens  et  modernes. 

At  the  bottom  of  the  picture,  as  a  representation  of  the  earth,  is  an 
outstretched  human  figure,  its  body  spotted  with  leaves.  Heaven  is 
in  form  of  another  figure,  bent  like  an  arch  over  the  earth,  with  marks 
of  stars  covering  its  body.  Among  other  symbols,  the  goddess  Maou 
kneels  beneath  the  arch,  with  weights  on  her  arms,  indicating  the 
force  of  equilibrium.  Outside  the  arch,  on  the  left  and  on  the  right, 
two  boats  are  represented  as  carrying  the  rising  and  setting  sun. 

2.  Hindu  representation  of  the  world. 

Taken  from  engravings  which  appeared  in  \.\i&  Journal  oi  the  Asiatic 
Societ}-,  and  in  Charton's  Voyagejirs  anciens  et  modernes. 

It  represents  an  expanded  lotus-flower  floating  on  the  sea.  A  sur- 
rounding chain  of  mountains  (not  shown  in  the  drawing)  separates 
this  from  the  great  vacuum.  The  center  of  the  flower  forms  Mount 
Meru,  the  residence  of  the  gods,  and  from  this  mountain  rivers  flow  in 
all  directions.  The  leaves  represent  the  great  peninsular  regions  of 
Asia. 

3.  A.  I).  550.     The  universe  after  Cosmas. 

Taken  from  a  print  in  Charton's  Voyageurs  anciens  et  modernes. 

A  case,  in  shape  like  the  tabernacle  of  Moses,  gives  in  the  upper 
portion  the  abode  of  the  Creator.  The  earth  is  in  the  form  of  a  high 
mountain,  round  which  the  sun  revolves,  and  its  base  is  washed  by  the 
ocean,  arms  of  which  like  the  Persian  Gulf  (Persicus),  the  Arabian 
Gulf  (Arabicus),  and  the  Mediterranean  Sea  (probably  intended  by 
Sinus  Romanus)  indent  the  foot  of  the  mountain.  The  Caspian  Sea 
(Caspius)  is  represented  on  the  side  of  the  mountain. 

Cosmas  was  a  geographer  of  the  sixth  century.  Cf.  Humboldt, 
Examen  critique;  Santarem's  Atlas,  pi.  3;  C.  P.  Daly,  Address  on 
the  Hist,  of  Cartography,  p.  19. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  21 

4.  VIII.  cent.     The  world. 

A  map,  found  by  Libri  in  the  library  of  Alby,  belonging  to  a  manu- 
script of  the  eighth  century,  and  believed  by  Libri  to  be  the  most 
ancient  cartographical  monument  known  to  us.  Santarem  in  his  His- 
toire  de  la  Cartographies  etc. ,  11,  23  [Atlas,  pi.  2 ),  has  analyzed  the  map, 
but  Kohl,  who  does  not  say  from  what  his  own  copy  was  made,  points 
out  that  Santarem's  description  does  not  wholly  agree  with  it. 

The  earth  is  a  hiige  island  of  a  horse-shoe  shape,  of  wide  arms  but 
of  narrower  apex,  lying  upon  an  ocean, — a  gulf  of  which,  representing 
the  Mediterranean  Sea,  fills  the  .space  between  the  arms  of  the  .shoe. 

Kohl  points  out  that  this  geographer  of  Charlemagne's  day  did  not 
know  so  much  of  the  earth  as  was  known  in  the  time  of  Alexander  the 
Great.  Lelewel,  vol.  i,  gives  it,  and  calls  it  of  the  eighth  century. 
Jomard,  Atlas  (pi.  xiii),  gives  a  map  resembling  it,  which  he  calls 
of  the  tenth  century. 

5.  A.  D.  7S7.     Spanish  map  of  the  world. 

Kohl  says  this  drawing  is  based  on  a  tracing,  made  by  him  from  a 
copy,  belonging  to  Santarem,  of  an  original,  which  is  a  part  of  the 
Spani.sh  manuscript  commentary  on  the  Apocalj'pse  by  an  unknown 
writer,  of  about  787.  Kohl  does  not  say  where  the  original  is;  but 
Santarem  has  included  it  in  his  Atlas,  pi.  12. 

The  earth  is  a  parallelogram  with  rounded  corners,  surrounded  by 
the  ocean,  amis  of  which  cut  it  like  straight  canals. 

—  IX.  cent. 

Santarem  in  his  Atlas  (pi.  3  and  10)  gives  two  mappemondes  of 
the  ninth  century;  and  L,elewel  Atlas  (pi.  vii)  gi-<-es  one  from  a  ]\IS. 
then  preserved  at  Stra.sbourg,  which  had  been  previously  published  by 
Mone  in  the  Anzeiger ficr  Kunde  der  teutsctien  Vorzeit,  1S36. 

—  X.  cent. 

Examples  of  this  century,  representing  an  Anglo-Saxon  map  and  an 
Arabian  map  may  be  found  in  Vivien  de  St.  Martin's  Atlas  Dresse 
pour  V Hist,  de  la  Geog.,  Paris,  1874.  The  .same  are  also  given  on  a 
small  .scale  in  Dah''s  Address  on  tlie  History  of  Early  Cartograpliy,  pp. 
20,  22.  The  Anglo-Saxon  map  is  in  the  British  Museum,  and  was 
first  published  by  Strutt  in  his  Ctironicle  of  England,  vol.  11,  and  was 
again  published  in  the  Magazin  pittoresque,  1840,  p.  267,  by  Santarem 
in  1842,  and  in  Lelewel's  Atlas  pi.  vii.  Santarem  in  his  Atlas  (pi.  3, 
4,  6  and  7)  also  gives  four  specimens  belonging  to  the  tenth  century. 

6.  XI.  cent.     The  world. 

After  an  engraved  fac-simile  in  Naumann's  Catalogns  libroruDi  inan- 
iiscriptorum,  qui  in  bihliotlieca  scnatoria  civitatis  Lipsiensis  asservau- 
tiir  (Grima.',  1838).  which  in  turn  follows  an  original  in  a  manuscrij)! 
of  the  eleventli  century,  written  in  the  convent  of  St.  John  in  Magde- 


22  KoJil  Collection 

burg,  and  containing  beside  the  maps,  parts  of  Horace,  Lucan  and 
Sallnst.     Cf.  Santarem,  Hist,  dc  la  Cartograp/iie,  ii,  93. 

The  earth  is  circular,  surrounded  by  the  ocean  and  bisected  by  a 
canal-like  water,  above  which  is  Asia,  and  below  which,  another  canal 
at  right  angles  to  the  first  subdivides  the  lower  half,  with  Europe  on 
the  left  and  Africa  on  the  right. 

There  is  a  small  sketch  of  it  in  the  Atlas  of  St.  Martin  (pi.  vi,  no. 
5).  vSantarem  in  his  Atlas  (pi.  8)  also  reproduces  it;  and  Joniard, 
Atlas  (pi.  XIII ),  gives  it,  but  calls  it  of  the  tenth  century.  I^elewel, 
Atlas  (pi.  IX ),  gives  it  as  of  the  eleventh  century. 

—  XI.  cent. 

Santarem,  Atlas,  pi.  4,  6,  and  9,  gives  other  maps  of  this  century, 
the  original  of  one  being  in  the  British  Museum,  and  another  is  rep- 
resented as  "tire  de  la  Cosmographie  d'Azaph." 

The  mappemonde  de  St.  Sever  found  in  a  Spanish  treatise  by  Beatus 
on  the  Apocalypse,  preserved  at  Paris,  is  given  in  facsimile  in  the 
Choix  de  Documents geographiques  consetves  h  la  Bibliotlieque  Natio- 
jiale,  Paris,  1883.  It  is  placed  in  the  xi.*  century,  and  accounts  of 
it  are  found  in  Davezac's  Une  digression  gcograpliique,  Paris,  1870, 
taken  from  Lc  Biblioptiile  illustre;  and  in  E.  Cortambert's  Trots 
des  plus  anciens  inonunients  geograp/iiques  dii  vioyen  age,  Paris, 
1877,  taken  from  the  Bull,  de  la  soc.  de  giograp/tic. 

Lelewel,  Atlas  (pi.  11),  gives  a  map  of  the  Egyptian  Abul  Hassan 
ali  Ibn  Tunis  (A.  D.  1008),  reconstructed;  and,  on  the  same  plate,  a 
map  representing  the  hal)itable  globe  of  this  period;  also  (pi.  V)  a 
reconstruction  of  a  map  by  Abu  Rihan  (A.  D.  1030);  and  (pi.  vil)  a 
part  of  a  map  after  a  manuscript  at  St.  Omer,  which  had  been  pre- 
viously published  by  Mone  in  the  Afizeiger fi'ir  Kunde  der  teutschen 
Vorzeit,  1836. 

7.   A.  D.  1063.     The  world. 

The  original  of  this  is  in  a  manuscript  Victorii  Canon  Paschalis, 
preserved  in  the  Sir  Thomas  Phillipps'  collection  in  England. 

Kohl,  referring  to  the  delineation  of  a  similar  map,  found  at  Dijon, 
given  by  Santarem,  says  that  its  configuration  is  an  ordinary  one  in 
the  eleventh  century.  In  it  we  begin  first  to  derive  an  intelligible 
idea  of  the  views  and  aims  of  the  early  Portuguese  navigators,  whose 
explorations  down  the  African  coast  harbingered  the  spirit  which  led 
Columbus  to  undertake  his  western  voyage. 

The  earth  is  circular,  surrounded  by  the  ocean.  A  central  belt  con- 
stitutes the  burnt  zone.  A  southern  belt  is  thought  to  be  an  inhabited 
region,  by  analogy,  because  the  northern  belt  holds  that  portion  of 
the  world  known  to  geographers.  This  northern  belt  gives  in  a  rude 
way  Europe  and  Asia,  with  northern  Africa,  as  far  south  as  the  upper 
edge  of  the  burnt  zone,  the  island  "Meroe"  of  the  Nile  lying  at  this 
point.     On  the  burnt  zone  is  the  following  inscription : — 

' '  Zona  terrae  f usta  quam  undige  sursum  et  de  orsum  circum  fluti 


Maps  Relating  to  America  23 

oceanus,  qui  a  suis  duabus  extretnitatibus  oriente  scilicet  et  occidente 
in  septemtrionem  et  austruni  refunditur,  qua  refusione  reumata  id  est 
ebuUitiones  maris  fieri  videntur." 

8.  XII.  cent.     The  world. 

The  original  is  attached  to  a  commentary  on  the  Apocalypse  pre- 
served in  the  Royal  library  at  Turin.  It  has  been  engraved  in  Pasini's 
catalogue  of  that  library;  and  again  in  Santarem's  Atlas.  Kohl  con- 
siders that  though  the  Turin  copy  may  be  of  the  twelfth  century,  it  is 
probably  a  copy  of  a  much  older  original,  and  points  out  its  resem- 
blance to  the  vSpanish  map  numbered  5  (above),  though  the  present 
map  is  circular  instead  of  squarish.  It  is  figured  by  Daly  and  others 
as  of  the  eighth  century.  Jomard,  Atlas  (pi.  xiii),  gives  it,  and 
assigns  it  to  the  tenth  century.  I/clewel,  Atlas  (pi.  ix),  calls  it  of 
the  twelfth  century. 

9.  XII.  cent.     The  world. 

The  original  is  in  the  British  Museum,  and  belongs  to  a  manuscript 
concerning  the  Apocalypse  of  St.  John,  among  the  Harleian  INISvS.  no. 
2799.  The  Museum  authorities  put  it  down  under  this  century;  and 
Kohl  agrees  with  them. 

The  earth  is  circular  surrounded  by  water;  the  ^Mediterranean, 
Black,  and  Red  seas  are  united  in  a  T  shaped  canal,  with  the  upright 
part  connecting  with  the  external  ocean  at  the  west. 

—  XII.  cent. 

vSantarem  in  his  Alias  (pi.  4,  5,  7,  10,  13,  15,  and  30)  gives  other 
maps  of  this  century,  one  of  which  is  called  "dressee  par  Henri, 
chanoine  de  Mayence";  another,  "tir^e  d'un  MS.  Liber  Cuido?iis'\- 
a  third  from  a  manuscript  of  Lambertus  in  the  library  at  Gand;  and 
also  a  planisphere  belonging  to  a  MS.  of  the  Imago  JMtmdi.  The  last 
two  are  also  in  the  Atlas  (pi.  viii;  also  xxv)  of  Lelewel,  who  in  his 
Epilogue  to  his  Geog.  du  Moyen  Age  gives  several  eleventh  and 
twelfth  century  "rudimenta  latina  geographorum  " ;  and  again  in  his 
Atlas  (pi.  viii)  gives  one  from  a  manuscript  of  A.  D.  11 19  of  the  bib- 
liotheque  de  Bourgogne  at  Brussels. 

—  A.  I).  1 160. 

There  are  sketches  of  Edrisi's  map  of  the  world  in  St.  Martin's 
Atlas  (pi.  VI,  no.  10),  and  in  Daly's  address,  where  it  is  dated  1154. 
Lelewel  (vol.  i,  and  Atlas,  pi.  x,  xi,  and  xii)  gives  it,  and  dates  it 
1 154;  and  lie  also  gives  a  "  tabula  rotunda  Rogeriana  restaurata." 

It  is  circular,  with  a  surrounding  ocean,  of  which  the  INIediterra- 
nean  and  Indian  seas  are  arms,  running  to  the  centre  from  the  west 
and  ea.st,  respectively.  The  lakes  which  feed  the  Nile  are  prototy])es 
of  the  great  Albert  and  Victoria  lakes  of  our  day.  The  map  was  made 
by  an  Arabian  geographer,  Edrisi,  by  direction  of  King  Roger  of 
Sicily,  and  engraved  on  a  round  plate  of  silver,  from  which  what  are 
supposed  to  be  copies  exi.st  in  the  national  library  at  Paris  and  in  the 
Bodleian  at  Oxford.  The  latter  copy  is  the  most  perfect  and  has  been 
published  by  Vincent. 


24  Kohl  Collection 

10.  XIII  cent.     The  world  by  Mathew  of  Paris. 

The  original  V^eloiigs  to  an  undated  manuscript,  Flores  historiarunt, 
preserved  among  the  Cottonian  MSS.  in  the  British  Museum,  and 
Kohl  says  it  resembles  another  map  of  the  same  supposable  age  in  the 
same  collection,  which  I  judge  to  be  one  of  those  figured  in  Santarem's 
Atlas  (pi.  14).  It  is  also  in  Lelewel.  The  inap  gives  only  the  habit- 
able part  of  the  earth,  mainly  the  basin  of  the  Mediterranean  Sea  and 
its  tributaries,  but  its  features  would  not  be  recognized  except  for  the 
names.     It  has  the  following  inscription: — 

"  Sumatim  facta  est  dispositio  mappa  mundi  magistri  Rob'  de  mel- 
keleya  et  mappamundi  de  Waltham.  Mappamundi  domini  regis  quod 
est  in  camera  sua  apud  westmonasterium  figuratur  in  ordine  Mathei 
de  Parisio.  Verissimum  autem  figuratur  in  eodem  ordine,  quod  est 
quasi  clamis  extensa,  talis  est  suma  nostre  partis  habitabilis  secundum 
philosophos  sed  quarta  pars  terre  que  est  triangularis  fere.  Corpus 
enim  terre  sphericum  est." 

Santarem  has  given  this  map  in  his  Atlas,  pi.  14;  and  also  others  of 
the  thirteenth  century  (pi.  4,  6,  7,  21),  including  a  planisphere  of 
Cecco  d'  Ascoli,  another  of  Irish  origin,  and  a  mappamonde  preser\-ed 
in  the  library  at  Leipsic.  Jomard  in  his  Atlas  (pi.  xiii)  gives  one 
preserved  in  the  British  Museum,  and  another  called  the  Playfair  map. 

The  well-known  map  of  the  world  in  the  Hereford  cathedral,  an 
oval  with  Jerusalem  in  the  centre,  is  also  assigned  to  the  thirteenth 
century.     It  is  given  in  Jomard's  Atlas  (pi.  xiv). 

11.  A.  D.  1283.     The  -world  by  the  Arabian  Kasvini. 

The  original  is  in  the  collection  of  the  duke  of  Gotha. 

A  circle  of  high  mountains  encloses  a  circular  ocean,  within  which 
as  a  circular  island  is  the  earth.  The  Arabian  peninsula  is  in  the  cen- 
tre, with  the  Red  Sea  like  a  sickle  about  it,  the  Persian  Gulf  forming 
with  the  China  seas  a  parallelogram  of  water  connecting  with  the 
external  ocean.     The  Arabian  names  are  translated  into  German. 

A  facsimile  of  an  Arabian  sea-chart  of  the  thirteenth  century,  pre- 
served in  the  Ambrosian  library  at  Milan,  was  issued  by  Ongania  at 
Venice  in  1881. 

—  XIV.  cent. 

Various  other  sea-charts,  portolanos,  and  planispheres  of  the  four- 
teenth century  have  been  brought  before  the  public  of  late  years. 
Sea-charts  of  Pietro  Visconte  di  Geneva,  of  1311  and  1318,  preserved 
respectively  in  the  archives  of  Florence,  and  in  the  Museo  civico  of 
Venice  were  published  in  fac-simile  in  1881  and  1875  by  Ongania  of 
Venice.  That  of  1318  is  given  also  by  Santarem,  Atlas,  pi.  33. 
Ongania  also  issued  in  1881  an  anonymous  portolano  of  1351,  pre- 
served in  the  Biblioteca  Mediceo-Laurenziana  at  Florence  (L/clewel 
also  gives  this);  a  planisphere  of  Giovanni  da  Carignano,  from  the 
archives  of  Florence;  and  an  anonymous  portolano  from  the  Biblioteca 
Marciana.  Jomard,  in  his  Atlas  {-pi.  xi),  gives  a  "Carte  Marine"  of 
the  fourteenth  century,  the  property  .of  a  Pisan  family.     A  facsimile 


Maps  Relating  to  America  25 

is  included  in  Choix  de  docuineiits  gcogyaphiques  conserves  a  la 
Bibhotheqiic  Xatioiiale,  Paris,  18S3.  Joniard  also  gives  (pi.  xiii )  a 
map  of  near  the  end  of  the  century.  A  map  from  the  Chronicle  of  St. 
Denis  (1364-1372)  in  the  Ste.  Genevieve  library  at  Paris,  is  given  in 
Santarem  (pi.  16  and  17),  Jomard  (pi.  xiii),  and  Lelewel  (pi.  xxvi). 

Santarem  also  includes  in  his  Atlas  (pi.  3,  4,  8,  27,  36,  39,  60)  two 
mappemondes,  a  planisphere  belonging  to  a  work  of  Guillaume  de 
Tripoli  (also  in  Lelewel,pl.  xxvi),  a  portolano  from  the  Paris  library, 
and  a  sea-chart  from  the  archives  of  Luzerne. 

Lelewel,  Atlas  (pi.  xxviii),  gives  an  "imago  mundi"  as  belonging 
to  a  manuscript  (Prisciani)  of  the  fourteenth  century,  in  the  library 
at  Arras,  which  had  been  published  in  1836  by  Mone  in  the  Anzeiger 
fur  Kii fide  dcr  teutsc/ien  l^orzeit. 

12.  A.  D.  132 1.     The  world  by  Marino  Sanuto. 

The  original  is  among  the  Tanner  ^ISS.  in  the  Bodleian  library, 
and  belongs  to  a  treatise  Secretajideliiun  criicis. 

The  map  is  circular  with  the  earth  nearly  filling  its  limits,  the  ocean 
forming  the  outer  rim.  The  ^Mediterranean  is  tolerably  drawn,  as  are 
the  British  islands  and  the  Scandinavian  peninsula. 

Other  maps  by  Sanuto  are  known,  and  they  have  a  general  likeness 
to  each  other.  One  of  1306  is  given  by  Camden, — this  has  the  Fortu- 
nate Islands,  which  are  omitted  in  the  map  of  1321.  Another  of  1320 
was  published  not  wholly  accuratel)-  by  Bongars  in  161 1  in  his  Gesta 
dei  per  Francos,  and  this  has  been  figured  by  St.  Martin  in  his  Atlas, 
pi.  VI.  no.  3.  vSantarem  [Atlas,  pi.  iS,  19,  20)  gives  one  from  the 
library  at  Paris,  another  from  the  library  at  Brussels,  and  a  third  of 
1321,  not  placed. 

Lelewel  [Atlas,  pi.  xxvii)  gives  a  Marino  map  of  1360,  as  from  a 
Paris  manuscript,  Chronicon,  which  he  says  he  perfected  by  collating 
the  Brussels  copy.  Jomard,  in  his  Atlas  (pi.  xiii),  gives  a  map  pre- 
served at  Paris,  as  of  the  fourteenth  century,  which  closely  resembles 
this  no.  12. 

13.  A.  I),  c.  1350.     The  world  by  Hygden. 

The  original  is  in  the  manuscript  Polychronicon  of  Ranulphus  Hyg- 
den,  preserved  in  the  British  Museum,  the  work  being  a  history  of  the 
world  down  to  1357. 

The  earth  is  an  oval-like  island,  with  pointed  ends,  east  and  west, — 
resting  in  an  ocean  of  corresponding  shape  with  some  islands  in  its 
we.stern  parts.  Only  two  .seas  indent  its  outline, — the  Red  Sea  and 
Persian  Gulf.     Paradise  is  the  e.vtreme  eastern  apex. 

The  map  is  examined  by  Santarem  in  his  Histoire,  in,  82. 

14.  A.  I),  c.  1350.     The  world  by  Hygden. 

The  original  is  also  in  the  manuscript  named  under  no.  13. 
Its  delineation  is  much  more  elaborate.     The  shape  is  oval,  with  the 
longest  diameter  east  and  west.     The  surrounding  ocean  is  filled  with 


26  Kolil  CoUection 

islands.  The  ^Mediterranean  and  Indian  seas  are  rudely  delineated. 
Cf.  Santareni,  Hist,  de  la  Cartographie,  iii,  p.  3. 

St.  Martin  {Atlas,  pi.  vi,  no.  4)  and  Lelewel  date  it  1360.  It  is 
also  ^included  in  Santarem's  Atlas  _(pl.  9).  It  was  figured  in  the 
3Tagasin  pittoresque  (1849),  and  from  this  Lelewel  copied  it  in  his 
Atlas  (pi.  XXV ). 

This  copy  of  Kohl's  reproduction  is  without  notes;  a  second  copy, 
14*,  has  notes,  and  is  put  "about  1360." 

15.  A.  D.  1367.     Atlantic  islands  by  the  brotliers  Pizigani. 

Dr.  Kohl  gives  only  the  coasts  of  south-west  Europe  and  north- 
western Africa,  with  the  islands,  which  he  identifies  with  the  Canaries, 
Madeira,  and  the  Azores,— considering  it  one  of  the  earliest  representa- 
tions of  these  islands.  He  says  he  got  his  copy  from  Jomard;  but 
does  not  consider  it  a  good  one. 

The  chart  has  since  been  given  in  full  by  Jomard  (pi.  x)  and  San- 
tarem  (pi.  40).  Ongania,  of  Venice,  published  in  1S81  a  fac-simile  of 
a  sea-chart  of  Francisco  Pizigani,  preserved  in  the  Ambrosian  library 
at  Milan,  which  he  dates  1373. 

16.  A.  D.  1375.     Catalan  mappemonde. 

This  is  preserved  in  the  Bibliotheque  Nationale  at  Paris;  and  it 
originally  belonged  to  the  library  of  Charles  V.  in  the  lyouvre.  It  is 
"  en  langue  romane  catalane  du  xiv®  siecle." 

It  represents  the  known  world  from  the  Canaries  to  Catayo;  but 
Dr.  Kohl  only  gives  the  Canary  Islands  and  the  adjacent  coast. 

It  is  given  in  full  with  a  Key  in  vSophus  Ruge's  Geschichte  des 
Zeitalters  der  Entdeckungen,  1881;  also  in  Manuscrits  de  la  Biblio- 
theque du  Eoi,  etc.,  Paris,  vol.  xiv.  Part  2,  p.  i;  in  Santarem's  Atlas 
(pi.  31,  40);  Lelewel's  Atlas  (pi.  xxix);  St.  Martin's  Atlas  (pi.  vii, 
no.  i);  and  full  size  in  facsimile  in  twelve  sheets  in  Choix  de  Docu- 
ments geographiques  conserz'es  a  la  Bibl.  Nat.,  Paris,  1883. 

—  XV.    CENT. 

Santarem  gives  three  niappemondes  of  this  century  without  definite 
date, — one  in  the  Musee  Borgia  (pi.  24),  one  in  the  Medici  library  at 
Florence  (pi.  26),  and  the  other  as  given  by  La  Salle.  Lelewel  (pi. 
XXXV )  gives  a  map  of  the  world  as  belonging  to  a  MS.  of  Sallust  at 
Geneva. 

Ongania,  at  Venice,  published  in  1881,  a  fac-simile  described  as  a 
"Planisfero  del  mondo  conosciuto  (in  lingua  catalana)  di  anonimo 
del  XV  secolo,"  from  an  original  preserved  in  the  Biblioteca  nazionale 
at  Florence. 

—  A.  D.  1410. 

A  planisphere  of  Pierre  d'Ailly  is  given  in  Santarem  (pi.  15)  and  in 
Lelewel  (pi.  xxviii).  It  is  described  in  Santarem's  Hist,  de  la  Carto- 
graphie, III,  301. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  27 

17.  A.  D.  14..?     Juan  da  Napoli's  Portolano. 

This  gives  only  the  Atlantic  islands  from  a  portolano,  which  Kohl 
thinks  represents  the  knowledge  of  a  time  not  long  after  1400.  It  l)e- 
longs  to  an  Atlas  made  in  Venice,  which  is  among  the  Egerton  ^ISvS. 
in  the  British  ^luseum,  whose  catalogue,  says  Kohl,  assigns  the  atlas 
to  149S.      "Ilia  da  Brazil"  is  represented  off  the  coast  of  Ireland. 

—  A.  D.  1417. 

A  map  of  the  world  belonging  to  a  manuscript  of  Pomponius  Mela 
in  the  library  at  Rheims. 

The  earth  is  within  a  circle,  with  the  ocean  surrounding  it;  and  the 
Mediterranean,  extending  into  the  land,  is  as  usual  the  prominent 
feature. 

It  is  given  by  Jomard,  Atlas  (pi.  xiii),  as  of  the  fifteenth  century; 
and  is  also  in  Santarem,  Atlas  (pi.  22);  Lelewel,  Atlas,  (pi.  xxxiii); 
St.  Martin,  Atlas  (pi.  vi,  no.  6). 

—  A.  I).  1424. 

Santarem  (pi.  41)  gives  a  "Carte  de  la  bibliotheque  de  Weimar." 

—  A.  I).  1426. 

A  portolano  of  a  Venetian  hydrographer  Giacomo  Giraldi  is  pre- 
served in  the  Biblioteca  Marciana  at  Venice.  It  was  reproduced  at 
Venice  in  iSSi  by  Ongania. 

18.  A.  D.  1436.     Th.e  Atlantic  islands  by  Andrea  Bianco. 

19.  A.  D.  1436.     The  world  by  Andrea  Bianco. 

The  original  of  no.  19  is  preserved  in  the  Biblioteca  Marciana  at 
Venice.  Kohl  implies  that  No.  18  is  not  taken  from  no.  19,  but  fol- 
lows an  independent  sea-chart  by  Bianco,  in  which  this  portion  of  the 
large  map  was  reproduced  with  the  names  "  Antillia,"  etc.  inserted, 
while  they  were  omitted  in  the  larger  map, — at  least  L/clewel  omits 
them,  whose  engraving  Kohl  follows.  There  is  a  "Carta  nautica" 
by  Bianco,  dated  1448,  preser\-ed  in  the  Biblioteca  Ambrosiana  at 
Milan,  and  of  this  a  fac-simile  was  issued  by  Ongania  at  Venice  in 
1881. 

Map  no.  19  is  given  in  full  in  Lelewel  (pi.  xxxii)  and  in  vSanta- 
rem  (pi.  23,  43);  and  other  references  are  given  in  Winsor's  Bitilioti- 
raphy  of  Ptolemy's  Geography,  sub  anno  1478. 

Blanco's  views  are  of  interest  in  early  American  cartography  from 
the  deductions  which  some  have  drawn  from  the  configuration  of  the 
islands  "Antillia"  and  "  De  la  man  Satanaxio,"— two  islands  on  its 
western  verge, — that  they  represent  Pre-Columbian  discovery  of  South 
and  North  America.  Humboldt,  Crit.  l^ntcrsuchungeu,  i,  413,  416, 
has  discus.sed  this  question,  and  pointed  out  that  an  island  "Antillia" 
had  earlier  appeared  on  a  map  of  1425,  and  Davezac  finds  much 
earlier  references  to  such  an  island.  Santarem  {Hist,  dc  la  Carto- 
graphic, etc.,  III.  366,  has  fully  described  Bianco's  work. 


28  Kohl  Collect io7i 

—  A.  I).  1439. 

Santareiu  (pi.  54)  gives  a  "Carte  de  Gabriell  de  Valsequa,  faite  a 
Mallorcha  eii  1439." 

—  A.  I).  1447. 

This  is  described  in  a  fac-simile  issued  by  Ongania  at  Venice  in 
1881,  as  a  "planisfero  terrestre  di  forma  ellitica  di  anoninio,  in  lingua 
latina,  dell'  anno  1447."  The  original  is  in  the  Biblioteca  Nazionale 
at  Florence. 

Lelewel,  in  his  Epilogue,  p.  167,  refers  to  a  Genovese  map  in  the 
Pitti  Palace,  which  gives  Greenland  as  "  Grinlandia  " ;  and  it  is  also 
referred  to  by  De  Costa  in  the  Mag.  of  Amer.  History,  Apr.  1883,  p. 
290,  who  confirms  the  date,  1447,  as  given  by  Lelewel,  though  Santa- 
rem.  Hist,  dc  la  Cartog.,  iii,  p.  xix,  put  it  1417. 

20.  A.  D.  1448.     Tlie  world  by  Giovanni  IJeardo. 

Dr.  Kohl  gives  this  map,  which  is  of  the  ordinary  circular  form, 
free  from  most  of  the  names,  which  fill  it;  but  Santarem  (pi.  25)  gives 
it  with  the  names.  The  map  is  at  Vicenza,  where  it  was  discovered 
forty  or  fifty  years  ago  by  M.  Lazari.  Cf.  Santarem,  Hist,  de  la  Car- 
tographic, etc.,  iii,  398.  A  fac-simile  of  it  was  issued  at  Venice  in 
1880  by  Ongania,  with  the  date  of  1452. 

■ —  A.  D.  c.  1450. 

A  fac-simile  of  this  map  preserved  in  the  Museo  Comunale  at  Mantua, 
issued  at  Venice  by  Ongania  in  1881,  describes  it  as  a  "Portolano 
membranaceo  di  anonimo  dell'  anno  1450  (circa)." 

—  A.  D.  1455. 

A  sea-chart  by  Bartolomeus  de  Pareto,  showing  "Antillia,"  and  an 
island  farther  west  named  "Roillo."  I  am  not  aware  that  any  copy 
of  it  has  been  published.  Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy'' s  Geog., 
sub  anno  1478. 

21.  A.  D.  1460.     The  world  by  Fra  Mauro. 

The  original  is  preserved  at  Venice,  in  the  Biblioteca  Marciana. 

It  is  circular,  and  the  delineation  of  Asia  is  better  than  on  preced- 
ing maps.  Kohl  says  that  Mauro  knew  the  works  of  the  Italian  and 
Arabian  geographers,  and  the  marine  charts  of  the  Portuguese,  which 
were  given  to  him  by  Don  Alonzo  V. 

Dr.  Kohl  speaks  of  the  most  exact  copy  made  of  it  by  order  of 
lyord  Hobart  in  1804,  and  of  the  reproduction  given  by  Vincent  in  Com- 
merce and  Navigation  of  the  Ancients,  1797  and  1807.  He  thinks 
it  was  finished  in  1460.  It  is  given  by  Santarem  (pi.  43-49)  with  the 
dates  1459  and  1460.  Delewel  (pi.  xxxiii)  places  it  1457-59.  Ruge 
in  his  Geschichte  des  Zeitalters  der  Entdeckungen,  1881,  gives  it  and 
dates  it  1459.  A  photographic  fac-simile,  issued  at  Venice  in  1877, 
by  Miinster  (Ongania),  dates  it  1457,  and  St.  Martin  (pi.  vii,  no.  3) 
follows  this  fac-simile. 


Maps  Relating  to  Aninnca  29 

—  A.  D.  1467-1471. 

Marine  charts  of  Grazioso  Benincasa,  given  in  Santarem  (pi.  55-58). 

—  A.  D.  1474. 

The  map  which  the  Italian  geographer,  Toscanelli,  sent  to  Colum- 
bus, and  which  influenced  him,  though  known  to  be  preser\-ed  in 
Madrid  in  1527,  has  not  since  been  traced.  Lelewel,  Geog.  du  Cloven 
Age,  II.  130.  An  attempted  restoration  of  it  is  given  in  St.  Martin's 
Atlas  (pi.  IX.). 

—  A.  D.  1475. 

Mappemonde  in  the  Rudinientoriini  novitioruvi,  given  by  San- 
tarem (pi.  28). 

—  A.  D.  1476. 

A  portolano  of  Andreas  Benincasa,  given  in  St.  Martin  (pi.  vii), 
and  in  Lelewel  (pi.  xxxiv.).  A  much  reduced  sketch  is  given  by 
Daly,  (p.  26). 

It  shows  "  Antilio"  as  a  western  island,  and  the  "Isola  de  Bra^ill," 
west  of  Ireland. 

—  A.  D.  1482. 

The  mappemonde,  in  the  edition  of  Ptolemy  published  at  Ulm,  rep- 
resents "  Engroneland  "  as  stretching  from  northwestern  Europe,  and 
it  is  said  the  map  was  made  before  147 1. 

—  A.  D.  i486. 

What  is  known  as  the  Laon  globe,  though  dated  1493,  represents 
rather  the  knowledge  of  this  time.  It  gives  "  Grolandia  "  as  an  island 
of  the  Norway  coast,  and  has  an  island,  "  Antela."  Davezac  gives  a 
projection  of  it  in  the  Bulletin  de  la  Societe  de  Geographic  (i860), 
XX.  417.  Cf.  also  Davezac  on  the  "lies  fantastiques  "  of  the  middle 
ages  in  the  Nouvelles  Annates  des  Voyages,  1845. 

22.  A.  D.  1489.     The  Atlantic  Islands  by  Christofalo  Soligo. 

The  original  is  preserved  among  the  Egerton  MSS.  in  the  British 
Museum,  in  a  portolano  of  different  Venetian  map-makers.  There  is 
no  date,  but  1489  is  given  in  the  Catalogue  of  the  Museum  as  the  ap- 
proximate date  of  the  collection. 

Kohl  thinks  the  chart  based  on  that  of  Benincasa  (1463),  which 
he  says  is  in  his  collection,  but  no  copy  of  it  is  found  here.  "  Antil- 
lia"  is  called  "Y.  de  Sete  Zitade,"  and  is  put  west  of  the  Azores, 
and  this  group  as  well  as  others  includes  various  fabulous  islands. 

23.  A.  D.  1490.     Portugxiese  map  of  the  world. 

The  original  is  annexed  to  a  Latin  theological  treatise  (MS.)  in  the 
Briti.sh  Museum,  and  because  it  marks  the  extent  of  the  Portuguese 
exploration    of   the  African    coast    in  1489,  and  does  not  show  the 


30  KoJil  Collection 

results  of  Vasco  da  Gaina's  voyage,  Kohl  places  it  about  1490.  He  says 
the  language  of  the  map  is  partly  Portuguese  and  in  part  Italian,  and 
his  ■conclusion  is  that  it  is  the  work  of  an  Italian  settled  in  Lisbon. 
The  western  shore  of  Africa  is  given  with  approximate  correctness, — 
much  better  than  in  any  earlier  map.  A  long  peninsula  at  the  north- 
west of  Europe,  though  without  jiame,  seems  to  correspond  to  what  is 
called  in  other  maps  Greenland. 

I  suppose  it  to  be  the  map  given  ' '  for  the  first  time ' '  in  Santarem 
(pl.  50). 
—  A.  D.  1492. 

The  Globe  of  Behaim,  preserved  at  Nuremberg,  represents  the  best 
knowledge  at  the  time  of  the  sailing  of  Columbus,  though  Peschel 
{Zcitalters  der  Entdcckungcn,  185S,  p.  90)  allows  Behaim  to  have 
been  but  a  mediocre  cosmographer.  Reproductions  of  it  are  given 
in  Santarem  (pl.  61)  and  in  St.  Martin  (pl.  ix),  and  in  other  places 
mentioned  in  Winsor's  Bibliog.  0/  Ptolemy'' s  Geog.,  sub  anno,  1478. 
Lelewel,  who  gives  it  (pl.  xl),  says  in  his  Epilogue,  p.  184,  that 
the  Behaim  family  caused  it  to  be  put  in  good  order  in  1825,  after  it 
had  been  long  neglected  in  the  town  hall  at  Nuremberg;  and  that  in 
1847  a  copy  of  it  was  made  for  the  Depot  G^ographique  at  Paris. 

24.  A.  D.  1493.     Map  in  the  Nuremberg  Chronicle. 

This  is  a  sketch  from  the  map  in  Hartmann  Schedel's  Liber 
Chronical UDi,  usually  known  as  the  "Nuremberg  Chronicle,"  having 
been  published  in  that  cit}-. 

The  map  preserves  the  old  idea  of  the  connection  of  Africa  and 
Asia  enclosing  the  Indian  Sea. 

25.  A.  D.  1497.     Vasco  da  Gama's  route. 

Ur.  Kohl  includes  this  modern  map,  in  which  Da  Gama's  route 
to  and  from  India  by  the  Cape  of  Good  Hope  is  pricked,  to  show  how 
near  he  came  to  the  South  American  coast,  which  Cabral,  on  a  similar 
voyage, 'discovered  three  3-ears  later.  The  route  is  that  established 
by  the  studies  of  Diogo  Hopke  and  Costa  Paiva. 

-  A.  D.  1497. 

A  carta  nautica  of  Conte  Freducci,  preserved  at  Wolfenbiittel, 
?hows  an  "isola  de  Brazil."  Cf.  Lelewel,  11,  106;  Studi  biog.  e 
bibliog.  delta  Soc.  geog.  italiana,  11,  94;  Santarem,  in  Butt,  de  la  Sac. 
^eog.  de  Paris,  1847,  i,  p.  312. 

II. 
THE  TWO  AMERICAS. 

26.  27.  A.  D.  1500.     Juan  de  la  Cosa. 

These  duplicate  maps  represent  the  American  parts  of  the  La  Cosa 
map  now  at  Madrid.  Kohl  copies  the  representation  of  it  given  in 
connection  with  Humboldt's  essay  appended  to  Ghillany's   Ritter 


Maps  Relating  to  America  31 

Martin  Bchaim.  (1853).  Humboldt  had  earlier  given  the  American 
parts  in  his  Exanien  Critique,  vol.  v  (1839),  but  not  very  accurately. 
The  best  reproduction  of  the  whole  map  is  in  Jomard's  ^Itlas,  pi.  16, 
and  there  are  reductions  from  Jomard  in  Stevens's  Hist,  and  Geog. 
Notes,  1869,  pi.  I,  and  (with  references)  in  the  Narr.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
0/  America,  iii,  p.  8.  Other  reproductions  of  the  American  part  are 
in  Lelewel's  Atlas,  no.  41,  and  in  De  la  Sagra's  Cuba.  Cf.  Winsor's 
Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy^ s  Geog.,  sub  anno  1508;  the  App.  to  Irving's 
Columbus  and  Enrique  de  Leguina's  Juan  de  la  Cosa,  Estudio  Bio- 
gr&fico,  Madrid,  1877. 

—  A.  D.  1501-1505. 

A  Portuguese  chart  of  this  date  is  supposed  to  be  given  in  the  map 
of  the  15 13  Ptolemy  (see  post,  no.  32).  Another  in  that  preserved  at 
Munich,  which  is  given  by  Kunstmann  in  his  Atlas,  pi.  iii,  and  by 
Kohl  in  his  Discovery  of  JMaine,  p.  174.  A  chart  reseml^ling  these 
two  has  been  found  in  the  possession  of  the  Este  family  in  INIodena, 
on  which  the  exact  date  of  1502  is  given.  It  is  described,  with  a 
facsimile,  in  Harrisse's  Cortereals;  and  is  also  referred  to  in  his  Cabots, 
pp.  143,  158.  The  map  ascribed  to  Pedro  Reinel  is  also  at  INIunich, 
and  is  likewise  given  by  Kuntsmann;  but  there  is  strong  ground  for 
suspecting  it  to  be  of  considerablj-  earlier  date,  perhaps  antedating 
Cabot.  Cf.  references  in  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy'' s  Geog.,  sub 
anno  1508. 

Peter  Martyr  mentions  a  chart  said  to  have  been  made  for  the  Portu- 
guese by  Vespucius,  which  is  not  now  known.  Santarem  has  pointed 
out  that  the  narrative  of  Corsal  in  Ramusio  shows  that  charts  were 
often  sent  from  Portugal  during  these  years  to  the  Portuguese  ambas- 
sador in  Rome. 

28.  A.  D.  1508.     Ruysch  in  the  Ptolemy  of  1508. 

Dr.  Kohl  refers  to  Humboldt's  introduction  to  Ghillany's  Martin 
Behaim;  Walckenaer's  Recherches  geographiqucs  sur  I' Interieur  de 
VAfrique  septentrionalc,  and  the  Biographic  Univcrselle,  vi,  207. 

There  are  reproductions  of  the  map  in  vSantarem,  Lelewel,  and  in 
various  other  places  named  in  WiUvSor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy'' s  Geog., 
sub  anno  1508.  An  original  copy  of  the  map  is  in  Harvard  College 
library.  A  section  of  the  northern  part  is  given  in  ihc  Journal  of  the 
Amcr.  Geog.  Society,  vol.  xii,  p.  179.  Cf.  StG:\&ns''i> Bibliotheca  Geog., 
no.  3058.     It  is  thought  that  Ruysch  used  Columbus's  draughts. 

Harrisse,  Notes  on  Cdlumbus,  p.  56,  thinks  Ruysch's  map  is  referred 
to  by  Johannes  Trithemus  in  a  letter,  Aug.  12,  1507  (published  in  his 
Epistolae  Eamiliarcs,  1536),  in  which  he  complains  that  he  could  not 
afford  to  purchase  a  map  of  the  new  world  for  forty  florins. 


32  Ko]il  Collection 

m 

—  A.  D.  1510-1512. 

The  Lenox  globe,  preserved  in  the  Lenox  Library  in  New  York,  of 
which  (drawings  are  given  in  the  Mag.  of  Ainer.  Hist.,  Sept.  1879; 
Ency.  Brit,  x,  6S1,  etc.;  and  Narr.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iii, 
p.  212. 

—  A.  D.  1511. 

A  carta  nautica  of  Salvat  de  Pilestrina  of  Majorca,  preserved  in  the 
archives  of  the  Ministry  of  War  in  Munich.  Cf.  Kunstmann,  Die 
Entdeckung  Amerikas,  p.  129;  Thomas,  Der  Periplus  des  Pont.  Eux., 
p.  7;  and  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptoleiny''s  Geography,  sub  anno  1508. 

29,  30.  A.  D.  1511.     In  Sylvanus's  Ptolemy. 

No.  29  is  the  western  half  of  this  cordiform  map;  no.  30  gives  the 
whole  map,  with  minor  errors  corrected  in  pencil  by  Doctor  Kohl. 

The  map  is  given  in  Lelewel  (pi.  xi,v),  and  there  are  various  refer- 
ences in  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy'' s  Geography,  sub  anno  151 1. 
Kohl's  drawings  are  taken  from  the  Grenville  copy  on  vellum  in  the 
British  Museum;  and  he  points  out  how  the  contour  of  South  America 
is  the  same  as  that  of  the  Ruysch  map,  while  Cuba  is  completed  as  an 
island,  and  Greenland  is  restored  to  its  earlier  connection  with  Europe. 
Cf.  Zurla,  Marco  Polo,  11,  358. 

—  A.  D.  151 1. 

The  map  described  by  D'Avezac  in  his  Atlas  hydrographique  de 
1511  du  genois  Vesconte  de  Maggiolo,  Paris,  1871,  originally  in  Bul- 
letin de  la  Soc.  Geog.  de  Paris,  1870,  p.  404.  The  original  is  in  the 
collection  of  Don  Riccardo  Heredia  in  Madrid,  having  been  bought  by 
him  at  public  sale  in  Paris  in  1870  for  1500  francs.  It  is  inscribed 
"Vesconte  de  Maiolo  civis  Janue  composuy  in  Neapoles  de  anno  15 11, 
die  XX  January. "  It  shows  America  from  Labrador  to  Cape  St.  Au- 
gustine. Cf.  Desimoni  in  Giornale  Ligustico,  11,  52;  Sttidi  Biog.  e 
Bibliog.  delta  Soc.  geog.  ital.,  11,  p.  106,  and  references  to  the  carto- 
graphical work  of  Maggiolo  (Maiolo)  in  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptole- 
my''s  Geog.,  sub  anno  151 1. 

—  A.  D.  1511. 

Peter  Martyr's  map  of  the  West  India  islands  and  adjacent  coast 
was  published  with  his  first  Decade,  Legatio  Babylonica,  at  Seville, 
and  has  been  reproduced  in  various  places.  Cf .  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of 
Ptoletny^s  Geog.,  sub  anno  1513.  Few  copies  of  the  original  are 
known.  Harrisse  is  inclined  to  think  that  it  does  not  belong  to  Peter 
Martyr's  book,  because  three  copies  in  the  original  vellum,  which  he 
has  examined,  do  not  have  it.  Cf.  Stevens,  Bibl.  Geog.,  no.  2954. 
Brevoort,  Verrazano,  p.  102,  thinks  its  publication  may  have  been 
offensive  to  the  Spanish  Government,  which  might  consequently  have 
suppressed  it.     The  later  editions  of  15 16  and  1530  have  no  map. 


Maps  Relating  to  A7uerica  -i^T^ 

Brevoort  adds  that  no  official  map  of  America  was  J>rinted  in  Spain 
till  1790.  The  Cabot  map  of  1544  seems  to  have  been  compiled  from 
Spanish  sources;  but  it  is  not  known  where  it  was  published;  and 
that  but  a  single  copy  is  saved  to  us  may  also  signify  that  it  was  sup- 
pressed by  Spanish  influence.  The  map  of  Medina  in  1545  was  a  mere 
sketch. 

31.  A.  D.  15 1 2.     Stobnicza. 

A  facsimile  of  the  rare  map  belonging  to  Johannes  de  Stobnicza's 
lutroductio  in  Claiidii  Ptholoniei  Cosviographia,  Cracovia,  1512. 
Kohl  used  the  copy  in  the  Munich  library.  There  are  other  copies 
now  known,  and  for  notes  of  these,  and  other  references,  see  Winsor's 
Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy''  s  Geography,  sub  anno  15 12.  There  are  facsimiles 
of  the  map  in  whole  or  in  part  in  the  Carter-Broivn  Catalogue,  Narr. 
and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iii.  13;  and  in  Daly's  Address  on  Early 
Cartography,  p.  32. 

—  A.  D.  1512-14. 

A  sketch  of  the  northern  and  southern  hemispheres,  of  four  gores 
each,  in  the  Queen's  collection  at  Windsor,  and  ascribed  by  R.  H. 
Major,  in  the  Archaologia,  vol.  xl.,  to  Leonardo  da  Vinci,  and  placed 
under  1512-1514.  Wieser,  in  his  3Iagalhdes-Strasse ,  gives  it  a  modern 
hemispherical  projection,  and  puts  it  in  1515-1516.  It  has  lately  been 
asserted  that  it  is  not  the  work  of  Da  Vinci.  Cf.  J.  V.  Richter's  Da 
Vinci. 

32.  A.  D.  1513.     In  the  Strasbourg  Edition  of  Ptolemy. 

This  is  the  "Tabula  Terre  nove  "  of  this  edition,  and  Kohl  points 
out  that  the  names  on  the  South  American  coast  are  carried  no  farther 
west  than  the  extent  of  the  voyage  of  Hojeda  in  1499,  ^"^^  "o  farther 
south  than  Vespucius  went  in  1503,  while  the  connection,  which  is 
made  between  the  northern  and  southern  continents,  must  have  been 
based  on  reports,  without  particulars. 

This  map,  supposed  to  have  been  in  some  way  connected  with  Co- 
lumbus's own  charts  is  often  called  "the  admiral's  map,"  and  its  con- 
nection with  Cabral  and  Vespucius  has  also  been  supposed.  The 
maker  of  the  map  was  Waldsepmiiller  or  Hylacomylus,  and  Lelewel 
(11,  143)  gives  reasons  for  believing  that  it  had  been  engraved  and 
sold  as  early  as  1507,  having  been  made  at  the  expense  of  Duke  Rene 
II.;  but  the  plate  does  not  seem  to  have  been  used  in  any  book  till  in 
this  15 13  edition  of  I^olemy.  Lelewel  supposes  it  to  be  in  eflect  a 
Portuguese  chart  made  in  1501-1504,  and  engraves  it  as  such  (pi.  43) 
and  it  is  known  that  La  Cosa  complained  of  the  Portuguese  frequent- 
ing the  coast  in  1503.  Facsimiles  of  the  map  are  given  in  Varnha- 
gen's  Premier  Voyage  de  Vespucci;  Stevens's  Hist,  and  Ceog.  Xotes, 
pi.  2,  and  Narr.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  Amer.,  iv,  p,  34.  Cf.  the  refer- 
ences in  Winsor's  Bihtiog.  of  Ptolemy'' s  Ceog.,  subanno  15 13. 
1 16(^6 — (j4 3 


34  KoJiI  Collection 

of  the  other  map  in  this  Ptolemy,  "  Orbis  typus  universalis,"  Kohl 
gives  no  copy;  but  a  facsimile  can  be  found  in  Ruge's  Gcschichte  des 
Zt'italtcrs,  dcr  Iiutdcckuugcti,  Berlin.  iS8i.  It  shows  a  part  of  South 
America,  with  the  islands  "Isabella"  and  "Spagnolla,"  with  a  bit  of 
coast  to  the  north  which  seems  to  represent  the  Cortereal  regions. 
Greenland  projects  from  Europe.  Cf.  D'Avezac's  Martin  Hylacomy- 
lus  ]]'aItzc7nuUcr,  scs  ouvragcs  et  ses  Collaboratcurs,  Paris,  1867, — 
extracted  from  the  Annales  des  \''oyages,  1866. 

—  A.  I).  15 14. 

A  map  (12  gores  of  a  globe)  found  in  a  copy  of  the  Cosmographiae 
Introduction  Lugduni,  and  engraved  in  a  Catalogue  of  Tross,  the 
Paris  bookseller,  1881.  Harrisse,  in  his  Cabots,  p.  182,  has  ascribed 
it  to  Lotiis  Boulenger.  Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Poleiny^ s  Geog.,  sub 
anno  1522. 

—  A.  I).  1514-1520. 

A  Portuguese  portolano  given  in  Kunstmann's  Atlas,  pi.  iv.,  and  in 
Stevens's  Notes,  pi.  v.  Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptoleiny''s  Geog., 
sub  anno  1522. 

33.   A.  I).  1515.     Reiscli's  Margarita  Philosophica. 

A  facsimile  of  the  map  in  this  book,  which  was  published  at  Stras- 
bourg in  15 15.  Kohl  used  a  copy  in  the  library  at  Munich.  The 
name  "Zoanamela"  is  given  to  North  America,  borrowed,  Kohl 
thinks,  from  the  Paesi  novarnente  retrovati  (lib.  iv. ),  where  it  is  said 
Columbus  discovered  a  country  of  this  name.  Both  Cuba  and  Santo 
Domingo  are  called  "Isabella."  South  America  is  called  "Paria  sen 
Prisilia." 

The  map  resembles  the  "Terre  Nove"  of  the  1513  Ptolemy.  The 
Ptolemy  map  is  bounded  on  the  west  by  the  edge  of  the  sheet,  which 
cuts  at  the  same  place,  where  a  scale  of  longitudes  is  placed  in  the 
Reisch  map.  West  of  this  scale  is  "  Zipagiu  insula,"  which  is  thus 
put  relative  to  the  new  lands  in  the  same  position  as  in  the  Stobnicza 
map.  The  river  with  three  mouth,s,  running  into  the  gulf,  which  is 
in  the  Ptolemy  map  (thought  by  some  to  represent  the  Ganges),  is 
left  out  by  Reisch.  Others,  like  Varnhagen,  have  considered  this 
gulf  that  of  ISIexico,  and  the  river  the  Mississippi. 

There  is  a  facsimile  of  Reisch's  map  in  Stevens's  Hist,  and  Geog. 
Notes,  pi.  4.     Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy''  s  Geog.,  sub  anno  1513. 

The  first  edition  of  Reisch  appeared  at  Freibourg  in  1503.  In  the 
next  year  (1504)  there  were  two  editions,  one  Schott,  the  other 
Griininger,  which  is  priced  b}'  I^eclerc  i^Ainericana.  no.  2965)  at  200 
francs,  and  has  a  mappemnode,  with  no  other  indication  of  America 
than  the  inscription  near  the  African  coast:.  "Hie  non  terra  sed  mare 
est  in  quo  mirse  magnitudinis  insulae  sed  Ptolemseo  fuerunt  incognitse." 
Quaritch  (no.  12,363)  had  a  copy  dated  1508,  with  the  same  map,  which 
he  called  "the  only  known  copy  in  which  the  map  is  to  be  found." 


Maps  Relating  to  America  35 

The  edition  of  1515  had  the  map  above  noticed.  (Harrisse,  Bib.  Am. 
I'et.  no.  82;  Additions,  no.  45,  noting  copy  in  the  Imperial  library  at 
Vienna. )  That  of  1517  (Basle)  has  a  woodcut  map  which  is  still  dif- 
ferent. {Beck/ord  Catalogue,  iii  no.  1256.)  Not  till  1535  did  any 
edition  have  any  reference  in  the  text  to  America.  Bib.  A»i.  Vet.  no. 
208.  The  latest  edition  was  in  15S3,  which  was  published  at  Basle. 
It  has  a  map  of  the  world  showing  America.  (L,eclerc,  no.  2926.)  It 
is  priced  at  25  marks  and  £"]. 

-  A.  D.  15 1 9. 

Portolano  by  Maiollo  figured  in  Kunstmann's  Atlas  (pi.  v.),  in 
Santarem,  and  in  Thomas's  Der  Periplns  des  Pont.  Eii.v.  It  shows 
the  Atlantic  coast  and  the  line  of  demarcation.  Cf.  Studi  biog.  e 
bibliog.  delta  Soc.  geog.  ital.,  11,  p.  109;  Atti  Sac.  ligure,  1867,  p.  92; 
Kohl,  Die  beiden  Generalkartcn  30,  146;  Desimoni  in  Giornale 
lignstico,  II,  p.  54. 

Enciso,  in  the  dedication  of  his  Suina  de  Geographia,  Sevilla,  1519, 
mentions  a  map  which  he  had  made  to  elucidate  his  text  for  Charles  I. 
(Charles  V.,  later);  but  it  is  not  now  known. 

34.  A.  D.  1520.     The  Frankfort  Globe. 

Only  the  American  parts,  with  Japan  (Zipangu)  are  given  of  a  globe 
preserved  at  Frankfort-on-the-]\Iain. 

Kohl  conjectures  the  date  to  be  1520  because  of  its  correspondence 
with  a  globe  of  that  date  made  by  Schoner,  and  he  suspects  this  may 
also  be  the  work  of  that  globe-maker,  while  Wieser,  in  his  iMagalhacs- 
Strassc  (p.  19),  where  an  engraving  of  it  is  given,  declares  it  to  be  the 
globe  made  to  accompany  vSchoner's  Liiculentissiina  qutrdam  Temr 
totitis  Descriptio,  printed  in  1515,  and  of  which  two  copies  are  now 
known.  This  at  Frankfort,  of  which  Jomard  (pi.  15)  gives  a  drawing, 
and  another  at  Weimar.  Cf.  references  in  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptol- 
eviy's  Geog.,  sub  anno  1522. 

35.  .\.  I).  J520.     SchOner's  Globe. 

Only  the  American  portion  is  given,  but  without  comments.  The 
globe  is  presers-ed  at  Nuremberg,  and  there  are  representations  of  it 
given  in  Kohl's  Geschichte  der  Entdeckungsreisen  zur  3lagellan's- 
Strasse,  Berlin,  1877,  p.  8;  in  Harpers  Magazine,  Dec.  1882,  p.  731; 
in  Ghillany's  Martin  Be/taitn,  vSantarem,  Lelewel,  Wieser,  etc.  Cf. 
references  in  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy'' s  Geog.,  sub  ainio  1522. 

36.  A.  D.  1520.     In  Camers's  Edition  of  Solinus. 

This  cordiform  map  is  by  Petrus  .\pianus  (or  Bienewitz,  as  he  was 
called  in  his  vernacular) ,  appeared  in  the  Polyhistoria  of  Solinus, edited 
by  the  Italian  monk,  Camers,  and  also  in  1522  in  the  De  Orbis  Situ  of 
Pomponius  Mela,  published  by  Vadianus. 

There  are  facsimiles  of  this  niaj)  in  the  Carter-Jironn  Catalogue, 
and  in  vSantarem ' s  ^///^.?. 

Cf.  references  in  Winsor's  Bibliog.  if  /'tole)ny\s  Geography,  sub 
anno,  1522. 


36  Kohl  Collection 

37.  A.  D.  1522.     In  the  Ptolemy  of  1522. 

The  map  "  Orbis  Typus  UniversaHs,"  signed  "  L.  F. ,"  showing  part 
of  South  America  and  Cuba,  the  whole  of  "Spagnollo,"  and  no  other 
part  of  America;  "Islandia"  (Iceland)  being  placed  off  the  point  of 
Norway,  and  "Gronland"  being  shown  as  a  projection  of  Europe. 
The  name  AMERICA  is  on  South  America.  Cf.  Winsor's  Bihliog.  of 
Ptolemy's  Grog.,  sub  anno,  1522.  This  map  of  Laurentius  Frisius  was 
repeated  without  change  of  date  in  the  Ptolemy  of  1525,  and  again  in 
that  of  1535. 

Kohl  does  not  include  in  this  collection  another  map  of  this  1522 
Ptolemy,  called  "Tabula  terre  nove,"  which  is  a  re-engraving  of  the 
map  numbered  32,  ante.     Also  repeated  in  the  1525  and  1535  editions. 

—  A.  D.  1524. 

Iwo  small  maps  in  Apian 's  Cosmographicus  liber,  published  at 
Landshut.  Cf.  Harrisse,  Bibl.  Ajh.  Vet.  no.  127,  and  Additions,  p.  87. 
The  edition  of  1529  {B.  A.  V  no.  148)  has  annotations  by  Gemma 
Frisius,  a  pupil  of  Apian;  and  in  the  same  year  his  Cosmographies 
introdnctio  (1529)  is  an  abridgment  of  the  large  work  {^B.  A.  V. 
no.  149).  The  Antwerp  edition  (i528)ofthe  Cosmog.  liberhas  no  map. 
There  were  other  editions  at  Venice  in  1533,  ^^^  ^t  Antwerp  in  1534. 
{B.  A.  J',  nos.  148,  and  Additions,  nos.  88,  100,  106.)  Cf.  Winsor's 
Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy,  sub  anno  1540;  and  Harrisse,  Notes  on  Coliitnbtis, 
p.  174. 

The  I'reniontre  globe  of  about  this  date.  Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of 
Ptolemy,  sub  anno  1540. 

—  A.  I).  1525. 

Harrisse,  Bib.  Am.  Vet.  no.  133,  cites  the  Yslegung  der  Mer-Carthen 
or  Cartha  Marina,  and  ascribes  it  to  Ivaurentius  Frisius.  It  has  two 
large  maps.  Kohl  gives  a  portion  of  the  northeast  coast  of  America 
(later  to  be  mentioned).  The  1530  ed.,  Undenveidung  und  Auslegung 
der  Cartha  Marina,  published  at  Strasburg  ^B.  A.  V.  no.  158),  has 
no  maps. 

—  A.  D.  1526. 

A  map  by  the  Monk  Franciscus,  figured  in  Lelewel,  pi.  46,  showing 
North  America  as  a  part  of  Asia.  The  original  is  called  ' '  Hoc  orbis 
hemisphterum  cedit  regi  Hispaniae."  It  appeared  in  the  De  orbis  situ 
ac  descriptione  Francisci  epistola.  Cf.  Harrisse,  Bib.  Atner.  Vet.  no. 
131,  where  it  is  put  under  1524. 

38.  A.  D.  1527.     The  so-called  Hernando  Colon  map. 

The  original  (on  parchment)  is  anonymous,  and  in  the  Grand-Ducal 
library  at  Weimar,  and  is  dated  at  Seville  in  1527.  During  the  six- 
teenth and  seventeenth  centuries  it  had  been  kept  in  Nuremberg. 
Kohl,  as  has  been  the  custom,  assigns  it  to  Ferdinand  Columbus,  but 
Harrisse  dismisses  his  and  other  claims,  and  is  inclined  to  ascribe  it 


Maps  Relating  to  America  t^J 

to  Nuno  Garcia  de  Toreno.  Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy' s  Geog., 
sub  anno  1540,  for  references.  It  shows  the  line  of  demarcation,  as 
established  batween  Spain  and  Portugal,  or  rather  the  Spanish  view 
regarding  that  vexed  question.  Kohl  later  published  a  fac-simile  of  the 
American  parts  of  this  map  in  his  Die  bciden  dltesten  Generalkarten 
von  Anierifca,  Weimar,  i860. 

39.  A.  D.  1527.     Robert  Thome's  map. 

This  map  was  made  by  an  English  merchant,  living  in  Seville,  who 
sent  it  to  England,  where  it  was  published  by  Hakluyt  in  his  Divers 
Voyages  in  1582,  and  is  reproduced  in  the  Hakluyt  Society's  edition 
of  that  book;  and  for  the  American  portion  in  the  A'ar.  and  Crit. 
Hist,  of  America,  iii,  17,  and  in  Brown's  Cape  Breton,  p.  22.  Thorne 
professes  to  have  "discovered  the  secrets"  of  the  licensed  map- 
makers  of  Spain. 

Cf.  Winsor's  Bibtiog.  of  Ptolemy,  sub  anno  1540. 

—  A.  D.  1527. 

A  map  by  Maiollo,  preserved  in  the  Biblioteca  Ambrosianaat  Milan, 
which  is  in  part  figured  in  Desimoni's  Giovanni  I'errazzano,  3d  app., 
Genoa,  1882;  and  in  the  Narr.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  vol.  iv. 
Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy's  Geog.,  .sub  anno  1540.  The  date 
has  been  altered  to  1587.  Sttidi  biog.  c  bibliog.  delta  soc.  geog.  itat., 
1882,  II,  pp.  113,  154. 

—  A.  D.  1527. 

The  Studi  biog.  e  bibliog.  delta  soc.  geog.  itat.,  11,  p.  113,  and  ^Itti 
soc.  tigiire,  1867,  p.  174,  refer  to  a  map  of  Baptista  Agnese  of  this  date 
in  the  British  Museum;  but  the  date  is  earlier  than  is  usually  assigned 
to  this  cartographer.  Cf.  Winsor's  Bibtiog.  of  Ptolemy'' s  Geog.,  .sub 
anno  1540. 

The  Studi,  etc..  11,  p.  114,  also  cites  a  carta  nautica  of  about  1527, 
preserved  in  the  Biblioteca  Laurenziana,  at  Florence,  which  shows 
the  east  coa.st  from  Labrador  to  the  Straits  of  Magellan. 

40.  A.  D.  1528.     The  world  by  Coppo. 

The  original  belongs  to  a  rare  book  called:  Portolano  detti  Loc/ii 
maritimi  ed  isote  de  Mar  .  .  .  composto  per  Piero  Coppo,  \'enetia, 
1528,  of  which  there  is  a  copy  in  the  Grenville  Collection,  British 
Museum.  The  repre.sentation ,  which  fills  two  pages  of  the  book,  is 
different  from  any  other.  America  is  represented  by  a  large  group  of 
islands,  of  which  "  Mondo  Novo"  (South  America)  is  the  most  exten- 
.sive.  Cf.  Zurla,  Fra  Mauro,  p.  9,  and  his  Marco  Polo,  11,  p.  363; 
Harri-s-se,  Bib.  Am.  Vet.,  no.  144.  The  Kohl  MS.  in  the  Anier.  Antiq. 
Soc.  has  another  drawing  of  the  map,  and  it  is  sketched  in  the  Narr. 
and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America. 

Coppo  refers  to  Columbus  in  a  pas.sage  quoted  by  Ilarrisse,  Notes 
on  Columbus,  p.  56,  from  a  citation  in  :Morelli's  Operctte,  i,  309. 


38  KoJil  Collection 

—  A.  D.  152S.     (See  no.  48.) 

The  map  of  the  world  in  Bordone's  Lihro,  later  known  as  the  Iso- 
lario.  It  is  sketched  in  H.  H.  Bancroft's  Central  America,  i,  144. 
Lelewel  (pi.  46)  dates  it  1521,  since  all  the  maps  in  the  book  are  sup- 
posed to  have  been  made  then  or  earlier.  It  was  reissued  in  1533. 
Cf.  references  in  \^\\\'r,ox''s  Bibliog.  of  Ptoteiny''s  Geog.,  sub  anno  1540. 

41,  42.     A.  D.  1529.     Ribero's  map. 

These  copies  give  only  the  American  parts  of  this  map  of  the  world. 
Kohl  in  these  drawings  copied  the  draft  of  it  by  Giissefeldt,  which 
was  given  in  a  monograph  by  M.  C.  Sprengel,  Uber  Ribero's  at  teste 
Welt-/:arte,  published  in  1795,  which  followed  a  copy  at  Jena,  and 
which  Kohl  says  he  follows  in  lieu  of  something  better.  In  i860 
Kohl  reproduced  the  Weimar  original  in  his  Die  beiden  dltesten  Gen- 
eral-Kartcu  vo)i  America.  The  entire  map  is  given  in  Santarem,  in 
Lelewel,  and  in  Riige's  Geschichte  des  Zeitalters  der  Entdeckungen 
(1S83).  There  is  another  early  copy  in  the  Archivio  del  Collegio  di 
Propaganda  at  Rome.  Cf.  the  references  in  Winsor's  Bibliog.  oj 
Ptolemy's  Geog.,  sub  anno  1540,  and  the  Bull,  de  la  Soc.  de  Giog.  de 
Paris  (1847),  I,  p.  309. 

Referring  to  the  Newfoundland  region,  Kohl  thinks  Ribero  may 
have  seen  and  used  a  map  of  these  parts  made  in  1506  by  a  French- 
man. This  refers  to  Charlevoix's  statement  of  a  map  made  by  Jehan 
Denys;  but  Harrisse,  Cabots,  p.  250,  pronounces  it  "  absolument 
apocryphe."  A  facsimile  of  an  undated  map  of  the  Ribero  type  was 
published  by  the  Spanish  Government  in  the  Cartas  de  Indias  in  1877. 

A  Spanish  planisphere,  in  the  possession  of  the  Marchesi  Castiglione 
in  Mantua,  shows  the  whole  Atlantic  coast  of  both  Americas,  and  on 
the  Labrador  coast  has  this  legend :  ' '  Tierra  que  descobrio  Kstevan 
Gomez  este  aiio  de  1525  por  mandado  de  su  majestad."  Cf.  Studi 
biog.  e  bibliog.  delta  Soc.  geog.  ital.,11.  no.  412;  Portioli,  Carte  e 
memorie  geograp/iiche  in  Mantova  (1875),  p.  24. 

—  A.  D.  1529. 

A  planisphere  of  Hieronimus  Verrazzano  in  the  Museo  Borgiano  at 
Rome,  which  has  been  given  in  whole  or  in  part  in  the  monographs 
on  Verrazano  by  J.  C.  Brevoort,  H.  C.  Murphy,  and  B.  F.  De  Costa. 
Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy's  Geog.,  sub  anno  1540,  and  Studi 
biog.  e  bibliog.  delta  Soc.  geog.  ital.,  11.   p.  116. 

This  same,  Studi,  etc.,  11,  p.  116,  quotes  a  carta  nautica  of  this  date 
(1529)  as  being  in  the  British  Museum,  and  ascribed  to  Baptista 
Agnese. 

43,  44.     A.  D.  1530.     In  the  Sloane  Mss.,  Brit.  Museum. 

The  original  is  attached  to  a  manuscript  De  prificipiis  astrononiie, 
and  placed  by  its  Catalogue  at  about  1530.  There  is  no  date  on  the 
map,  but  the  inscription  on  the  coast  above  Florida  is:  "  Terra  Fran- 
ciscana  nuper  lustrata,"  which  may  refer  to  Verrazano  or  Cartier;  if  to 


Maps  Rclatiiiir  to  America  39 

Cartier  the  date  would  be  1536  or  later.  North  America  is  a  continua- 
tion of  Asia  eastward.  South  America  is  cut  oflF  by  the  bottom  of  the 
map  at  40°;  but  an  inscription  at  that  point  says:  "Hie  ultra  55  g 
extendit."  The  map  is  very  like  the  cordiform  map  of  Orontius 
Finaeus  reduced  to  a  plane.  It  is  also  in  Kohl's  MS.  in  the  Amer. 
Antiq.  Society's  library. 

45.  A.  D.  1530.     Diego  Homem. 

The  original,  among  Lord  Lumley's  (d;  1609)  maps  in  the  Briti.sh 
Museum,  is  noteworthy  from  the  west  coast  of  the  two  Americas  hav- 
ing no  defined  or  supposable  limit,  the  green  color  of  the  Continent 
simply  fading  away.  The  eastern  coast  is  of  the  Ribero  type.  The 
only  names  are  "  Timististan "  (Mexico)  and  "  Mundus  Novus" 
(South  America). 

46.  A.I).  1531.     The  world  by  Finseus. 

The  original  is  an  engraved  map  in  the  Paris  (1532)  edition  of  the 
Novus  Orhis,  usually  ascribed  to  Grynaeus.  This  map,  of  which  the 
title  is  "Nova  et  integra  universi  orbis  descriptio,"  is  of  a  double 
cordiform  projection,  divided  at  the  equator.  The  author  of  it  is 
Orontius  Finceus,  or  Oronce  Fine,  who  dates  it  July,  153 1,  in  a  dedica- 
tion to  Christian  Wechel,  who  bore  the  expense  of  its  production. 
Ortelius  in  his  list  mentions  this  map  as  "  Orbis  terrarum  typus,  sub 
forma  cordis  humani."  This  edition  of  the  A'oc'iis  Orbis  has  some- 
times another  map;  but  this  is  the  proper  one.  Cf.  Bib.  Adi.  I'd., 
nos.  172,  173;  and  references  in  Winsor's  Bibliog.  0/ Ptolemy,  sub  anno 
1540.  The  same  map  is  in  the  1540  edition  of  Pomponius  Mela.  Cf. 
Bib.  Am.  Vet.  Additions,  no.  127. 

-  A.  D.  1532. 

The  map  by  Miinster  in  the  Basle  edition  of  the  Novtt^'i  Orbis,  of 
which  there  are  facsimiles  in  the  Narr.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America, 
III,  and  in  Stevens's  Notes,  pi.  iv,  no.  4.  It  was  repeated  in  the  1537 
and  1555  editions  of  the  Novus  Orbis.  Cf.  Win.sor's  Biblioi:;.  0/  Ptot- 
etny\<;  Geof^.,  sub  anno  1540. 

.\  mappemode  by  Bartolomeo  Olives,  with  other  maps  of  Central 
and  South  America,  contained  in  an  Atlas  in  the  Royal  University 
Library  at  Pisa.  Cf.  Studi  biog.  e  bibliog.  della  Soc.  gcog.  italiana, 
II,  no.  414. 

47.  A.  I).  [534.     America. 

.■\n  engraved  map  published  in  Venice  Dec.  1534,  with  tlie  title 
La  Carta  utii-cersale  della  terra  ferma  ed  isole  dclle  Indie  occidcntali. 
It  purports  to  V)e  compiled  from  two  marine  charts,  made  in  Seville 
by  pilots  of  the  Emperor.  Kohl  thinks  the  author  drew  from  the 
charts  of  the  Spanish  hydrographical  bureau  as  Ribero  did,  who.se 
map  it  resembles.  Kohl  errs  in  saying  that  the  Burmudas  appear  here 
for  the  first  time  on  an  engraved  map,  since  tliey  a])j)eared  in  151 1  in 


40  Kohl  CoUcctioji 

the  engraved  Peter  Martyr  map.  The  coast  from  Paria  to  New  Eng- 
land is  called  "Indie  occidentali;"  South  America  is  called  "  Mondo 
Nuovo— Terra  Ferma."  A  large  part  of  the  western  coast  of  South 
America  (Chili  and  Peru)  is  left  blank.  The  western  coast  of  North 
America  above  Central  America  is  omitted.  The  only  known  copy  of 
this  map  is  in  the  Lenox  Library;  it  is  reproduced  in  Stevens's  Notes. 
Cf.  full  references  in  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy's  Geog.,  sub  anno 
1540. 

48.  A.  D.  1534.     The  world  by  Bordone. 

An  engraved  map  on  an  elliptical  projection  in  the  Isolario  de  Bene- 
detto Bordone,  published  in  1534.  What  seems  to  stand  for  the  Gulf 
of  ^lexico  is  bounded  on  the  north  by  a  projecting  "terra  del  labora- 
tore,"  and  on  the  south  by  a  larger  peninsula,  called  "Mondo  Novo." 
(See  sub  no.  40.) 

-  A.  D.  1534. 

A  map  of  the  Ribero  type  in  the  Ducal  library  at  Wolfenbiittel. 
Cf.  Harrisse's  Cabots,  p.  185. 

Santarem,  Bull,  de  la  Soc.  de  Geog.,  vii,  322,  refers  to  a  globe  at 
Weimar  of  this  date. 

49.  A.  D.  1534.     The  world. 

An  engraved  map  of  an  elliptical  projection,  inscribed:  "  Tiguri 
Anno  M.D.XXXIIII."  It  resembles  the  map  in  the  Basle,  1532,  edi- 
tion of  the  Novus  Orbis,  but  omits  the  islands  on  the  eastern  coast  of 
America.     Kohl  does  not  trace  its  origin. 

50.  A.  D.  1535.     The  world  in  the  Ptolemy  of  1&35. 

It  gives  of  America  only  the  northeast  corner  of  South  America  and 
the  eastern  coast  of  what  is  apparently  Newfoundland  or  Labrador. 
It  is  called  "Tabula  Nova  Orbis,"  and  was  repeated  in  the  Lyons  edi- 
tion of  1 54 1.  "Gronlanda"  is  made  a  long  narrow  promontory 
stretching  southwest  from  the  northwestern  extremity  of  Europe. 

51.  A.  D.  i536(?).     The  world. 

The  original  is  an  undated  MS.  in  the  Bodleian  Library,  of  an  ellip- 
tical projection.  The  dotted  line  given  for  the  Chili  coast,  and  the 
indications  of  Pizarro's  conquest  of  Southern  Peru,  induce  Kohl  to 
place  it  between  1534  and  1536.  It  resembles  the  delineation  in  the 
American  parts  of  the  maps  of  Baptista  Agnese  of  about  this  date. 

A  similar  outline  is  given  in  the  Turin  Atlas  (1530-1540),  of  which 
Wuttke  gives  an  outline  in  the  Jahresbericht  des  Vereins fiir  Erd- 
ktitide  in  Dresden,  1870.  Still  another  of  a  like  contour  is  given  in 
colored  facsimile  by  Peschel  in  the  Jahresbericht  des  Vereins  fiir  Erd- 
kunde  in  Leipzig,  1871. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  41 

52.  A.  D.  1536.     Tlie  world  by  Baptista  Agnese. 

The  original  is  a  manuscript  map  of  an  elliptical  projection  pre- 
served in  the  British  Museum,  marked:  "  Bapt.  Agnese  Venetiis,  1536." 
The  western  and  northern  coasts  of  North  America  are  vaguely  drawn 
by  a  dotted  line,  and  so  is  the  coast  of  Chili.  A  course  from  Spain  to 
the  Isthmus,  and  so  down  the  South  American  coast  to  Peru,  is  repre- 
sented by  a  pricked  line,  as  is  also  the  route  of  Magellan's  ship  round 
the  world.     The  La  Plata  River  is  developed  with  branches. 

Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy's  Geog.,  sub  anno  1540,  for  refer- 
ences. A  sketch  of  the  map  is  given  in  the  Narr.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of 
America,  iv,  p.  40. 

-  A.  D.  1536. 

An  anonymous  atlas  of  eleven  charts,  showing  in  one  North  America 
and  the  ^Moluccas,  and  in  another  South  America  and  Africa,  has  been 
recently  discovered  in  Padua;  and  is  now  in  Venice.  Cf.  Studi  biog. 
e  bibliog.  delta  Soc.  geog.  itat.,  11,  p.  120. 

An  anonymous  atlas  of  twelve  charts  in  the  po.ssession  of  Nicolo 
Barazzi  in  Venice,  of  which  no.  3  is  the  Pacific  and  the  coast  of 
America;  no.  4  is  America;  and  no.  12  the  world.  It  formerly  be- 
longed to  the  Erizzo  family  in  Venice.     Cf.    Studi,    etc.,  11,  p.  128. 

-  A.  D.  1538. 

A  heart-shaped  map  of  Mercator,  of  which  the  only  copy  known 
belongs  to  Mr.  J.  Carson  Brevoort  of  Brooklyn.  Cf.  Bull,  of  tfie 
Aiuer.  Geog.  Soc.  1878,  p.  196. 

-  A.  D.  1539. 

This  date  is  assigned  to  an  atlas  commonly  cited  as  the  Atlas  de 
Pliitippe  Ifdediea  Cliarles  Quiut,  but  which  is  more  correctly  defined 
in  the  title  given  to  a  photographic  reproduction,  Portulano  dc  Cttarles 
Quint  dontie  a  Pliilippe  I  I,  acconipagne  d'une  notice  par  iMM.  F.  Spitzcr 
ct  C/i.  Wiener,  Paris,  1875.  Major  is  inclined  to  believe  it  the  work 
of  Baptista  Agne.se.  A  copy  of  this  facsimile  is  in  Harvard  College 
Library.  Malte-Brun  describes  the  map  in  the  Bull,  de  la  Soc.  Geog. 
de  Paris,  1S76,  p.  625.  Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy's  Geog.,  sul) 
anno  1540. 

Plate  IV  shows  the  two  Americas,  and  is  of  the  Agnese  type.     Plate 

XIII.  shows  the  eastern  coast  of  North  America  of  the  Ribero  type,  and 
the  whole  of  vSouth  America,  with  the  coa.st  of  Chili,  is  left  out.     Plate 

XIV.  shows  North  America,  with  the  west  coast  drawn  up  to  Cali- 
fornia, but  parts  of  the  east  and  west  coast  of  South  America  are  left 
out. 

-  A.  D.  1540. 

The"  typus  universalis"  of  Miinster  in  the  Ptolemy  of  this  date. 
Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  /'tolony's  Geog.,  sub  anno  1540. 


42  Kohl  Collection 

—  A.  D.  1540.     The  new  world  by  Miinster. 

See  no.  58.  The  same  plate  was  often  used  during  this  century, 
particularly  in  Miinster's  publications;  with  the  names  of  the  coun- 
tries inserted  in  the  block  in  different  type,  sometimes  in  German, 
sometimes  in  Latin.  Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy' s  Geog.,  sub 
anno  1540.  There  is  a  reduced  facsimile  of  this  map  in  the  Narr.  and 
Crit.  Hist,  of  Ainerica,  vol.  iv,  p.  41. 

—  A.  D.  1540. 

The  Antwerp  edition  of  Apian's  Cosniographia  has  a  map  repro- 
duced in  Lelewel's  JMoyen  age,  pi.  46.  Cf.  the  map  in  the  1544 
(French),  1545  (Latin),  and  1548  (Spanish)  editions. 

53,  54.   A.  D.  1541.     The  new  world  in  the  Ptolemy  of  1541. 

Similar  to  the  maps  in  the  editions  of  15 11  and  15 13;  but  on  a  large 
scale,  except  that  "  Parias,"  a  name  given  by  Columbus  to  the  north- 
ern coast  of  South  America,  is  here  transferred  to  what  is  shown 
of  North  America. 

No.  54  is  a  less  perfect  copy. 

—  A.  D.  1541. 

Engraved  gores  of  a  mappemode  by  Mercator.  Cf.  Winsor's 
Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy'' s  Geog.,  sub  anno  1548,  with  references. 

55.  A.  D.  1542.     America  by  Rotz. 

The  original  is  in  a  MS.  in  the  British  Museum,  "John  Rotz  his 
book  of  Hydrography."  It  shows  the  eastern  parts  of  North  America 
and  all  of  South  America  (making  an  island  of  the  eastern  parts 
of  Brazil)  on  a  hemispherical  projection.  It  shows  a  number  of  fabu- 
lous islands  in  the  North  Atlantic.  An  outward  curve  in  the  coast  of 
Chili  was  copied  in  many  later  maps.  Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of 
Ptolemy'' s  Geog.,  sub  anno  1548,  for  references. 

—  A.  D.  1542. 

The  Ulpius  globe.  Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy'' s  Geog.,  sub 
annis  1540  and  1548,  for  reference;  and  also  Ibid,  for  the  "Mappe- 
monde  Harleyenne,"  as  Harrisse  calls  it,  in  the  British  Museum. 

The  map  in  Hunter's  Riidimenta  Cosmographica — much  behind 
the  time — and  repeated  in  1546,  and  in  other  editions  till  1561,  when 
a  better  shape  for  America  was  adopted.  A  fac -simile  is  given  of  the 
1542  map  in  Stevens's  Notes.  It  resembles  the  map  given  in 
Jomard,  pi.  xviil,  as  "sur  une  Cassette  de  la  Collection  Trivulci  dite 
Cassettina  all'  Agemina." 

56.  A.  D.  1543.     America  by  Baptista  Ag'nese. 

The  original  is  a  manuscript  map  in  the  Collection  of  the  Duke  of 
Gotha,  signed,  "Baptista  Agnese  fecit  Venetiis  1543  die  18  Februarii." 
It  shows  the  eastern  coast  from  Labrador  to  the  Staits  of  Magellan; 


Maps  Relating  to  America  43 

and  the  western  coast,  stopping  just  north  of  the  same  Straits,  is 
renewed  at  Southern  Peru,  and  extends  to  the  upper  verge  of  Central 
America.  It  notes  the  discoveries  of  Ayllon  on  the  Carolina  coast. 
It  is  partly  reproduced  in  Kohl's  Discovery  of  Maine,  316.  The  Studi 
biog.  e  bibliog.  delta  sac.  geog.  ital.,  11,  p.  134,  notes  an  atlas  hydro- 
graphique  (showing  the  world  and  America)  also  in  the  Ducal  library 
at  Gotha.  There  are  various  other  Agnese  maps  of  about  this  date. 
One,  dated  June  25,  in  the  Huth  library,  is  referred  to  in  Harrisse's 
Cabots,  p.  189;  another  in  the  Biblioteca  Laurenziana  at  Florence  is 
dated  Feb.  12.  In  this  chart  no.  3  shows  the  Pacific  with  America 
and  the  Moluccas;  no.  4,  the  Atlantic  with  the  American  coast;  no.  12 
is  a  general  map,  indicating  the  route  of  ^Magellan.  Cf.  Studi,  etc., 
II,  p.  131.  One  of  1544  is  in  the  Royal  library  at  Dresden;  it  is  signed 
at  Venice.  Cf.  Studi,  etc.,  11,  p.  132.  Another  of  1545  is  in  the  Bib- 
lioteca Marciana  at  Venice.  Cf.  Studi,  etc.,  11,  p.  132.  Cf.  refer- 
ences in  Winsor's  Bibtiog.  of  Ptolemy^ s  Geog.,  sub  anno  1548.  The 
Studi,  etc.,  II,  p. .129,  notes  an  Agnese  atlas  (1536-50)  in  the  Royal 
library  at  Munich;  and  (p.  159)  another  in  the  National  library 
at  Florence  as  of  the  sixteenth  century,  containing  fifteen  nautical 
maps,  of  which  no.  2  shows  the  coasts  of  the  Pacific  and  no.  3  the 
east  coast  of  America. 

—  A.  D.  1544. 

]\Iap  by  Ruscelli  in  the  British  Museum,  drawn  in  part  in  Kohl's  Dis- 
covery of  J\  I  ai^te,  p.  296,  and  in  H.  H.  Bancroft's  Cent.  America,  i,  148. 
Cf.     Lelewel,  p.  170,  and  Pcschel's  Erd/cutide,  p.  371. 

The  well-known  map  usually  ascribed  to  Sebastian  Cabot.  Cf.  Win- 
sor's Bibtiog.  of  Ptoteviy' s  Geog.,  sub  anno  1548  for  references,  and 
Studi  biog.  e  bibtiog.,  etc.,  11,  p.  213. 

The  map  of  Miinster's  Cosmograpliia  of  this  date  is  reproduced  in 
Santarem  and  Lelewel,  pi.  46. 

57.  -V.  I).  1545.     The  world  in  the  1545  edition  of  Ptolemy. 

The  map  is  by  Sebastian  Miin.ster.  The  same  map  was  re-engraved 
in  the  Ptolemy  of  1552,  and  in  Miinster's  Cosinograptiia  of  1534. 

58.  A.  I).  1545.     The  new  world  by  Munster. 

This  is  the  well-known  map,  Novus  Orbis,  in  the  Basle,  1545,  edi- 
tion of  Ptolemy.  The  same  plate  first  appeared  in  the  edition  of  1540. 
(See  that  date. ) 

-  A.  I).  1546. 

The  Pierre  Desceliers  map,  u.sually  called  the  "  Henri  II  map."  Cf. 
\Vh\iior' a  Bibtiog.  of  Ptolemy's  Geog.  for  references;  also,  Paul  Gaf- 
farel's  Bresil  Fraufais,  Paris,  1878,  p.  6;  (^xuibert,  Ville  de  Dieppe, 
vol.  I,  p.  348;  Malte-Brun's  "  ITn  g^'ographe  fran^ais  du  XVI'"  siccle" 
in  Bull,  de  la  Soc.  de  Geog.  de  Paris,  Sej^t.,  1876. 


44  KoJd  Collection 

The  map  of  this  date  in  Epitouie  of  Vadiaims,  published  in  1548,  is 
given  by  Santareni. 

The  portolano  of  Johann  Freire.     Cf.  Harrisse's  Cabois,  p.  220. 

—  A.  D.  154S. 

Maps  no.  59  and  no.  60  in  the  Italian  ed.  of  Ptolemy.  Both  repre- 
sent North  America  as  a  part  of  Asia,  but  differently.  Cf.  Winsor's 
Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy'' s  Geog.  No.  60,  called  "Carta  Marina,"  was  re- 
peated in  the  Ptolemy  of  156 1.  It  is  sketched  in  the  Narr.  and  Crit. 
Hist,  of  America,  iv,  p.  43. 

—  A.  D.  1549. 

A  Maggiolo  atlas  in  the  Biblioteca  Comunale  in  Treviso. 

59.  A.  D.  1549.     America  by  Medina. 

The  original  is  an  engraved  map  in  Pedro  de  Medina's  Libro  de 
grandezas  y  cosas  inetnorables  de  Espana,  Seville,  1549.  It  shows  the 
eastern  coast  of  North  America  from  Labrador  soiith,  and  both  coasts 
of  Central  and  South  America.  Kohl  suggests  that  the  small  size  of 
this  and  the  other  early  maps  of  America  issued  in  Spain,  indicate  the 
unwillingness  of  the  authorities  to  allow  detailed  charts  on  a  large 
scale  to  circulate.  It  shows  the  famous  line  of  demarcation,  which  is 
used  to  note  the  degrees  of  latitude.  Cf.  Bib.  Am.  Vet.,  p.  517;  and 
Additions,  165.  It  is  the  map  of  the  Arte  de  navegar  oi  1545,  eked 
out  for  the  lower  parts  of  South  America  by  an  added  block.  Cf. 
Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy^  s  Geog.,  sub  anno  1548. 

60.  A.  D.  154-?     Am.erica  by  Homem. 

This  is  the  western  part  of  an  elliptical  projection  of  the  world,  and 
belongs  to  an  undated  manuscript  in  the  British  Museum.  The  west 
coast  is  shown  from  California  to  Peru;  the  east  coast  entire,  and  both 
coasts  of  Patagonia.  Tierra  del  Fuego  is  the  northern  part  of  a  land 
of  unknown  extent.  The  La  Plata  is  developed;  but  the  Amazon  is 
not.  "Terra  Nova"  is  a  peninsula  stretching  northwesterly  from 
Norway,  with  "Yslanda"  lying  between  it  and  "Bacalaos."  The 
map  resembles  those  of  Homem 's  contemporary,  Baptista  Agnese. 

61.  A.  D.  c.  1550.     Nancy  globe. 

This  shows  the  western  hemisphere  of  the  globe  preserved  at  Nancy, 
in  France. 

Kohl  refers  to  Blaeu's  paper  on  this  globe  in  the  Mhnoires  de  la 
Societe  royale  des  Sciences  de  Nancy,  1835,  pp.  ix  and  97. 

It  makes  North  America  part  of  Asia,  and  shows  a  large  antarctic 
continent.  Cf.  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptoletny''s  Geog.,  sub  anno  1548, 
for  notices  of  engravings  of  it. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  45 

—  XVI.  cent. 

The  S/!(d!  hiog.  f  bibliog.  della  soc.  geog.  ital.,  vol.  11,  enumerates 
various  maps  of  this  century,  without  assigning  them  particular  years; 
and  also  a  variety  of  MS.  sea-manuals  likewise  of  this  century. 

An  anonymous  Carta  nautica  preserved  in  the  Ducal  library  at  Wol- 
fenbiittel,  which  shows  North  America  in  part,  as  far  west  as  Yucatan 
and  east  to  Cape  vSt.  Augustine  (Siudi,  11,  p.  106).  Cf.  Harrisse, 
Cabots,  p.  1 85;  and  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolcniy\  sub  1540. 

An  atlas  in  the  same  library,  with  a  map  of  the  new  world,  which  is 
placed  in  the  last  quarter  of  the  century  {Stiidi,  11,  p.  155). 

A  Spanish  mappemonde  of  the  early  part  of  the  century,  preserved 
in  the  Archivio  del  Collegio  di  Propaganda,  at  Rome  [Stiidi,  11,  no. 
446). 

A  Portuguese  atlas  in  the  Royal  archives  at  Florence,  showing  no. 
17.  Acadia;  18,  Cape  Cod  to  the  Gulf  of  Mexico;  19,  Gulf  of  Mexico; 
20.  Antilles;  21-24,  South  American  coasts  {Studi,  11,  no.  451). 

An  atlas  of  the  first  half  of  the  century,  in  the  Biblioteca  Angelica 
at  Rome,  which  has  several  maps  of  America  {Studi,  11,  p.  136). 

An  atlas  in  the  Archivio  del  Collegio  di  Propaganda,  with  a  map 
showing  the  east  coast  of  America  {Studi,  ir,  p.  160;  Bu/t.  delasoc.  de 
geog.,  1847,  VII,  308).  Also  in  the  same  place  a  Carta  nautica,  show- 
ing a  large  part  of  America  {Studi,  11,  p.  160;  Bull.,  etc.,  vii,  313). 

An  anonymous  atlas  in  the  Biblioteca  Comunale  at  Fermo  {Studi,  11, 
p.  162). 

An  anonymous  atlas  in  the  ]Museo  Civico  at  Venice,  giving  the 
northeast  parts  of  America  {Studi,  11,  p.  163),  and  another  (p.  165) 
showing  the  western  hemisphere. 

A  globe  in  the  Biblioteca  ]Marciana  at  Venice  {Studi,  il,  p.  164). 

An  anonymous  atlas  in  the  Biblioteca  Ambrosiana  at  Milan,  showing 
the  ea.st  and  west  coasts  of  America  {Studi,  11,  p.  168). 

An  anonymous  Carta  nautica,  preser\'ed  at  Milan,  showing  the 
American  coasts  of  the  Atlantic  {Studi,  11,  p.  170). 

An  atlas  of  Antonio  Millo,  preserved  in  the  Biblioteca  Vittorio  Eman- 
uele  at  Rome,  showing  the  two  Americas  {Studi,  11,  p.  174). 

An  anonymous  Spanish  planisphere  of  the  beginning  of  the  century, 
preserved  in  the  Royal  library  at  Turin,  which  shows  the  coasts  of 
Mexico  and  the  northern  parts  of  South  America  {Studi,  il,  no.  406). 

An  atlas  of  Francesco  GLsalfo  of  Genoa  with  a  mappemonde,  pre- 
served in  the  Biblioteca  Riccardiana  at  I''lorence  {Studi,  11,  169);  an 
anonymous  atlas  in  the  same  library,  which  shows  the  east  and  west 
coasts  of  America  {Studi,  u,  p.  172);  and  a  Portuguese  atlas,  .showing: 
no.  19,  Canada;  2u,  Florida;  21,  Peru;  22,  Venezuela;  23-26,  South 
America  {Studi,  11,  no.  452).  Several  of  the  maps  in  the  Riccardi 
palace  have  been  shown  in  thc/a/irbue/i  des  I'ereins  fiir  Iirdkunde  i>i 
Dresden,  1870.     Cf.  Winsor,  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy,  sub  1561. 

A  Portuguese  planisphere  of  the  end  of  the  century,  .showing  the 
western  hemisphere.  It  is  ])reserved  in  the  Biblioteca  Vallichelliana 
at  Rome  [Studi,  11,  no.  450). 


46  KoJiI  Collection 

Kohl  refers  to  a  "^veltkarte"'  of  the  middle  of  the  sixteenth 
century,  which  is  given  in  the  Mhnoircs  de  lasocii'tc  de  Nancy,  i<S.32. 

—  A.  D.  i55^>-53- 

Two  portalanos  of  Pierre  Desceliers,  one  in  the  British  Museum, 
and  the  other  at  Vienna.  Cf.  Brit.  Mas.  Cat.  of  3TSS.,  no.  24065; 
Harrisse,  Cahots,  230;  Bull,  de  la  Soc.  de  Geog.  de  Paris,  Sept.  1852 
and  Sept.  1856. 

A  :MS.  parchment  chart  (1550)  of  Diego  Gutierres  in  the  Depot  des 
cartes  de  la  Marine  at  Paris. 

62.  A.  D.  1551.     The  world  by  Apian. 

The  original  is  an  engraved  "  charta  cosmographica  "  in  the  Cosino- 
graphia  of  Petrus  Apianus,  published  at  Paris  in  155 1,  with  additions 
by  Gemma  Frisius.  The  map  is  not  in  the  Antwerp  edition  of  1541, 
and  differs  from  the  one  there  given.  North  America  is  a  narrow 
continental  land,  north  of  which  Asia  and  Europe  unite.  See  notes 
on  the  bibliography  of  Apian  in  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America, 
vol.  II. 

63.  A.  D.  155-?     The  world  by  Martines  (?). 

The  original  is  a  planisphere  from  a  MS.  atlas,  whose  names  are 
mostly  Italian  with  some  Spanish  ones,  which  formerly  belonged  to 
the  Duke  de  Cassano  Serra,  and  is  now  in  the  British  Museum.  Kohl 
finds  its  American  portion  to  correspond  closely  with  a  map  of  Joan- 
nes Martines  of  1578  in  the  British  Museum,  and  supposes  this  to  be 
by  him  also.  The  later  map  has  meridians  of  longitude,  which  this 
has  not.  South  America  is  called  "Peru  "  in  this  map,  but  "America" 
in  the  later  one.  The  general  outline  of  the  new  world  resembles 
that  of  Porccachi's  maps.  The  huge  antarctic  continent  so  common 
in  maps  of  this  time,  is  shown. 

—  A.  D.  1552. 

Miinster's  maps  in  the  Basle  Ptolemy  of  this  year,  repeated  from 
the  editions  of  1540-42-45. 

—  A.  D.  c.  1553. 

A  parchment  planisphere  in  the  Depot  des  Cartes  de  la  Marine  at 
Paris.     Harrisse,  Cabots,  238. 

64.  A.  D.  1554.     America  by  Bollero. 

The  original  is  a  small  woodcut, — called  "  Brevis  exactaque  totius 
novi  orbis  ejusque  insularum  descriptio  recens — Joan  Bollero  edita," 
— which  appears  in  various  publications  of  about  this  time,  including 
Gomara's  Historia  general  de  las  Indias,  to  which  Kohl  credits  it. 
The  coasts  north  of  ^Mexico  and  Labrador  are  wanting.  Cf.  Uricoechea, 
Mapoteca  Colombiana,  no.  12,  and  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy,  sub 
1561. 


Maps  Relating  to  A))ierica  47 

-  A.  D.  i5o^. 

An  atla.s  by  Baptista  Agnese  in  the  Biblioteca  Marciana  at  Venice 
{Studibiog.  e  bibliog.,  11.  p.  139).  This  was  issued  in  photographic 
facsimile  at  Venice  in  i88r.  Cf.  Winsor's  Bib/iog.  of  Ptolemy,  sub 
1561,  for  other  maps  of  Agnese  of  about  this  time. 

A  map  of  Andre  Thevet,  cited  by  D'Avezac,  Sur  la  projection  des 
Cartes,  Paris,  1863,  p.  73. 

A  map  of  the  world  by  Framezini,  engraved  by  Julius  de  ]\Iusis. 

65.  A.  D.  1555.     The  world. 

The  world  on  an  elliptical  projection,  copied  from  the  map  in  the 
Basle,  1555,  edition  of  Gr3-naeus,  in  the  Grenville  copy  in  the  British 
Museum.  It  resembles  map  no.  49  {ante);  and  had  earlier  appeared 
in  the  1537  edition  of  the  Novus  Orbis. 

—  A.  D.  1555. 

A  portolano  bj-  Le  Testu  in  the  French  ministry  of  war.  Cf.  Win- 
sor's Bibliog.  of  Ptoteniy,  sub  1561. 

66.  A.  I).  1556.     America,  in  Ramusio,  vol.  iii. 

The  original  was  made  for  Ramusio  by  Gastaldi  (about  1550)  from 
material  gathered  by  Oviedo,  and  sent  to  Ramu.sio  by  the  Florentine 
Hieronimo  Fracastoro.  It  is  called:  "  Universale  della  parte  del 
mondo  nuovamente  ritrovata."  Ramusio  dates  the  introduction  to 
this  volume  in  1553,  which  may  perhaps  indicate  the  date  of  the  map; 
and  the  material  upon  which  it  was  founded  would  seem  to  include 
results  of  Cabrillo's  explorations  on  the  California  coa.st  in  1542-43. 

The  maps  of  the  new  world,  both  in  this  edition,  and  in  that  of 
1565,  are:  i.  New  world;  2,  Temistitan  (Mexico);  3,  Cusco  in  Peru; 
4,  New  PVance  and  Newfoundland;  5,  east  part  of  Brazil;  6,  part  of 
America;  7,  Taprobano;  8,  Hochelaga, — a  bird's-eye  view  of  an  Indian 
camp. 

—  A.  I).  1556. 

Vopellio's  cordiform  mappemonde  in  Girava's  Cosmograpliia, 
Milan.  There  is  a  facsimile  of  it  published  by  Henry  Stevens.  It  is 
sometimes  found  in  the  1570  edition  of  Girava,  which  is  the  1556  edi- 
tion with  a  new  title. 

-  A.  D.  155H-H0. 

Atlas  of  Bertelli  e  Forlani,  publi.shed  at  Rome,  containing  maps  of 
North  and  South  America.  Cf.  Sabin's  Dictionary,  11,  5000.  .See 
no.  69.  What  is  called  Lafreri's  Roman  atlas,  Tavote  iiiodernc  di 
Geografia,  is  .sometimes  given  as  ptiblished  at  Rome  and  Venice, 
1554-72.  Forlani's  map,  Universale  l^escrittionc,  is  cited  as  of  1565, 
1570,  etc.     Cf.  Thomassy,  Lcs  Papes  gcographcs,  p.  118. 


48  Kohl  CoUectio7i 

67.  A.  D.  155S.     America  by  Homem. 

The  original  is  a  MS.  map  by  Diego  Homem  in  the  British  Museum, 
a  part  of  a  large  general  atlas  by  this  Portuguese  chart -maker,  who 
inscribes  it:  "Diegus  Homem  cosmographus  fecit  hoc  opus  anno 
salutis,  1558."  The  words  "mundus  novus"  are  in  a  scroll  on  South 
America;  but  "America"  in  small  letters  is  on  the  region  north  of  the 
Amazon,  which  runs  a  general  easterly  course.  The  coast  of  Chili 
and  the  western  coast  of  Patagonia  are  indicated  by  a  dotted  line. 
The  California  coast  is  carried  a  short  distance  above  the  peninsula  of 
California.  The  Bay  of  Fundy  runs  nearly  north.  The  St.  Lawrence 
is  broadened  into  a  sea  of  uncertain  limits.  Cf.  Brit.  Miis.  Cat.  of 
Jl/S.  luaps,  1S44,  vol.  I.  p.  27;  Harrisse,  Cabots,  p.  243;  and  further  on 
atlases  of  this  time  by  Homem  in  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy,  sub 
1561. 

—  A.  D.  1559. 

Harrisse,  Cabots,  p.  244,  cites  a  mappemonde  of  Andreas  Homo,  pre- 
served in  the  Ministry  of  Foreign  Affairs  at  Paris. 

68.  A.  D.  1560.     America  by  Nicollo  del  Dolfinatto. 

The  original  is  an  engraved  map  belonging  to  the  Navigationi  del 
tnondo  novo,  published  in  Venice  in  1560,  and  is  inscribed:  "Opera 
di  M.  Nicolle  del  Delfinatto,  Cosmografo  del  Christianissimo  Re." 
Kohl  points  out  its  resemblance  to  a  map  edited  by  Forlani  and  made 
by  Gastaldi  in  1560,  though  it  shows  less,  but  on  a  large  scale.  It 
shows  from  Labrador  to  15°  below  the  equator  on  the  east  coast;  and 
omits  all  north  of  Mexico  on  the  west  coast.  Both  this  and  Forlani's 
were  published  by  the  same  publisher  in  Venice. 

69.  A.  D.  1560.     The  new  world  by  Gastaldi  and  Forlani. 

An  engraved  map  ( in  the  British  Museum )  inscribed :  ' '  Paulus  de 
Furlanis  Veronensis  opus  hoc  ex™'  Cosmographi  D°'  Jacobi  Gastaldi, 
Pedemontani  instauravit.  .  .  .  Venetiis,  Joann  Francisci  Camotii 
aereis  formis.   .   .   .  Anno  MDLX." 

North  America  is  connected  with  Asia;  the  North  Pacific  extending 
only  to  the  40°  N.  Lat.  The  Amazon  runs  north.  The  La  Plata  is 
not  developed.     A  polar  sea  is  north  of  Labrador. 

The  map  was  again  issued  unchanged,  by  Forlani  in  1576. 

—  A.  D.  1560. 

A  small  globe  in  the  mathematical  salon  at  Dresden.  Cf.  Wieser's 
Magalhdes-strasse ,  p.  70,  where  one  by  Johannes  Praetorius  is  referred 
to,  as  being  in  the  same  place,  and  assigned  to  1568. 

—  A.  D.  1561. 

A  map  by  Girolamo  Ruscelli  in  the  edition  of  Ptolemy,  published 
at  Venice.     The  coasts  of  California  and  Chili  are  left  uncertain.    The 


Maps  Relating  to  America  49 

same  book  has  several  sectional  maps  of  America.  These  maps  were 
repeated  in  the  Ptolemies  of  1562,  1564,  and  1574. 

An  atlas  of  Bartolomeo  Olives  di  Majorca  in  the  Royal  archives  at 
Naples,  nos.  2  and  3,  showing  parts  of  North  America  and  the  Antilles. 
Cf.  Stndi  biog.  e  bibliog.,  11  ,nb.  428. 

An  improved  map  in  Honter's  De  Cosniographice  rudimentis,  pub- 
lished at  Basle. 

—  A.  D.  1662. 

A  map  of  the  younger  Diego  Gutierres.     Harrisse,  Cabots,  p.  152. 

—  A.  D.  1562-1566. 

Carta  nautica  of  Paolo  Forlani  in  the  National  library  at  Paris.  It 
is  figured  in  Santarem's  Atlas.  Cf.  Btitl.  de  la  soc.  de  geog.  de  Paris, 
1839;  Studi  biog.  e  bibliog.,  11,  p.  142. 

The  catalogue  of  the  King's  maps  in  the  British  Museum  puts  a 
map  of  Forlani  under  1562.     Cf .  Thomassy,  Les  Papes  geographes,  118. 

—  A.  D.  1563. 

Atlas  of  Giorgio  Sideri  detto  Callapoda  di  Candia,  containing  ten 
maps,  one  showing  the  two  hemispheres,  and  another,  America.  It 
is  in  the  Biblioteca  Marciana  at  Venice.     Cf.  Studi,  etc.,  11,  no.  433. 

—  A.  D.  1564. 

An  atlas  of  Baptista  Agnese,  dated  May  25,  1564,  referred  to  in  Brit. 
Mus.  Cat.  of  MSS.,  no.  25442;  and  another  in  the  Biblioteca  Marci- 
ana. Cf.  Harrisse,  Cabots,  189.  There  are  various  undated  atlases 
of  Agnese,  mentioned  in  Winsor's   Bibliog.  0/  Ptolemy,  sub  1597. 

—  A.  D.  1566. 

An  engraved  map  of  Zaltiere  or  Zalterius  of  Bologna,  measuring 
15^  X  10 '.^  inches,  called  the  earliest  map  to  show  the  straits  of  Anian. 
Cf.  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv,  p.  93. 

A  brass  globe  in  the  town  library  at  Nuremberg  by  Johannes  Prae- 
torius.     Cf.  Ghillany's  Beliaim,  p.  60. 

A  MS.  map  by  Des  Liens  of  Dieppe  in  the  National  library  at 
Paris.     Cf.    Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv,  78. 

An  engraved  map  of  Johannes  Paulus  Cimberlinus  of  Verona,  show- 
ing North  America  as  a  part  of  Asia.     Mr.  Brevoort  has  a  copy. 

—  A.  D.  1567. 

An  atlas  of  this  date  Is  quoted  by  Santarem  as  being  in  the  Ternaux 
bibliotheque.  Cf.  Bull,  de  la  Soc.  de  Geog.  de  Paris,  1837  (viii.),  p. 
175.     It  shows  the  new  world. 

70.  A.  D.  1568.     America  by  Homem. 

The  original  is  a  MS.  map  in  the  Royal  library  at  Dresden,  purport- 
ing to  be  by  "Diegus  cosnjographus, "  a  Portuguese  living  in  Venice 
1 1 606 — 04 4 


50  KoJil  Collection 

in  1568.  Kohl  identifies  him  with  Diego  Homeni,  and  traces  the 
resemblance  of  this  map  to  Homem's  map  of  1558  (no.  67  ante).  This 
map  has  a  northern  coast  of  North  America  drawn  in,  which  that  of 
1558  did  not  have. 

The  La  Plata  river  is  made  something  like  an  interior  sea,  with 
islands,  and  has  a  small  channel  connecting  with  the  ocean  on  the 
northern  coast  of  Brazil. 

71.  A.  1).  .     The  world. 

A  map  in  a  double-cordiform  projection,  following  an  engraved 
original  in  the  British  Museum.  Its  only  inscription  is  "Ant.  Sal. 
exc.  Romae."  A  legend  on  it  speaks  of  America  being  better  drawn 
than  in  other  contemporary  maps. 

Northern  Asia  extends  in  a  peninsular  shape  round  the  north  pole, 
with  "  Groelandia  "  as  a  subordinate  peninsula.  The  "  Baccalearum 
regio"  has  a  group  of  islands  lying  east  of  it,  called  "  Insule  Corte- 
realis."  A  "  Fretum  arcticum  "  separates  this  from  the  polar  land. 
The  Amazon  discovered  in  1542  is  left  out.  The  Chilian  coast  is 
' '  Littora  incognita. ' ' 

It  is  sometimes  assigned  to  about  the  year  1540. 

—  A.  D.  1569. 

The  great  mappemonde  of  Gerard  Mercator.  Cf .  references  in  N^ar. 
and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America.,  iv,  369;  and  in  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of 
Ptolemy^  sub  1597. 

72.  A.  D.  1570.     America  by  Ortelius. 

Engraved  map  in  the  first  edition  of  the  Theatrum  Orbis  Terra- 
rum,  of  Abraham  Ortelius,  the  most  learned  geographer  of  his  time. 
He  gives  in  his  text  accompanying  the  map  about  twenty  Spanish, 
Italian,  German,  and  French  authorities  for  his  sources, — most  of 
which  he  might  have  found  in  Ramusio,  though  his  map  is  far  in 
advance  of  that  presented  by  Ramusio.  This  delineation  of  Ortelius 
with  that  of  Mercator,  may  be  said  to  have  established  a  type  for  the 
contour  of  the  Americas,  which  long  prevailed.  For  various  subse- 
quent i.ssues  see  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iii,  34;  iv,  369. 

Reference  may  be  made  to  a  globe  of  this  date  by  Francisco  Basso, 
a  Milanese;  and  a  MS.  map  by  Jehan  Cossin  of  Dieppe,  in  the 
National  library  at  Paris.     Harrisse,  Cabots,  217. 

—  A.  D.  1572. 

The  mappemonde  in  Porcacchi's  L^  I  sole  piu  famose  del  mondo, 
published  at  Venice,  repeated  in  later  editions,  1576,  1590,  etc.  One 
of  them  is  given,  in  facsimile  in  Stevens's  Notes,  etc. 

—  A.  D.  1573- 

Lelewel.  Moycn  age,  vol.  i,  pi.  7,  cites  a  "Orbis  terrarum  a  hydro- 
grapho  Hispano  in  piano  delineatio." 


Maps  Relating  to  America  51 

—  A.  D.  1574- 

Two  maps  of  the  western  hemisphere  (one  dated  1574)  in  the 
Theatri  Orbis  Terrariitn  Enc/iiridion  of  PhiHppus  Galaeus,  "per 
Hugonem  Favolium  illustratum,"  published  at  Antwerp  in  1585. 

73.  A.  D.  1575.     America  by  Thevet. 

An  engraved  map,  according  to  Kohl,  in  Thevefs  La  France 
Antarctiqicc  (Brazil  about  Rio  Janeiro),  published  in  1575  and  1581. 
The  map  is  called  "  L,e  nouveau  monde  decouvert  et  illustre  de  nostra 
Temps,"  and  though  Thevet  professes  that  he  based  it  on  new  ma- 
terial, it  is  largely  a  copy  of  Ortelius,  with  a  more  profuse  ramification, 
to  the  rivers  of  which  Thevet  probably  had  no  further  information 
than  Ortelius  had;  but  he  gives  some  French  names,  which  Ortelius 
does  not  give.  He  goes  a  little  farther  north  than  Ortelius.  There 
was  also  a  map  in  Thevet's  Cosmographia. 

Cf.  a  map  in  Belleforest's  Cosmographia. 

74.  A.  D.  1576.     The  world  by  Sir  Humphrey  Gilbert. 

An  engraved  cordiform  map  in  QAVaexV ?>  Discourse  of  a  Discovery 
for  a  neiv  passage  to  Cataia,  London,  1576,  where  the  chart  is  called 
"A  general  map  made  onelye  for  the  particular  declaration  of  this 
discovery."  The  map  is  similar  in  aspect  toApian's  (no.  62),  but  the 
northern  waters  of  America  are  different,  in  orderto  illustrate  Gilbert's 
views,  according  more  with  Homem's  in  making  open  water  west  of 
L,abrador  and  neighboring  parts,  which  are  made  islands.  There  is  a 
facsimile  in  the  Aar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iii,  ch.  6. 

Wieser  in  his  Magalhdez-Strasse,  p.  72,  refers  to  an  erd-globus  of 
Apian  preserved  in  the  Hof  bibliothek  at  Munich. 

75.  A.  U.  1578.     The  world  by  Martines. 

A  MS.  map  in  the  British  Mu.seum,  marked:  "Joan.  Martines  en 
Messina,  ani,  1578."  It  is  of  a  double  hemispherical  projection,  and 
in  outline  America  is  of  the  Ortelius  type,  though  very  different  in  the 
region  of  the  St.  Lawrence. 

The  British  Museum  Catalogue  of  MS.  maps,  i,  p.  29,  show.s  the 
Martines  atlas  to  contain  various  American  maps:  i,  the  world;  2,  the 
two  hemispheres;  3,  the  world  in  gores;  10,  west  coast  of  America; 
II,  coa.st  of  Mexico;  12,  13,  South  America;  14,  Gulf  of  Mexico; 
15,  part  of  east  coast  of  North  America. 

76.  A.  I).  1578. 

A  duplicate  of  no.  75. — less  perfect. 

77.  A.  I).  1578.     The  world  by  Martines. 

A  MS.  map,  smaller  than  nos.  75  and  76,  likewise  in  the  British 
Museum,  and  differing  in  parts  from  that  map,  particularly  in  the 
St.  Lawrence  region;  and  in  making  the  .\mazon  a  long  river,  rising 


52  Kohl  Collection 

in  Patagonia,  while  in  the  other  map  it  has  a  short  course  and  is  all 
north  of  the  La  Plata.  The  mountain  ranges  in  both  Americas  stretch 
east  and  west. 

The  British  Mu.seum  MSS.,  no.  22018,  is  a  portolano  of  Martines, 
dated  1579.  The  Brit.  3lus.  Cat.  of  MS.  maps,  1844,  i.  31,  gives  a  map 
of  the  world  by  Martines  {sub  anno  1582).  The  South  American  part 
is  facsimiled  in  colors  in  Bibliophile  Jacob's  Moyen  Age. 

78.  A.  D.  1578.  The  world  by  Frobisher. 

An  engraved  sketch  in  Best's  True  Discourse,  regarding  Frobisher's 
vo\-age,  showing  that  commander's  view  of  a  passage,  called  after 
him.self,  connectingthe  Atlantic  with  the  Straits  of  Anian.  The  coasts 
discovered  since  Ptolemy's  time  are  drawn  in  pricked  lines.  Cf.  Col- 
linson's  Frobis/ter,  and  Aar.  atid  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iii,  ch.  3. 

There  is  a  mappemonde  in  the  Speculum  Orbis  terrarum  of  Cellarius. 

—  A.  D.  15S2. 

An  elliptical  mappemonde  in  Popelliniere's  Tfvis  mondes.  It  is  of 
the  Ortelius  and  Mercator  type. 

A  mappemonde  by  A.  Millo  is  numbered  27470  in  the  Brit.  Mus.  MSS. 

-  A.  D.  1583. 

Map  in  the  edition  of  this  year  of  Reisch's  Margaritha  philosophica, 
published  at  Basle.     Cf.  Uricoechea,  Map.  Colomb.,  no.  15. 

79.  A.  D.  1587.     The  world  by  Myritius. 

An  engraved  map  in  the  Opusculum  geographicurn  rariim  per 
Joannem  Myritiuni  Meliteusem.  Itigotstad:  i  anno  MDCCCC.'\  the 
map  being  called  "Universalis  orbis  descriptio. "  Myritius  was  a 
knight  of  Malta,  and  dates  his  preface  in  1587,  when  Kohl  conjectures 
his  map  (of  which  he  gives  no  account)  may  have  been  made. 

The  map  makes  North  America  a  part  of  Asia,  resembling  in  this 
respect  that  of  Forlani  of  1560. 

Reference  may  be  made  under  this  date  to  the  map  in  Hakluyt's 
edition  of  Peter  Martyr,  published  in  Paris.  There  is  a  facsimile  in 
Stevens's  Notes,  &c.;  and  a  sketch  in  the  A^ar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of 
America,  in,  p.  42. 

The  map  in  the  Ortelius  of  this  year  was  repeated  in  the  edition  of 
1598.     Uricoechea,  no.  16. 

80.  A.  D.  15S9.     The  world  by  Hakluyt. 

An  engraved  map  in  Hakluyt's  Principall  Navigations,  London, 
1589.  Kohl  points  out  how  South  America  is  improved  over  Ortelius's 
delineation;  but  he  remarks  as  singular,  that  Drake  and  New  Albion, 
Raleigh  and  Virginia,  with  Frobisher  and  his  straits  should  be  ignored 
in  North  America  by  an  English  authority.  There  is  also  no  trace  of 
Drake  in  the  regions  about  Magellan's  Straits, — the  Spanish  authori- 
ties seemingly  furnishing  all  the  information  Hakluyt  had.  He  calls 
North  America,  "America  sive  India  nova." 


Maps  Relating  to  America  53 

81.  A   D.  1589. 

A  duplicate  of  no.  80, — less  perfect. 

82.  A.  I).  1589.     The  world  by  Hondius. 

An  engraved  map,  on  which  a  statement  that  it  is  intended  to  show 
the  tracks  of  Drake  and  Cavendish,  is  signed  by  Jodicus  Hondius, 
1589.  The  circumnavigations  of  these  two  English  explorers  are 
marked  by  pricked  lines;  and  in  one  corner  a  small  sketch  of  Drake's 
harbor  on  the  California  coast,  "Tortus  novie  Albionis,"  is  made. 
Tierra  del  Fuego  is  made  a  group  of  islands  for  the  first  time,  while 
the  great  antarctic  continent  is  contracted  on  this  side  nearer  the 
southern  pole,  though  it  is  made  to  extend  as  far  as  the  tropic  of 
Capricorn  on  the  other  side  of  the  globe.  In  an  inscription  referring 
to  the  Tierra  del  Fuego  group  Hondius  remarks  that  Cavendish  and 
the  Spaniards  do  not  accept  Drake's  views,  making  a  continent  the 
southern  boundary-  of  the  Straits  of  IMagellan;  and  on  later  maps 
Hondius  seems  to  have  accepted  these  other  views.  Cf.  Uricoechea, 
no.  25. 

83.  A.  D    1589.     America  by  Cornelius  Judseus. 

The  western  portion  of  a  map  called:  "Totius  orbis  cogniti  univer- 
salis descriptio.  Corn.  Judaeus.  Antuerpia.  Pridie  Cal.  Nov.  A.  1589, 
fecit."  It  follows  the  Ortelius  and  Mercator  type;  and  it  particularly 
resembles  the  Mercator  map  of  1587.  It  has  the  usual  antarctic 
continent. 

Cf.  a  map  of  Judaeus  in  his  Speculum  orbis  tcrrae,  1593. 

—  A.  I).  1592. 

The  Molineaux  globe  preserved  in  the  Middle  Temple,  London. 

—  A.  D.  1593. 

^lap  resembling  the  Ortelius  type  in  the  HistoriariDii  Indicariini 
lihri  Xi'i.  of  MaflFeius.     Cf.  Uricoechea,  no.  19. 

84.  .\.  I).  1594.     America  by  Peter  Plancius. 

An  engraved  map  entitled:  "  Orbis  terrarum  typus  de  integro  multis 
in  locis  emendatior  auctore  Petro  Plancio,  1594."  Kohl  points  out  its 
resemblance  to  Hakluyt's  map  of  1589.  Plancius  gives  the  four  large 
islands  about  the  north  pole,  which  Purchas  says  were  invented  by 
Mercator.  There  are  indications  of  I'robi.sher's  Voyage  ;  but  none  of 
Drake's.  Kohl  thinks  that  Plancius  had  S])anish  and  Portuguese 
originals,  which  are  unknown  to  us,  and  which  he  used  to  advantage 
in  drawing  the  interior  parts  of  vSouth  America. 

The  map  is  found  in  the  Dutch  edition  of  Linschoten,  1596.  Blun- 
devile,  in  his  /ixcrciscs,  speaks  of  a  Plancius  map  "  latel,\  i)ut  forth 
in  the  yeere  of  our  lord,  1592."  The  same  map  re-engraved,  but  not 
credited  to  Plancius  is  in  the   Latin    Linschoten,  1599.     The  luiglish 


54  KoJiI  Collection 

Linsclioten  of  1598  has  the  map  of  the  Hakhiyt  of  1589,  re-engraved 
from  Ortelius. 

Under  this  year  also,  we  must  put  I)e  Rry's  maps  of  the  world,  of 
this  and  later  dates;  contained  in  the  (ireat  I'oyagcs,  parts  iv.  and  xii. 

Cf.  also  a  map  of  the  world  by  Quadus. 

Santarem  cites  as  in  the  Propaganda  at  Rome  a  portolano  of  Jean 
Oliva,  the  sixth  of  whose  maps  is  a  planisphere  showing  the  Straits 
of  Magellan.  Cf.  Bull,  de  la  Soc.  dc  Geog.  (1847),  vii,  308,  where  is 
also  as  no.  xii,  another  portolano  of  the  sixteenth  century,  without 
name  or  date,  but  showing  on  one  of  its  maps  the  eastern  coast  of 
America;  and  again,  p.  313,  still  another  of  the  same  century. 

—  A.  D.  1595-98. 

The  map  in  Giovanni  Botero's  Rclationi  universalis  Venice,  1595, 
and  later.  Cf.  O'  Callaghan  Catalogue,  nos.  339,  340;  Sabin's  Diction- 
ary, II.  6799;  Rich  (1S32),  no.  96.  There  was  a  later  edition  in  i'^o3; 
Relaciones  utiiversales  del  iMicjido,  published  at  Valladolid,  which 
contains  both  a  map  of  the  world,  and  one  of  the  two  Americas. 

—  A.  D.  1595. 

A  Dutch  map  of  the  world  by  Loew. 

—  A.  I).  1596. 

The  maps  in  the  edition  of  Ptolemy,  printed  at  Venice,  and  repeated 
in  editions  under  date  of  1597,  1608  and  1617. 

85.  A.  D.  1597.     The  world  by  Porro. 

A  small  engraved  map,  marked  "Universi  orbis  descriptio  a  Hiero- 
nymo  Porro  Pativino  incisa."  It  is  of  the  Mercator  type;  and  hav- 
ing been  first  printed  separately,  was  later  published  in  an  edition  of 
Ptolemy  at  Cologne  in  1597,  and  in  another  at  Venice  in  1598.  Amer- 
ica is  called  "Ameria,  sive  India  nova."  There  is  the  usual  Southern 
polar  continent.  This  and  other  maps  showing  America  are  numbered 
2,  29,  34,  and  35  in  the  Ptolemy  of  1597. 

Under  this  date  also,  is  a  map  of  the  Ortelius  type  in  Wytfliet's  con- 
tinuation of  Ptolemy.  There  is  a  facsimile  of  it  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit. 
Hist,  of  America,  vol.  11. 

The  globe  of  Hondius,  embodying  discoveries  in  America. 

The  map  in  Magninus's  Geographia. 

86.  A.  D.  1598.     The  world  by  Molineaux. 

An  engraved  map,  belonging,  as  Kohl  asserts,  to  the  1598  edition  of 
Hakluyt,  but  rarely  found  in  it.  The  facsimile  of  it  issued  by  the 
Hakluyt  society  in  1880,  is  dated  1600.  Kohl  refers  to  Hakluyt's 
promise  in  the  1589  edition  to  give  a  map  by  Molineaux,  and  traces 
the  correspondences  in  this  map  to  the  globe  in  the  Middle  Temple, 
a.ssigned  to  Molineaux.  The  map  is  an  attempt  to  carry  out  some 
geographical  problems  on  theoretical  grounds,  as  compare  his  treat- 


Maps  Relating  to  America  55 

ment  of  the  St.  L,a\vrence  and  the  Lakes.  The  Cahfornia  coast  is  not 
carried  north  of  Drake's  New  Albion.  He  omits  the  antarctic  conti- 
nent and  IMercator's  arctic  islands,  and  the  northern  coasts  of  Amer- 
ica and  Asia.  He  ignores  the  usual  fabulous  Atlantic  islands,  except 
Frisland,  which  he  puts  southwest  of  Iceland.  He  makes  an  insular 
group  of  Tierra  del  Fuego,  and  removes  the  protuberant  part  of  the 
contour  of  the  Chilian  coast,  as  represented  by  Mercator  and  Ortelius; 
though  he  preserves  a  smaller  projection  nearer  the  Straits  of  Magel- 
lan. In  this  he  assigns  the  explorations  of  Drake  in  1577  and  of 
Sanniento  and  Cavendish  in  1587,  as  authorities.  Contrary  to  most 
maps  of  the  time  he  makes  the  Pacific  in  lat.  38°,  1200  leagues  wide, 
and  the  distance  from  Cape  St.  Lucas  to  Cape  Mendocino  600  leagues. 
A  map  of  the  Ortelius  type  is  in  Miinster's  Cosmographia.  The 
Italian  Ortelius  of  this  year,  //  theatro  del  ilfotido,  published  at  Brescia, 
has  three  maps  showing  America,  pp.    i,  3  and  11. 

86  A.  D.  1599. 
A  portolano  of  G.  Oliva.     Brit.  3Ius.  MSS.,  no.  24943. 

87.  A.  D.  1600  (?)     Spanish  map  of  America. 

An  engraved  map  in  the  British  Museum,  published  about  1600, 
and  showing  the  Ortelius  and  Mercator  type,  but  more  closely  resem- 
bling that  of  Ortelius  (1570).  It  has  the  great  southern  continent. 
Kohl  says  that  the  British  Museum  Catalogue  says  it  was  published  in 
Madrid;  but  he  has  doubts,  and  thinks  if  so,  that  the  editing  was 
not  done  by  a  native  Spaniard;  and  he  is  inclined  to  place  it  several 
years  earlier  than  1600. 

A  map,  based  on  Wytfiiet,  in  the  America  sive  noviis  orbis  of  Me- 
tellus,  was  published  at  Cologne,  in  this  year.     Uricoechea,  no.  24. 

88.  A.  D.  1601.     America  by  Herrera. 

Ad  engraved  map  in  the  1601  edition  of  Herrera's  Descripcion  dc  tas 
Indias.  It  shows  the  line  of  demarcation,  on  both  sides  of  the  globe, 
in  accordance  with  Spanish  views.  A  distinguishing  feature  is  the 
great  width  of  the  northern  Pacific.  It  was  reproduced  in  the  edition 
of  1622;  and  in  the  Torquemada  of  1723  with  .some  changes. 

—  A.  D.  1602. 

Gabriel  Talton's  chart  showing  the  east  coast  of  the  two  Americas, 
preserved  in  the  National  Library  at  Florence.     Cf.  Stiidi,  etc.,  11,  no. 

453- 

Giovanni  Costo's  jjlanisphere  of  the  old  and  new  world,  given  by 
M.  Canale  to  Edw.  Lester,  I'.  vS.  Consul  at  Genoa,  in  1844.  Cf.  Sfndi, 
etc.,  11,  p.  181. 

89.  A.  D.  r6<j6.     The  world  by  Cespedes. 

An  engraved  niaj)  in  Cespedes's  Rcginiicuto  de  Navigaciou,  Madrid, 
1606.  It  is  of  small  size,  as  were  all  the  ma])s  of  the  new  world  ])ub- 
lished  in  Sjiain.      It   resetnbles   no.  8S,  and    ignores  the   Ivnglish    and 


56  KoJil  Collection 

French  discoveries  in  North  America.  The  western  line  of  demarca- 
tion corresponds  to  Herrera;  the  eastern  is  more  favorable  to  Portugal. 
The  northern  shores  of  America  and  Asia  are  but  vaguely  sketched. 

89  A.  I).  1608. 

]Map  in  Gotardus  Arthus's  Historia  India'  orientalis^  published  at 
Cologne.     Uricoechea,  no.  26. 

90.  A.  I).  1613.     The  world  by  Oliva. 

From  a  MS.  portolano  preserved  in  the  Egerton  MSS.  in  the  British 
Museum.  The  general  map  is  called  "Typus  orbis  terrarum."  It  is 
inscribed  "Joannes  Oliva  fecit  in  civitate  Marsillias,  Alio  1613."  It 
has  most  of  the  points  of  Hakluyt's  map;  but  gives  South  America 
better.  It  has  the  usual  arctic  islands  and  antarctic  continent  of  this 
period.  The  language  of  its  names  is  Italian,  occasionally  Latin. 
The  Catalogue  of  MS.  maps,  Brit.  Mus.,  1844,  i,  33,  shows  this  por- 
tolano to  contain  maps  of  the  east  coast  of  North  America,  of  the  West 
Indies,  and  of  South  America. 

The  Brit.  Mus.  MSS.,  25714,  is  a  map  of  the  world  by  Oliva,  put 
under  1609. 

Maps  of  the  world,  and  of  America  in  the  Detectionis  Freti  of 
Hudson,  edited  by  H.  Gerritz. 

A  map  of  America  by  Michael  Mercator  in  the  1613  edition  of  Mer- 
cator's  ^'Itlas. 

—  A.  D.  1620. 

An  atlas  by  Salvatore  Oliva  in  the  Biblioteca  Laurenziana,  Florence, 
showing  the  two  Americas.     Cf.  Studi,  &c.,  11,  p.  186. 

—  A.  D.  1625. 

Hondius's  map  of  the  two  Americas  in  Purchas's  Pilgrimes,  iii,  857. 

—  A.  I).  1626. 

The  map  in  John  Speed's  Prospect,  engraved  by  Abraham  Goos. 

91.  A.  I).  1628.     The  world  (Drake's  Voyage). 

An  engraved  map  of  small  size  for  The  World  encompassed  by  Sit 
Francis  Dralie,  London,  1628.  The  southern  continent  is  called 
"Magallanica."     California  is  an  island. 

The  map  is  by  Jodocus  Hondius,  and  is  reproduced  in  the  Hakluyt 
Society's  ed.  of  The  World  encompassed.  Cf.  the  Hondius  map  in 
the  1613  ed.  of  Mercator's  Atlas.     Cf.  Uricoechea,  nos.  29,  30. 

92.  A.  D.  1630.  America  by  De  Laet. 

An  engraved  map,  "Americae  sive  Indise  occidentalis  tabula  gene- 
ralis,"  in  De  Laet's  Nieiiwe  Wereldt,  published  at  Leyden  in  1630. 
He  credits  Hessel  Gerritz  with  making  the  maps  from  the  best  pub- 
lished and  collected  information  which  De  Laet  could  gather  for  his 


Maps  Relating  to  A^nerica  57 

use.  North  America  above  Labrador  and  Cape  Mendocino  is  omitted. 
California  is  a  peninsula,  though  it  was  generally  made  an  island  at 
this  time.  South  America  is  too  broad.  The  southern  shore  of  Tierra 
del  Fuego  is  left  undefined.  There  is  no  southern  continent.  It  was 
repeated  in  the  various  editions  of  De  Laet. 

III. 

NORTH  AMERICA. 

*:,,*  Maps  of  The  Two  Americas  contained  hi  Section  II.  need  of  course  to  he  con- 
sulted to  perfect  this  enumeration  of  the  delineations  of  North  America. 

93.  A.  D.  1525.  North  America  by  Lorenz  Friess. 

From  the  "Carta  marina  Portugalensium,"  made  in  1525  by  the 
German  geographer,  Friess.  What  is  shown  of  North  America  is  the 
coast  from  Yucatan  (apparently  an  island)  well  up  the  eastern  coast 
of  the  present  United  States,  or  even  farther.  The  continent  is  called 
"Terra  de  Cuba,  partis  affrice,"  while  the  island,  Cuba  (not  named), 
is  partly  shown.  The  whole  geography  is  very  confused  and  uncer- 
tain, and  a  segment  of  a  large  land  or  island  on  the  eastern  edge  of 
the  map  may  perhaps,  as  Kohl  thinks,  stand  for  Newfoundland. 
There  are  names  on  the  map  which  we  cannot  trace  to  Ayllon  or 
Ponce  de  Leon;  which  leads  Kohl  to  suspect  other  voyagers  on  the 
coast  of  which  we  have  no  other  knowledge.  It  very  likely  preserves 
some  of  the  sources  used  in  the  Cantino  map. 

—  A.  D.  circa  1550. 

Atlas  of  about  the  middle  of  the  century,  preserved  in  the  Riccardi 
palace  at  Florence  ;  has  some  maps  of  North  America.  Cf.  Jahrbuch 
des  Vereins  fiir  Erdkunde  in  Dresden,  1870,  pi.  vi.  and  ix. 

94.  A.  D.  1566.     North  America  by  Zaltieri. 

A  map  engraved  on  copper  at  Venice  in  1566.  It  resembles  no.  69 
for  North  America,  except  that  in  the  present  map  the  Straits  of  Anian 
separate  North  America  from  Asia.  The  whole  of  the  northeastern 
part  is  erroneous  ;  and  it  is  not  easy  to  define  correspondences.  New- 
foundland is  seemingly  a  group  of  islands.  A  large  lake,  not  con- 
nected with  what  is  apparently  meant  for  the  Saint  Lawrence,  flows 
through  a  river  called  "S.  Lorenzo,"  which  might  stand  for  the  Penob- 
scot. It  is  sketched  in  the  A^ar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  ^Irncrica,  iv,  93. 
It  may  1)e  compared  with  a  map  of  De.s  Liens  (North  America)  of  this 
same  year  (1566).     There  is  an  original  in  Harvard  College  Library. 

—  A.  I).  1568. 

A  map  of  Diegus  [Homem]  preserved  in  the  Royal  Library  at 
Dresden . 


58  KoJiI  Collection 

95.  A.  D.  1575.     North  America  by  Porcacchi. 

A  map  entitled,  "  INIondo  11  novo  "  in  Porcacchi's  IJ Isolc  piu  famose 
del  inondo  ( 1576),  en<j;raved  by  G.  Porro.  The  text  is  largely  based 
on  Bordone.     The  map  is  little  more  than  a  reduction  of  Zaltieri  (no. 

94). 

It  originally  appeared  in  the  1572  edition;  and  was  repeated  in  the 
1576  edition.  It  is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America, 
IV,  96. 

-  A.  D.  157S. 

The  Martines  Atlas  in  the  British  Museum,  shows  (nos.  10  and  15) 
the  coasts  of  North  America.  It  is  .sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit. 
Hist,  of  A)nerica,  iv,  97. 

96.  A.  D.  1580.  North  America  by  J.  Dee. 

A  MS.  map  in  the  British  Museum  presented  by  Dr.  Dee  to  Queen 
Elizabeth,  but  perhaps  not  made  by  him,  since  it  is  not  in  his  auto- 
graph. The  California  coast  is  carried  well  up  beyond  the  peninsula; 
but  there  are  no  traces  of  Drake's  New  Albion.  The  St.  L,awrence 
Gulf  (except  the  west  coast  of  Newfoundland)  and  river  (without  the 
lakes  or  any  corresponding  water)  is  very  well  defined.  It  is  sketched 
in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv,  98. 

97.  A.  D.  1582.  North  America  by  Lok. 

An  engraved  map  in  Hakluyt's  Divers  Voyages,  1582,  since  repeated 
in  the  Hakluyt  Society's  edition  of  that  book,  and  in  the  Nar.  and 
Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iii,  40;  iv,  44. 

98.  A.  D.  1593.  North  Am^erica  by  Judseis. 

Inscribed  "  Americse  pars  borealis,  Florida,  Baccalaos,  Canada,  Cor- 
terealis,  a  Cornelio  de  Judseis  in  lucem  edita,  1593."  It  belongs  to 
his  Speculum  Orbis  terrce.  It  is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
of  America,  iv,  97. 

99.  A.  D.  1600.  North  America  by  Quaden,  or  Q,uadus. 

Engraved  map  by  Mathias  Quaden,  or  Quadus,  which  appeared  in 
the  Geographisches  Hatidbuch,  Cologne,  1600,  and  is  entitled,  "Nova 
Orbis  pars  borealis."  The  Pacific  coast  above  Lower  California  is  not 
shown.  The  northern  parts  are  of  the  Mercator  type.  The  Central 
America  region  is  omitted.  The  mountain  ranges  run  east  and  west. 
It  is  sketched  in  the  A^ar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv,  loi. 

100.  A.  D.  1625.  North  America  [by  Briggs]  from  Purchas. 

Engraved  map  in  Purchas's  Pilgrimes,  vol.  iii.  Kohl  says  it  has 
more  original  value  than  the  other  maps  in  that  volume.  Hudson's 
Bay  is  left  with  a  part  of  the  western  bounds  of  it  unfixed,  while  the 
western  coast  of  the  continent  is  not  drawn  above  45°, — indicating  by 


Maps  Relati7ig  to  America  59 

legends  on  the  map  a  supposed  northwest  passage.  California  is 
shown  as  an  island,  with  a  northern  limit  under  42°,  "as  appears  by 
a  map  brought  to  London  out  of  Holland." 

100.   A.  D.  1635-1636  (?) 

The  undated  America  Septcntrionalis  of  Joannes  Jannsen,  published 
at  Amsterdam.  The  Novissinia  et  accuratissinia  totius  Aniericcc 
Descriptio  per  N.  Visscher,  of  about  the  same  date.  The  English 
translation  by  Henry  Hexham  of  the  Hondius-Mercator  Atlas,  printed 
at  Amsterdam  in  1636,  has  in  vol.  i  a  map  of  the  world,  showing 
much  the  same  configuration  as  is  given  in  vol.  11  in  a  general  map 
of  America,  particularly  as  regards  the  northern  parts. 

—  A.  D.  1644. 

A  map  of  America  in  an  edition  of  Linschoten,  published  at  Amster- 
dam.    It  is  of  the  Mercator  type. 

—  A.  D.  1646. 

Two  maps  of  America,  "  Petrus  Koerius  ca^lavit  Anno  do.  1646," 
in  Speed's  Prospect  of  the  most  Fcdhohs  Parts  of  the  IVorld,  London, 
1668. 

—  A.  D.  1650 

An  engraved  map  of  North  America  by  Sanson  d'Abbeville.  Har- 
ri.sse,  Notes  sur  la  Nouz'.  France,  no.  325. 

—  A.  D.  165 1. 

An  edition  of  Speed's  Prospect,  1676,  has  a  map  of  the  world  dated 
1 65 1,  .sliowing  North  America. 

—  A.  D.  1652. 

.\  map  by  \'isscher,  .'Uncric(€  nova  descriptio,  marked  "Autore 
N.  I.  Piscator." 

—  A.  I).  1655. 

A  map  in  .liiierica,  or  an  e.vact  description  of  the  West  Indies. 

—  A.  I).  1656-1663. 

Dr.  Peter  Heylyn's  map  of  America,  in  his  Costnoi^raphia,  Robert 
Vaughan,  scul]).     There  were  later  editions. 

—  A.  I).  1657. 

The  .Uiieriqiie  Septciitrionale  of  G.  Sanson  and  later  editions. 

—  A.  I).  1659. 

A  "New  and  accurate  maj)  of  the  world"  in  llie  History  of  the 
World,  by  Dion  Petau  or  Petavius,  Ivondon,  1659. 


6o  Kolil  Collection 

—  A.  I).  1666. 

\V.  Hollar's  map  of  America.  Cf.  Cataloi^ue  King''s  maps  in  Brit. 
jM use  11  111,  I,  23. 

—  A.  I).  1669. 

The  map  of  North  America  in  Blome's  Description  of  the  World; 
again  in  1670,  following  Sanson. 

—  A.  D.  1670. 

The  map  in  Ogilby's  America. 

—  A.  D.  1673-74. 

Joliet's  earliest  map,  showing  North  America,  of  which  a  reproduc- 
tion is  given  in  the  Revue  de  Geof^raphie,  1880,  and  in  other  places; 
and  a  sketch  in  the  A^c?r.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv,  208. 

—  A.  D.  1678. 

Map  of  the  world  in  Kircher's  Mundus  Subterraneus  (Amsterdam), 
of  the  Ortelius  type. 

—  A.  I).  1681-84. 

Franquelin's  MS.  map  of  1681  made  from  Joliet's  data,  of  which 
there  is  a  sketch  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv,  218;  a 
configuration  more  elaborately  worked  out  in  his  great  map  of  1684, 
of  which  there  is  a  sketch  in  Ibid,  iv,  228. 

—  A.  D.  1683. 

Hennepin's  map  of  North  America,  dated  1683,  1697. 

—  A.  D.  1685-98  and  later. 

The  map  in  R.  Burton's  [N.  Crouch's]  English  Empire  in  America. 

—  A.  I).   1 691. 

Map  of  North  America  in  Leclercq's  Etablissement  de  la  Foi,  repro- 
duced in  Shea's  translation  of  that  book. 

—  A.  D.  1692-93. 

Sanson's  map  of  North  America  (1692);  and  the  map  published  at 
Amsterdam  in  1693  by  Mortier.     There  were  later  dates. 

—  A.  D.  1694. 

E Amerique  Septentrionale  oi  Hubert  Jaillot;  and  his  map  of  the 
world  in  1696. 

—  A.  D.  1700.  _ 

Delisle's  map  of  America. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  6i 

• —  A.  D.  1702. 

The  map  of  North  xVmerica  in  Campanius'  Nya  Swerigc,  of  -which 
there  is  a  facsimile  in  the  N^ar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv,  394. 

—  A.  D.  1709. 

La  Hontan's  map,  Carte  Generate  de  Canada.  The  1703  edition 
has  a  sectional  map. 

—  A.  D.  17 10. 

John  Senex's  map  of  North  America,  of  which  there  is  a  reproduc- 
tion in  David  Mill's  Report  on  the  Boundaries  of  the  Province  oj 
Ontario.  Toronto,  1873. 

—  A.  D.  1717. 

Herman  Moll's  map  of  North  America,  in  his  Atlas.  Moll's  maps 
were  used  in  Oldmixon's  America.,  1708  and  1741. 

—  A.  D.  1714-22. 

The  Hemisphere  septentrional  oi  Guillaume  de  I'lsle;  and  his  Carte 
d'  Amerique. 

—  A.  D.  1731. 

L^Aiiterigue  mise  au  jour  par  Danet,  Paris. 

—  A.  D.  1733. 

Henry  Popple's  3Iap  of  Ihe  British  Empire  in  America.,  with  the 
French  and  Spanish  Settlements  adjacent  thereto. 

—  A.  D.  1738. 

Map  of  America  in  Keith's  Pennsylvayiia. 

—  A.  D.  1740. 

Delisle's  map  of  North  America,  of  which  there  is  a  reproduction  in 
Mill's  Boundaries  of  Ontario,  1873. 

—  A.  I).  1741. 

Moll's  map  of  North  America  in  Oldmixon's  British  Empire. 

—  A.  D.  1744. 

Bellin's  map  in  the  Nouvelle  France  of  Charlevoix,  and  his  map  of 
the  world  in  174S. 

—  A.  D.  1746. 

The  Avterique  Septcntrionale  of  D'Anville;  and  the  ^Imericce 
Mappa  of  Homann. 


62  KoJil  Collection 

—  A.  D.  1747. 

The  North  America  of  Bowen's  Geography. 

—  A.  D.  1755-56. 

D'Anville's  map  of  North  America,  and  the  reproduction  of  it, 
"improved"  in  Douglass's  Summary  of  the  British  Settlements  in 
North  America,  1755  (English  edition).  The  map  in  John  Haske's 
Present  State  of  North  America  (2d  ed. )  showing  the  extent  of  the 
British  claim  to  territory  and  the  map  (1756)  in  Mill's  Boundaries  oj 
Ontario  (1873)  showing  the  French  claim. 

—  A.  D.  1757. 

L' Ami'rique  Septcntrionale,  published  by  Covens  and  Mortier  at 
Amsterdam;  and  that  in  Robert  de  Vaugondy's  Atlas  Universel. 

—  A.  D.  1760. 

L'Amerique,  par  Sanson  rectifiee  par  Robert,  contained  with  others 
in  Van  der  Aa's  La  Galerie  agreable  du  iMonde. 

—  A.  D.  1762. 

L'' Amerique par  fanvier  in  the  Atlas  Moderne. 

—  A.  D.  1763. 

Delisle's  L' Amerique  of  1722,   corrected  by  Buache.     Mat.  Scut- 
terius'  map  of  North  America. 
Bowen's  Map  of  North  America. 

*»*The  maps  at  this  time,  and  later,  gave  the  new  definitions  of  bounds,  as 
fixed  by  the  Treaty  of  Paris  in  1763. 

IV. 

NORTHERN   PARTS  OF  NORTH  AMERICA. 

*»*  The  maps  in  Sections  IT.  and  III.  need  to  he  consulted  to  supplement  the  enumera- 
tion of  the  present  section. 

—  A.  D.  1496-1631. 

J.  W.  Rundall's  map  (modern  surveys)  of  Arctic  explorations 
(Baffin's  Bay,  Hudson's  Bay,  etc.)  between  these  years  is  in  Thomas 
Rundall's  lavages  toiuards  the  Nortliwest,  published  by  the  Hakluyt 
Society,  1849.  See  also  Petermann's  "Karte  der  Arktischen  und 
Antarktischen  Regionen,  zur  Ubersicht  der  Entdeckungsgeschichte" 
in  his  Geograpliische  iMittheilungen ,  xiv  (1865)  pi.  12;  und  Ergdn- 
zungsband,  iv,  no.  16,  pi.  i.,  and  the  map  in  Peschel's  Geschichte  der 
Erdfiunde,  ed.  Ruge,  1S77,  p.  288. 


• 


Maps  Relatmg  to  America  63 

101.  A.  D.  1503.     The  North  Atlantic. 

From  a  Portuguese  portolano,  showing  the  northern  coasts,  above 
Nova  Scotia.  Greenland  is  tolerably  drawn  with  a  broad  expanse  of 
water  on  the  west  (Baffins  Bay).  A  second  Greenland  (Engrone- 
lant)  is  drawn  as  a  peninsula  extending  from  Scandinavia,  as  in  earlier 
maps,  and  separated  from  the  true  Greenland  by  a  passage  to  the 
polar  seas. 

—  A.  D.  1503-1504. 

A  Portuguese  chart  showing  the  northeastern  coast,  given  in  Kohl's 
Discovery  0/  3Taine,  p.  174;  and  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  Ant  er- 
ica, IV,  35. 

—  A.  D.  15 14-1520. 

The  coast  from  Nova  Scotia  to  Labrador,  as  shown  in  a  sketch  given 
in  the  A^ar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  0/  America,  iii,  56.  It  is  a  portion  of  a 
chart  giving  a  large  part  of  the  coast.  Cf.  Kohl,  Discovery  of  Maine, 
p.  179;  Stevens'  Notes,  and  Kunstmann's  Atlas. 

—  A.  D.  1522-1525. 

A  map  of  Lorenz  Friess  in  the  Ptolemy  of  1522  shows  Greenland  as 
an  elongated  island  in  the  N.  W.  of  Europe.  There  is  a  facsimile  of 
it  in  Nordenskiold's  Broderna  Zenos,  Stockholm,  1883.  This  map  is 
not  contained  in  the  1525  edition  of  Ptolemy,  where  a  map,  "Tab. 
nova  Norbergise  et  Gottiae,"  shows  Greenland  as  a  much  broader 
peninsula  of  northwestern  Europe,  called  "Engronelant."  No.  49  of 
the  1525  edition  is  still  another  delineation,  representing  "Gronlanda" 
as  a  long,  narrow  peninsula  extending  southwesterly  from  the  north- 
west of  Europe.  A  reproduction  of  this  map,  ascribed  to  Ancuparius, 
the  editor  of  the  Ptolemy  of  1522,  is  given  in  Witsen's  Noord  en  Oost 
Tartarye,  vol.  11,  (1705). 

102.  A.  D.  1525.     Labrador  and  Greenland,  hy  Lorenz  Friess. 

From  the  atlas  of  Lorenz  Friess,  1525,  Labrador  is  called  "Terra 
nova  Conterati"  (of  Cortereal),  who  is  said  in  a  legend  to  have  dis- 
covered it  in  1510,  instead  of  1501.  The  abundance  of  herring  and 
stockfi.sh  (cod)  on  the  coast  is  mentioned.  The  southern  part  of 
Greenland  is  east  of  Davis  Straits.  "Terra  laboratoris"  is  made  an 
island,  west  of,  and  near  to  the  lower  point  of  Greenland.  The  Azores 
(lias  Axagoras)  are  shown. 

-  A.  I).  1532. 

A  map  in  Ziegler's  Scondia,  etc.,  published  in  Strasburg,  and  again 
in  1536,  gives  a  sweep  of  unbroken  coast  which  he  calls  "Terra  Bac- 
calaos,"  "Ulteriora  Gronlandia,"  "Incognita."  Both  editions  are  in 
the  Carter-Brown  Library  {Catalo_^tie,  i,  nos.  103,  120).  There  are 
copies  of  the  1532  edition  in  the  Collections  of  Mr.  Chas.  Deaue  and 
Mr.  Jas.  Carson  Brevoort. 


64  KoJil  Co  licet  io7t 

103.  A.  I).  1534.    Labrador  by  Bordone. 

Engraved  map  in  his  Isolario,  Venice,  1534.  The  country  is  called 
' '  Terra  de  lavoratore ' ' ;  and  it  is  the  earliest  extension  of  a  large  island 
which  may,  as  Kohl  thinks,  stand  for  North  America,  whose  S.  W. 
point  is  separated  by  a  strait  from  the  "MondoNovo"  (South 
America).  If  this  conjecture  is  correct  the  strait  corresponds  to  such 
a  passage,  as  shown  in  other  maps  of  this  time.  In  the  ocean  are  the 
islands,  "Asmaide,"  "Bresil,"  and  "Astores." 

104.  A.  D.  1542.     Northeast  Coast,  by  Rotz. 

From  Rotz's  MS.  Booke  of  Idrography  in  the  British  Museum.  It 
shows  "New  fonde  Lande"  broken  into  islands;  the  coast  north  of 
the  straits  of  Belle  Isle.  A  compass  conceals  what  was  perhaps 
intended  for  Davis  or  Hudson's  Straits;  and  then  north  of  this  a  curved 
peninsula  marked  "  Cost  of  Labrador,"  which  seems  to  be  Greenland, 
extends  towards  "Islonde."  Kohl  points  out  its  resemblance  to  the 
Henri  II.  or  Dauphin  map  (see  sub  no.  58). 

—  A.  I).  1544. 

The  sectional  maps  of  the  Northeast  coast,  b}"  Jean  Allefonsce,  of 
which  sketches  are  given  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv, 
74-77.     One  of  them  is  reproduced  in  Welsh's  Discoveries  of  America. 

—  A.  D.  XVI.  cent. 

Various  maps,  showing  the  Northeast  coasts  of  North  America,  and 
extracted  in  part  from  mappemondes,  are  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and 
Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv,  81  et  seq. 

Portuguese  atlases  preserved  in  the  Royal  archives  and  in  the  Biblio- 
teca  Riccardiana  at  Florence,  which  show  this  coast,  are  mentioned  in 
the  Studi  biog.  e  bibliog.  de  la  soc.  ital.,  11,  nos.  451,  452. 

—  A.  D.  1547. 

The  map  of  Scandinavia  in  Bordone  represents  ' '  Egronelant "  as  a 
peninsula  of  Europe. 

—  A.  D.  1548. 

The  "Delia  Terra  nova  Bacalaos"  by  Gastaldi  in  the  Italian  Ptolemy 
of  1548,  of  which  there  is  a  sketch  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of 
America,  iv,  88. 

—  A.  D.  circa  1553. 

Gastaldi's  map,  Nuova  Francia,  which  appeared  in  the  third  volume 
of  Ramusio  in  1556.  There  are  facsimiles  of  it  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit. 
Hist,  of  America,  iv,   91;  and  in  Weise's  Discoveries  of  America, 

V-  356. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  65 

105.  A.  D.  155S.     Iceland  by  A.  Mercator. 

—  A.  D.  1561. 

Ruscelli's  Tierra  Xiieva  in  the  Ptolemy  of  this  year,  showing  the 
coast  from  Florida  to  Labrador.  There  are  sketches  of  this  map  in 
Kohl's  Discovoy  of  Maine,  233;  Lelewel,  Geog.  de  JMoyen  Agt\  170; 
and  Xar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv,  92. 

This  edition  has  also  a  map,  Schonladia,  which  shows  a  peninsula 
north  of  "Thyle"  and  beyond  the  "Mare  Congelatum,"  which  is  a 
supposable  Greenland. 

106.  A.  D.  1562.    The  North  Atlantic  from  the  Ptolemy  of  1562. 

This  is  an  engraved  reproduction  of  the  Zeni  map,  which  had  been 
first  published  in  1558,  and  had  been  followed  in  1561  b}-  Ruscelli. 
To  the  present  Ptolemy  copy  by  Moletta,  that  cartographer  adds  a 
note  saying  that  its  geography  is  confirmed  by  modern  navigators,  "as 
we  know  by  letters  and  marine  charts  sent  to  us  from  divers  parts." 

See  bibliographical  memoranda  relating  to  the  Zeni  map  and  its 
influence  in  Winsor's  Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy,  sub  anno  1562. 

—  A.  D.  1562. 

An  engraved  map  of  the  east  coast  of  North  America  from  Cape 
Breton  to  Florida  made  by  Diego  Guitierrez,  the  cosmographer  of  King 
Philip,  and  engraved  by  Cock. 

—  A.  D.  1567. 

"  Gruntlandia  "  (Greenland)  is  shown  in  a  map  of  the  northern  re- 
gions in  Otar  Magni  Historia,  published  this  year  at  Basle.  There 
is  a  facsimile  of  the  map  in  Nordenskiold's  Broderna  Zenos,  Stock- 
holm, 1S83. 

—  A.  D.  1570. 

A  map  of  the  North  Atlantic  by  Stephanius,  based  on  Icelandic 
sources,  given  by  Kohl  in  his  Discovery  of  Maine,  p.  107,  and  in 
Weise's  Discoveries  of  America,  p.  22.  Ortelius  gave  this  year  in  his 
Tlieatruvi  Orbis  Tcrrarum  a  map  of  the  northern  regions  which  he 
called  "  Septentrionalium  Regionum  Descrip.,"  showing  "  FvStoti- 
lant"  (apjmrently  a  part  of  the  main),  with  "Groclant,"  "  Groeii- 
lant,"  "Drogeo,"  "Lslant,"  and  "  Fri.slant"  as  i.slands  in  the  north 
Atlantic.  It  was  repeated  in  the  editions  of  Ortelius  of  1575,  15S4,  and 
T592.  There  were  new  engravings  of  it  in  Miinster's  Cosmograpfiia 
in  1595;  and  in  the  Cologne-Arnheim  edition  of  Ptotemy  in  1597. 

107.  A.  D.  i575f?)     Northeast  Coast. 

From  a  MS.  Portuguese  map  in  the  British  Museum,  in.scribed:  "On 

the  2oth  Nov.  15S0,  a  Portuguese,  Fernando  Simon,  lent  this  map  to 

John  Dee  in  Mortlake,  and  a  .servant  of   Dee  copied  it  for  him."     It 

shows  the  roa.st  from  Cape  Breton,  north  to  Hudson's  vStraits.     The  St. 

I  xh-h — <>4 5 


66  Kohl  Collection 

Lawrence  gulf  is  given,  but  not  the  river.  Newfoundland  is  broken 
into  islands.  The  map  resembles  that  of  Freire  of  1546  (no.  58);  but 
does  not  suggest  Dee's  own  map  of  1580,  as  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and 
Crit.  Hist,  of  America^  \\\  gS. 

108.  A.  D.  157S.     Frobisher's  Discoveries. 

Taken  from  a  map  in  Best's  True  Discourse^  lyondon,  157S,  and 
confirming  Frobisher's  own  map  of  the  world  (no.  78).  There  is  an 
engraving  of  no.  108  in  Collinson's  Frobisher' s  Voyages,  1867,  pub- 
lished by  the  Hakluyt  Society. 

109.  A.  D.  1580.     The  Polar  Reg-ions  by  Dee. 

It  represents  the  polar  islands  of  Mercator;  Greenland  as  a  long 
island,  with  Estotiland  as  an  island  of  uncertain  limits,  southwest  of 
Greenland.  "Icaria,"  "Frislant,"  and  "Tula  ins."  lie  east  of  Green- 
land.    Dr.  Kohl  has  not  annotated  it. 

—  A.  D.  1585-87. 

A  modern  map  showing  Davis's  explorations  is  given  in  the  Hak- 
luyt's  Society's  edition  of  Davis^s  Voyages,  p.  i. 

110.  A.  I).  1587.     Northeast  Coast. 

From  a  manuscript  atlas  in  the  British  Museum,  inscribed:  Livre 
de  la  Marine  du  Pilate  Pastoret,  Van,  15S7.  S.  F.  M.  Dr.  Kohl 
thinks  the  name  may  be  "Pralut"  or  perhaps  "Pasterot. "  It  shows 
the  coast  from  Cape  Breton  to  La  Mer  Glacee.  Newfoundland  is  a 
group  of  islands.  The  straits  of  Belle  Isle  is  marked  as  where  Cartier 
passed.     The  Greenland  region  resembles  No.  104. 

111.  A.  D.  1592.     Northeast  Coast  by  Molineaux. 

An  extract  from  Molineaux's  globe  in  the  Middle  Temple,  London, 
showing  the  St.  Lawrence  river  and  gulf ;  Newfoundland  as  islands; 
Davis  Straits  and  Greenland.  Molineaux  had  Davis's  charts,  now 
lost.  Frobisher's  Strait  is  made  to  separate  the  southern  part  of 
Greenland  from  an  island, — an  error  long  perpetuated.  There  is  a 
sketch  of  this  part  of  the  globe  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of 
America,  iii,  213. 

112.  A.  D   1592.     Polar  Regions  by  Molineaux. 

From  his  1592  globe.  Shows  the  north  of  Europe  and  Asia,  but  of 
America  it  gives  only  the  northeast  coast  of  Greenland.  It  omits 
Mercator's  Polar  islands,  in  which  Molineaux  finds  no  ground  for 
belief. 

113.  A.  D.  1597.     Labrador  and.  Greenland  by  Wytfliet. 

The  engraved  map  "  Estotilandia  et  Laboratoris  terra  "  in  Wytfliet's 
continuation  of  Ptolemy.  It  shows  both  coasts  of  "Fretum  Joan 
Davis,"  and  bears  a  resemblance  to  this  part  of  the  Molineaux  globe 


Maps  Relating  to  America  67 

(no.  III).  The  erroneous  Frobisher's  Straits  (south  of  Greenland) 
are  drawn,  but  not  named.  Frisland  lies  an  island  southeast  of 
Greenland,  of  which  it  really  was  in  Kohl's  view  the  southern  part. 

Another  Wytfliet  map,  "Nova  PVancia  et  Canada,  1597,"  is  given 
in  facsimile  in  the  A«r.  and  Crif.  Hist,  of  America,  iv,  100.  A  third 
map  of  Wytfliet  shows  the  coast  from  the  St.  Lawrence  gulf  to  South 
Carolina.  A  fourth  represents  the  archipelago  of  Newfoundland  (as 
he  understood  it)  and  Labrador. 

114.  A.  D.  1598.     The  North  Atlantic,  Ed.  Ptolemy. 

The  map  "Scandia"  in  the  1598  (Venice)  edition  of  Ptolemy, 
translated  into  Italian  by  Cernot.  A  well-known  Italian  cartographer 
is  known  to  have  made  some  of  the  maps  of  this  edition,  and  may 
have  made  this.     The  American  shore  is  based  on  the  Zeni  map. 

115.  A.  D.  i59-(?)     Greenland  and  Iceland. 

This  is  called  by  Dr.  Kohl  "an  English  map  159-?"  but  he  gives 
no  further  information.  It  shows  the  eastern  shore  of  Greenland, 
the  erroneous  "Forboshar's  Straits,"  the  islands  "  Freeseland  "  and 
"Iseland." 

116.  A.  D.  160-?     North  polar  regions  by  Mercator. 

Engraved  map  of  a  part  of  the  northern  hemisphere  (above  60°  lat. ) 
in  the  Mercator-Hondiiis  Attas,  Amsterdam,  1630;  but  it  is  assigned 
to  Gerardus  Mercator  himself;  and  was  made,  as  Kohl  thinks,  a 
little  before  Mercator 's  death  in  1594.  Kohl  also  calls  it  the  first  time 
the  projection  was  used,  which  makes  the  north  pole  the  centre.  He 
represents  the  four  large  islands  round  the  pole,  which  ^Mercator, 
getting  the  idea  from  Cnoyen,  was  the  first  at  an  earlier  date  to  intro- 
duce into  maps,  and  between  which  he  supposes  the  oceans  to  flow  to 
the  pole,  where  the  superfluous  water  is  absorbed  by  the  south.  He 
])laces  the  magnetic  pole  under  74°  on  a  line  from  the  pole  to  the 
Straits  of  Anian, — also  thought  by  Kohl  a  first  attempt  to  locate  such 
pole,  but  he  forgets  the  attempts  of  Ruysch,  Martin  Cortes,  and  Sanuto. 
Greenland  is  made  an  island  with  defined  northern  capes.  The  land 
about  Davis's  Straits  is  shown  much  in  the  same  way  as  in  the  Moli- 
neaux  globe  of  1592  (no.  in).  Mercator  gives  the  same  large  inland 
fre.sh-water  sea  in  northern  Canada,  with  connection  with  the  polar 
ocean. 

A  similar  map  on  a  smaller  .scale,  extending  only  to  60°  N.  lat,  is 
given  in  Purchas,  iii,  625,  as  "  Hondus  his  map  of  the  Arctic  Pole." 

117.  A.  D.  i6cxj.     Arctic  regions. 

An  engraved  map  in  De  Bry's  Indict  Orientatis,  tcrtia  pars,  i6<ji, 
where  it  appears  without  other  explanation  than  that  it  was  made  by 
"Wilhelnius  Bernardus"  (Rarentjz,  the  Dutch  navigator).  Kohl  and 
Markham  suppose  it  to  have  been  made  by  Barents/,  on  his  third  voy- 
age, 1596-97.     The  parts  of  America  sliown  are  Greenland,  I'retuni 


68  KoJil  Collection 

Davis,  and  Eslotiland.  Markham  says  regardiiii^  the  facsimile  of  the 
original  map  which  appears  in  the  Ilakluyt  vSociety's  edition  of  Ba- 
n'nf~'  Three  I'oyages,  that  "the  map  was  first  published  in  1599  by 
Cornelius  Claeszoon  in  the  second  part  of  the  abridged  L,atin  edition 
of  Linschoten's  Ifiiierariitin;  but  it  is  wanting  in  some  copies." 

This  may  be  compared  with  the  Arctic  parts  of  the  map  of  the  world 
by  ]\Iolineaux,  as  reproduced  by  the  Hakluyt  Society  in  1S80. 

117  A.  I).  160W. 

A  map  by  Aletellus,  "  Estotilandia  et  Laboratoris  terra."  It  shows 
"  Groenlandite  pars,"  "Islandia,"  "  Frisland,"  and  "  Terra  de  Labo- 
rador." 

—  A.  D.  1601. 

Harrisse,  Cabois,  p.  201,  refers  to  a  beautifully  executed  map  of  the 
Atlantic,  marked:  "  1601,  R.  Dieppe  par  Guillemme  Levasseur  le  12 
de  Juillet." 

118.  A.  I).  1608.     Greenland. 

A  little  :nap,  showing  a  small  part  of  "Groenlant,"  marked  also 
"Hold  with  Hope."  Kohl  credits  it  to  Hudson,  but  gives  no  explana- 
tion. 

—  A.  I).  1609. 

The  map  in  Lescarbcrf:'s  Nouvelle  France,  of  which  there  are  sections 
in  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv,  150,  152,  374, 
378.     It  is  also  reproduced  in  the  Paris  reprint  and  elsewhere. 

A  map  of  about  1610,  preserved  in  the  French  archives,  and  of 
which  there  is  a  copy  in  the  Mass.  Arc/lives,  is  sketched  in  the  Nar. 
and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  vol.  iir. 

—  A.  D.  161 1. 

A  map  by  Jodocus  Hondius  explaining  Barentz's  third  voyage, 
which  appeared  in  the  Latin  ed.  of  Pontanus's  Amsterdam,  161 1,  and 
in  the  Dutch  ed.  of  1614.  It  is  given  in  facsimile  in  Asher's  Henry 
Hudson  ttte  Navigator,  published  by  the  Hakluyt  Society,  i860. 
It  is  called  "  Tabula  Geogr.  in  qua  admirandse  navigationis  Cursus  et 
recursus  designatur. ' ' 

—  A.  D.  16—. 

Hondius's  map  of  Iceland  is  given  in  Purchas,  iii,  644. 

119.  A.  D.  1612.     Arctic  Regions  by  Hudson. 

Hudson's  chart  of  his  northern  expedition  between  Greenland  and 
Hudson's  Bay.  Kohl  makes  no  comments  on  this  map,  which  follows 
an  engraved  chart  in  De  Bry's  Indice  Orientatis,  pars  x,  1613.  A  fac- 
simile is  given  in  Asher's  Hudson  ttie  Navigator,  published  by  the 
Hakluvt  vSocietv,  i860.     It  is  called  Tabula  Nautica,  .  .   .  anno  1612. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  69 

120.  A.  D.  1612.      The  same. 

On  this  copy  Kohl  remarks  upon  the  absence  of  any  reference  to 
the  map  in  De  Bry's  text,  which  he  supposes  was  copied — as  would 
ap])ear  to  be  the  case — by  De  Bry  from  Hudson's  own  chart  in  the 
Descriptio  ac  delineatio geographica  detectionis  freti  .  .  .  ab  Henrico 
Hiidsouo  W;/^/<y,  Amsterdam,  1612;  and  again  1613.  There  are  copies 
in  Harvard  College  library.  Cf .  Camus,  Mhiioire  sur  de  Bry,  p.  258. 
The  Portuguese  designation  is  given  to  Newfoundland, — "Ilha  de  Ba- 
calhao." 

—  .\.  D.  1612-13. 

The  Hondius-Mercator  atlas  of  i6[3.  This  had  two  maps  of  Europe, 
which  include  Greenland  and  adjacent  parts, — one  is  by  Hondius,  the 
other  by  Mercator. 

A  portolano  (1613)  of  Johannes  Oliva  of  Marseilles,  in  the  British 
Museum,  in  a  chart  of  the  north  Atlantic  gives  the  east  coast  of  Amer- 
ica from  Norumbega  to  Hatteras.  Newfoundland  is  better  drawn 
than  before,  but  Oliva  seems  to  have  been  ignorant  of  Lescarbot's 
map. 

Champlain's  maps  of  161 2  and  1613.  That  of  1612  extends  from  the 
southern  side  of  Cape  Cod  to  Labrador,  and  that  of  1613,  though  dif- 
ferent, covers  about  the  same  range  of  coast.  They  are  reproduced 
in  the  Quebec  and  Boston  editions  of  Champlain  and  in  the  Nar.  and 
Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv,  380-382. 

121.  A.  I).  1615.     Hudson  Straits  by  Baffin. 

The  original  MS.  map  is  in  the  British  Museum.  A  colored  fac- 
simile is  given  in  Baffin's  I'oyages,  published  by  the  Hakluyt  Society, 
1881,  and  it  is  given  in  outline  in  Rinidall's  I'oyages  to:eards  the 
A^orthzuest,  published  by  the  same  society,  1849.  The  chart  repre- 
sents Baffin's  fourth  voyage.  Capt.  Buck  in  1836  was  the  next  to 
follow  this  route. 

—  .A.  I).  1616,  etc. 

Petermann  in  his  (>eographiSihe  Mittheilungen,  vol.  xiii  (1867), 
pi.  6,  gives  a  map,  "Das  nordlich.ste  Land  der  Erde  entdeckt  1616  bis 
1861,"  including  Bylot  and  Baffin's  map(i6i6),  Ross(i8i8),  Inglefield 
(1852),  Kane  (1855),  and  Hayes  (1861). 

122.  .\.  I).  161 9.     Hudson's  Straits  and  Bay. 

An  engraved  map  in  La  Peyriire's  Recueil  de  I  'oyage  an  \ord, 
made  as  that  editor  says  after  Danish  authorities, — possibly  representing 
Munk's  voyage  in  1618-19,  who  named  the  straits  and  bay  after  King 
Christian.  Baffin's  Bay  becomes  "(kilf  Davis."  The  maker  of  tlie 
chart  was  not  aware  seemingly  of  Hudson's  explf)rations  in  tlie  sf)iith- 
ern  parts  of  Hudson's  Bay. 

The  same  or  a  similar  ma])  appears  in  La  Peyrere's  A'eta/ion  dti 
Crocntand,  Paris,  1647  ^"<J  1663. 


JO  Kohl  Collcctio7i 

—  A.  D.  1624. 

Sir  \Vm.  Alexander's  map,  in  Purchas,  of  which  a  part  is  given  in 
facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America^  iii,  306. 

—  A.  D.  1624-30. 

The  map  by  Chapelain,  appearing  in  Isaac  de  La  Peyrere's  Relation 
du  Greenland,  Paris,  1663,  i^  reproduced  in  an  English  translation  in 
the  volume  on  Spitzbergen  and  Greenland,  published  by  the  Hakluyt 
Society  in  1835.  The  La  Peyrere  Relation  refers  to  a  map  "per 
Martinum  filium  Arnoldi,  ano  1624  &  1625,"  which  had  been  used  in 
the  construction  of  it;  and  which  was  then  preserved  in  the  library  of 
Cardinal  Mazarin;  also  to  a  map  made  by  Capt.  Munck  on  his  voyage, 
reprinted  with  his  narrative,  which  agrees  with  a  map  of  Hudson, 
owned  by  Chapelain.  The  same  Hakluyt  Society  volume  contains 
the  map  of  Greenland  accompanying  Edward  Pellham's  God's  Power 
and  Providence  shewed  in  the  .  .  .  deliverance  of  eight  Englishmen 
left  in  Greenla?id,  1630,  published  in  London,  1631. 

123.  A.  D.  1625.     Greenland. 

An  engraved  map  in  Purchas's  Pilgriines,  ill,  472.  Kohl  has  not 
commented  on  it,  except  to  call  it  Spitzbergen,  which  it  seems  to  be, 
instead  of  the  modern  Greenland.  Luke  Fox's  map  (1633)  also  calls 
the  Asiatic  Island  by  the  name  of  Greenland. 

124.  A.  D.  1631.    Hudson's  Bay  and  Greenland  by  Capt.  James. 

An  engraved  map  in  Capt.  Thomas  James's  Strange  and  Dangerous 
Voyage,  1633,  inscribed  "The  platt  of  sayling  for  the  discoverye  of  a 
Passage  into  the  South  Sea,  163 1,  1632."  Kohl  calls  it  the  earliest 
map  of  Hudson  Bay  giving  the  entire  shore  from  observation.  His 
latitudes  are  nearly  correct :  he  omits  longitudes.  There  is  a  facsimile 
of  part  of  it  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iii,  96. 

125.  A.  D.  1633      Northern  parts  by  Fox. 

An  engraved  map  in  Luke  Fox's  Northweaste  Foxe,  London,  1633. 
It  shows  the  east  coast  of  North  America  from  the  Hudson  River, 
including  Hudson's  and  Baffin's  Bays,  to  Greenland,  and  the  west 
coast  above  Cape  Mendocino  to  a  point  north  of  the  straits  which 
separated  what  was  then  supposed  to  be  the  Island  of  California  at  its 
northern  end  from  the  main. 

—  A.  D.  1636,  etc. 

Maps  of  Baffin's  Baj'  by  Luke  Fox  (1636),  Hexham's  Mercator- 
Hondius  (1636),  Moll  (1706),  Barrington  (1818),  and  modern  charts 
are  given  in  Markham's  Voyage  of  William  Baffin,  published  by  the 
Hakluyt  Society,  1881.  The  Fox  map  is  reproduced  in  the  Nar.  and 
Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iii,  98. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  71 

—  A.  D.  1644-63- 

An  engraved  map  of  Iceland  by  Du  Val  in  La  Peyrere's  Relation  de 
VIslande,  Paris,  1663. 

—  A.  D.  1646. 

Robert  Dudley's  map  of  the  St.  Lawrence  and  adjacent  parts,  con- 
tinued in  his  Arcano  del  Mare  (Florence,  1647),  p.  52;  and  sketched 
in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv,  388.  It  is  called  in 
Dudley:  "D' America  Carta  prima." 

—  A.  D.  1656. 

Sanson's  Le  Canada  includes  the  region  about  Hudson's  Bay. 

—  A.  D.  1660. 

The  Tabula  Novcg  Francice  of  Du  Creux  or  Creuxius,  of  which  a 
portion  is  given  in  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America, 
IV,  389. 

—  A.  D.  1661. 

North  America  in  the  Zee-Atlas  of  Van  Loon. 

—  A.  D.  1662. 

"A  chart  of  Hudson's  Straights  and  Bay,  of  Davis's  Straights  and 
Baffin's  Bay,  as  published  in  the  year  1662,"  is  given  in  T.  S.  Drage's 
Account  of  a  Voyage  for  the  Discovery  of  a  Northwest  passage,  Lon- 
don, 1749,  vol.  II. 

126.  A.  D.  1669.     Greenland  by  Goos. 

An  engraved  map  in  Pietro  de  laGoos's  Atlas  de  la  marine,  Amster- 
dam, 1669.  He  makes  Frobisher's  Straits  cut  off  the  southern  end  of 
Greenland,  and  gives  many  names,  unknown  in  earlier  maps,  to  the 
shore  of  Greenland,  opposite  Iceland;  while  Dutch  names  on  the 
western  coast  would  indicate  explorations  by  Hollanders  in  that 
region. 

127.  A.  D.  1685.     Hudson's  Bay  by  Jaillot. 

It  shows  the  French  and  English  pdsts;  and  Kohl  says  the  informa- 
tion is  drawn  almost  entirely  from  Canadian  sources. 

Bleau's  atlas  of  1685  gives  maps  showing  the  northern  parts. 

—  A.  D.  1687. 

Morden's  maps  in  Blome's  Present  state  of  His  Majesty's  isles  and 
Territories  iti  America. 

—  A.  I).  1716  (?) 

Delisle's  Carte  du  Canada  shows  also  the  polar  regions.  It  is  also 
in  the  atlas  published  by  Covens  and  Mortier  at  Amsterdam. 


KoJd  Collection 


—  A.  1).   1720. 


C.  G.  Zorgdragers,  Grociilandschc  Visschcry ,  Amsterdam,  1720,  had 
maps  of  the  Polar  regions,  Greenland  and  Iceland,  which  are  repeated 
in  the  Copenhagen  edition  of  1727.  Frobisher's  Straits  are  repre- 
sented as  cutting  off  the  southern  part  of  Greenland. 

—  A.  I).  1728. 

The  Atlas  maritUmis  et  Comniercialis,  London,  1728,  has  a  map  of 
the  St.  Lawrence  Gulf  and  the  Northeastern  coasts. 

128.  A.   I),  circa  1730.     Betw^een  Lake  Superior  and  Hudson's 

Bay. 

A  MS.  map  by  De  la  Veranderie  preserved  in  the  Depot  de  la 
Marine  in  Paris.  "  Donnee  par  Monsieur  de  la  Galissoniere,  1750." 
It  shows  the  country  between  Lake  Superior  and  Hudson  Bay,  with 
its  waters  and  portages,  and  forts  and  trading  posts. 

129.  A.  I).  1730.     Country  Northwest  of  Lake  Superior. 

An  Indian  map,  made  by  Ochagach,  preserved  in  the  Depot  de  la 
Marine,  showing  water-ways  and  portages.  Kohl  supposes  it  to  have 
been  carried  to  Europe  by  De  la  Veranderie,  who  used  it  in  compiling 
map  no.  128. 

130.  A.  D.  1740.     Hudson  Bay  Country. 

Kohl  calls  this  map  a  sketch  of  the  territory  explored  by  De  la 
Veranderie,  and  says  the  original  in  the  Depot  de  la  Marine  at  Paris 
is  called,  "  Carte  des  Nouvelles  decouvertes  dans  I'ouest  du  Canada  et 
des  nations  qui  \  habitent.  Dressee,  dit-on,  sur  les  ^Nlemoires  de 
Monsieur  de  la  Veranderie,  mais  fort  imparfaite  a  ce  qu'il  m'a  dit. 
Donnee  au  Depot  de  la  Marine  par  Monsieur  de  la  Galissoniere  en 
1750." 

—  A.  D.  1741. 

An  engraved  map  of  Greenland  in  Hans  Egede's  Cr0)iland,  Copen- 
hagen, 1741;  repeated  in  the  German  edition,  Copenhagen,  1742;  and 
called  "  Gr^nlandia  Antiqua;  "  also  in  the  Beschreibiing  von  Crroiiland, 
translated  b}-  Kriinitz,  Berlin,  1763. 

Cf.  the  map  ])y  Paul  Egede  in  his  liftcrretiiingeroin  Grdrnland, 
Copenhagen,  17S9. 

—  A.  I).  1742. 

The  northeastern  coasts  in  the  linglisli  Pilot  of  1742  and  later  dates. 

131.  A.  D.  1746.     Northw^est  parts  of  Hudson  Bay. 

An  engraved  map  in  Ttie  Probability  of  a  Xorttiwest  passage,  by 
T/ieodore  Swainc  Drage,  clerk  of  the  "California"  (one  of  the 
ships),  London,  1768,  purporting  to  record  discoveries  of  Capt.  Smith 


Maps  Relatiiii^  to  America  J2) 

and  Capt.  INIoor  in  1746-47.     Drage  accompanied  Smith  and  ]Moor  on 
this  voyage. 

There  is  a  chart  of  Hudson  Bay  and  straits  according  to  the  dis- 
coveries between  1610  and  1743  in  Drage' s,  Account  of  a  I'oyage  for 
ttie  Discovery'  of  a  Xort/iwest  passage,  London,  174S,  vol.  i,  and  in 
vol.  ir  the  same  map  as  that  used  by  Kohl. 

132.  A.  D.  1747.     Wager's  Bay  "by  Ellis. 

An  inlet  in  the  northwest  part  of  Hudson's  Bay,  mapped  by  Ellis, 
who  accompanied  Smith  and  Moor.  It  was  named  on  Middleton's 
voyage. 

—  A.  D.  1746-47- 

A  map  of  Hudson's  Bay  and  adjacent  parts  in  the  German  edition 
of  Henry  Ellis's  Reise  nacJi  Hudson's  vieerbuseu ,  Gottingen.  1750. 
Tliis  map  is  not  in  the  Harvard  College  copies  of  the  English  and 
French  editions. 

133.  A.  D.  1748.     Hudson's  Bay  by  Ellis. 

An  engraved  map  in  Henry  Ellis's  Voyage  to  Hudson's  Bay,  Lon- 
don, 174S,  an  account  of  the  expedition  of  Francis  Smith  and  Wm. 
Moor.  The  map  was  re-engraved  in  the  German  edition,  Gottingen, 
1750;  and  in  the  French  edition,  Paris,  1749.  It  shows  the  region 
from  California  to  Greenland,  and  north  of  Lake  Erie.  The  expedi- 
tion was  fitted  out  by  London  merchants,  and  after  Parliament  in  1743 
had  offered  ^20,000  for  the  discovery  of  a  northwest  passage.  Kohl 
remarks  that  the  discoveries  of  Hudson,  Baffin,  Fox,  and  James  are 
not  well  delineated  by  Ellis. 

134.  A.  D.  1763.     Hudson  Bay  by  Bellin. 

Without  comment  by  Kohl. 

135.  A.  D.  1774.     Hudson's  and  BaflB.n's  Bays  by  Samuel  Dun. 

.\n  engraved  map,  showing  all  the  inlets  of  Hudson's  Ba}-  closed  iij) 
at  their  interior  extremities,  indicating  the  end  of  the  belief  in  a  west- 
erly passage  being  discovered  through  any  of  them.  Baffin's  Bay  is 
represented  as  a  large  oval,  among  some  of  whose  western  passages 
fit  is  stated  on  the  map)  a  ]:)assage  may  3-et  be  possible  to  the  Pacific. 
"Christian  Sea"  (King  Christian's  Sea)  discovei'ed  by  ]\Iunk  in  1629, 
is  i)ut  in  the  northerly  part  of  Baffin's  instead  of  Hudson's  Bay. 

-  A.  I).  1774. 

>L'ip  (if  the  north  Polar  regions  in  the  'flic  fouriial  of  i lie  I'oyage  hy 
J'liipps  and  I.ut-icidge,  I/judon,  1774. 

136.  A.  D.  1765.     Greenland  by  Cranz. 

-An  engraved  maj)  in  David  Cranz's  Historic  vou  (iroiiiand,  \~(>6, 
and  .second  etlition.  1770;  re])eated  in  the  I-jiglish  tr.inslatioii,  London, 
•767- 


74  Kohl  Collection 

—  A.  D.  1783. 

IMap  of  the  Arctic  regions  in  J.  R.  Forster's  Voyages  and  Discov- 
eries made  in  the  North. 

137.  A.  D.  1785.     Hudson's  Bay  Country  by  Pond. 

A  MS.  map  in  the  archives  of  the  Hudson's  Bay  company  in 
London,  inscribed:  "Copy  of  a  map  presented  to  the  Congress  Vjy 
Peter  Pond,  a  native  of  Milford  in  the  State  of  Connecticut.  This 
extraordinary  man  has  resided  seventeen  years  in  those  countries, 
and  from  his  own  discoveries  as  well  as  from  the  reports  of  the  In- 
dians, he  assures  himself  of  having  at  last  discovered  a  passage  to 
the  North  Sea.  He  is  gone  again  to  ascertain  some  important  obser- 
vations. New  York,  ist  March,  1785,  copied  by  St.  John  de  Creve- 
coeur  for  his  Grace  of  La  Rochefoucault."  Pond's  various  sojourns 
are  indicated, — the  most  southern  on  St.  Peter's  (Mississippi)  River, 
1774;  the  most  northern  near  Lake  Athabaska,  1782-83.  He  puts 
down  the  great  Northern  Sea  too  far  south  by  ten  degrees. 

138.  A.  D.  1789  and  1793.     Discoveries  of  Alexander  Mackenzie. 

Mackenzie  started  from  Fort  Chipewyan  on  the  Lake  of  the  Hills, 
in  June,  1789,  and  followed  the  river  now  known  by  his  name  to  near 
its  junction  with  the  Northern  Sea.  In  1793  he  followed  the  Unjijah 
or  Peace  River  to  the  Rocky  Mountains,  thence  to  the  Pacific.  Mac- 
kenzie seems  to  have  used  Arrowsmith's  map  and  Vancouver's  surveys, 
in  this  map,  which  accompanies  the  books  which  he  published  about 
his  explorations. 

139.  A.  D.  1790.     Hudson's  Bay  Country  by  Turner. 

A  MS.  map  in  the  archives  of  the  Hudson  Bay  company  in  London, 
inscribed:  "Chart  of  lakes  and  rivers  in  North  America  by  Philipp 
Turner. ' '  Turner  was  the  surveyor  of  the  company  and  made  his  prin- 
cipal exploration  in  1 790-1792,  in  company  with  Peter  Fiedler,  his  suc- 
cessor as  surveyor;  and  of  this  exploration  Turner  wrote  an  account 
preserved  in  the  company's  archives,  of  which  this  map  was  an  illus- 
tration. Kohl  calls  it  the  oldest  of  the  tolerably  correct  surveys  which 
we  have  between  the  Saskatschawan  River  and  Slave  Lake.  The 
rivers  whose  course  is  put  down  from  Indian  reports  are  marked  by 
two  crosses. 

140.  A.  D.    1799.     Greenland  and  BaflSji's  Bay  by  Laurie  and 

Whittle. 

An  engraved  chart  published  in  London.  It  shows  the  notions  pre- 
vailing before  Ross's  explorations. 

—  A.  D.  1811. 

A  map  of   the  Arctic  regions  in   E.  A.  W.  von  Zimmermann's  Die 

Erde  und  ihre  Bewohner,  Leipzig,  181 1. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  75 

—  A.  D.  1818. 

A  general  map  of  the  Arctic  regions  in  Barrington's  Possibility  of 
approaching  the  North  Pole,  London,  r8i8. 

—  A.  D.  1818. 

Map  of  the  route  of  the  ship  "Alexander"  in  Baffin's  Bay,  bv  W. 
E.  Parry,  in  a  Journal  of  a  Voyage  of  Discovery  to  the  Arctic  regions, 
1818,  published  at  London  [1819]. 

—  A.  D.  1818. 

A  facsimile  of  map  of  the  Arctic  regions  in  1818,  with  discoveries 
since  that  date  inserted  in  red,  given  in  Hall's  Second  Arctic  Expedi- 
tion, Washington,  1879. 

—  A.  D.  1818-23. 

Map  of  the  discoveries  by  Ross,  Parry,  and  Franklin,  in  Franklin's 
Journey  to  the  Shores  of  the  Polar  Sea,  London,  1823. 

—  A.  D.  1819-20. 

Map  of  Arctic  regions  showing  route  of  Parry's  ships,  in  his  four- 
nalofa  Voyage  for  the  Discovery  of  a  Northwest  passage,  London,  1821. 

—  A.  D.  1819-54. 

Chart  of  discoveries  in  the  Arctic  seas  in  Belcher's  Last  of  the  Arc- 
tic Voyages,  London,  1855. 

—  A.  D.  1820. 

Arctic  regions  by  Wm.  Scoresby,  jr.,  including  Ross's  explorations, 
in  An  Account  of  the  Arctic  Regions,  by  W.  Scoresby,  jr.,  London, 
1820. 

141.   A.  D.  1820.     Hudson's  Bay  Countries  by  Harmon. 

It  shows  the  country  from  Hudson's  Bay  and  Lake  Superior  on  the 
east  to  the  Pacific  on  the  west.  Harmon  was  an  officer  of  the  Hudson's 
Bay  Company  who  published  this  map  in  a  journal  of  his  explorations. 

—  A.  D.  1821-23. 

Map  of  Parry's  second  route,  in  \\\s  Journal  of  a  Voyage  for  the  Dis- 
covery of  a  Northzvest  Passage,  London,  1824,  with  detailed  maps  in 
the  .same  volume. 

—  A.  D.  1822. 

Map  of  Greenland  bj-  Scoresby  in  a  Journal  of  a  Voyage  to  the 
Northern  Whale  Fisheries,  by  W.  Scoresby,  jr.,  Kdinburgh,  1S23,  with 
a  special  chart  of  surveys  on  the  east  coast. 


76  KoJd  Collection 

142.  A.  D.  1S23.     Arctic  Reg-ions  after  Parry. 

Parts  north  of  Ilxidsoii's  Bay.     Kohl  does  not  comment  on  it. 

143.  A.  D.  1824.     East  Greenland  by  Scoresby. 
Without  comment  by  Kohl. 

—  A.  D.  1824-25. 

:Map  of  Prince  Regent's  inlet,  drawn  by  Parry  and  Head,  in  Parry's 
Third  I'ovagf. 

144.  A.  D.  1833.     Proposed  Route  of  Capt.  Back. 
vSee  Royal  Geographical  Society's yc>//r;/rt/,  iii,  64. 

145.  A.  D.  1833-34.     Back's  River. 

See  Royal  Geographical  Society's  Journal,  vol.  vi  (1S36).  It  shows 
his  exploration,  beginning  at  the  Great  Slave  Lake,  of  the  Great  Fish 
River,  never  before  followed,  when  he  started  to  relieve  Capt.  Ross, 
then  supposed  to  be  confined  in  the  ice,  northwest  of  Hudson's  Bay. 

146.  A.  D.  1834.     Back  River. 

Another  map  of  the  same  region,  without  comment  by  Kohl. 

147.  A.  D.  1836-37.     Hudson's  Strait. 

It  shows  the  track  of  the  "Terror,"  following  a  map  in  the  Royal 
Geographical  Society's  Jotirnal,  vol.  vii,  accompanying  Capt.  Back's 
report  on  the  northeastern  shore  of  Southampton  Island — the  closest 
observation  since  Baffin's  voyage  in  1615. 

148.  A.  D.  1840.     Peel  River  by  Isbister. 

In  Royal  Geographical  Society's  Journal,  XV,  333,  accompanying 
an  account  by  A.  K.  Isbister,  of  his  explorations  not  onh'  of  Peel 
River  but  also  of  Red  and  other  branches  of  the  Mackenzie  River, 
flowing  to  the  Arctic  Sea. 

—  A.  D.  1845. 

The  Arctic  regions  as  known  in  1845, — a  copy  of  the  map  supplied 
to  the  I'ranklin  expedition,  in  Hall's  Second  Arctic  Expedition, 
Washington,  1879. 

149.  A.  D.  1851.     Arctic  Coast  explored  by  Dr.  Rea. 

An  engraved  map  extracted  from  the  Royal  Geog.  Society' s  Journal 
(1852),  XXII,  73,  where  it  is  accompanied  by  two  reports  of  explora- 
tions in  search  of  Sir  John  P^ranklin. 

-A.  D.  1850-51. 

A  map  of  Wellington  Channel  and  Cxrinnell  land  by  Lt.  De  Haven 
and  Capt.  Penny,  in  Peter  Force's  pamphlet  on  Grinnell  land,  1852. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  77 

150.  A.  D.  1S51-52.     Discoveries  of  Kennedy  and  Bellot. 

This  shows  the  exploration  of  travelling  parties  from  the  ship 
"Prince  Albert."  wintered  at  North  Somerset,  on  Prince  Regent 
inlet,  in  search  of  Sir  John  Franklin's  party.  It  is  copied  fifem  one 
in  the  Royal  Geog.  Society's  Journal,  xxiii  (1853). 

151.  A.  D.  1S52.     Smith  Sound  by  Inglefield. 

Copied  from  a  map  in  the  Roj-al  Geog.  Society's  Journal,  vol.  xxiii, 
accompanying  a  report  of  Capt.  E.  A.  Inglefield,  who  was  the  first  to 
examine  the  sound  forming  the  northern  parts  of  Baffin's  Bay,  Baffin 
himself  having  only  seen  its  beginning  in  1615. 

—  A.  D.  1S61,  etc. 

North  polar  chart  in  Sir  John  Richardson's  Polar  Re_s^ions  ( 1861); 
maps  of  the  "American  Arctic  Sea,"  "Smith  Sound"  and  "North 
Polar  Regions"  in  C.  R.  Markham's  Threshold  of  the  l/tiknorcn 
Region,  1873. 

***  No  attempt  is  made  to  emiiuerate  the  multitude  of  recent  maps  of  tlie 
Arctic  regions. 

V. 

CANADA. 

*»*  The  best  enumeration  of  maps  covering  Canada  which  has  yet  been  printed  is 
in  Harrisse's  Cabots  and  his  Notes  siir  la  NouvelU'  France.  Cf.  maps  under  sec- 
tions II  and  III.,  ayite. 

—  A.  D.  150S. 

Re.specting  the  apocryphal  map  of  Jehan  Denys,  .see  Nar.  and  Cn'f. 
Hist.  oJ\luierica,  iv,  p.  36. 

—  A.  I).  1521. 

Respecting  the  extremely  doubtful  map  attributed  to  Lazaro  Luis, 
.see  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  .Imerica,  iv,  jx  37. 

—  A.  I).  1532. 

The  map  in  V.ie^ex' s Sciiondia-,  etc.,  Strasburg,  1532  and  1536,  shows 
vaguely  the  Bacallaos  coast.  It  is  given  in  facsimile  in  the  Xar.  and 
Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  11. 

—  A.  I).  1534. 

A  ma])  by  Gaspar  Viegas  of  Newfoundland  and  the  Gulf  of  St. 
Lawrence  is  depicted  in  Kohl's  Discovery  of  J/aine,  pi.  x\iii. 

—  A.  I).   i,s42. 

Ma])s  in  Rot/.'s  Idroi^raphy. 


jS  Kohl  Collection 

151.  A.  D.  1545. 

The  charts  of  Jean  Allefonsce  of  the  region  of  the  Gulf  of  St.  Law- 
rence, which  are  sketched  in  the  Narrative  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  Amer- 
ica, IV,  74  et  seq.;  some  of  which  are  also  given  in  Weise's  Discoveries 
of  America,  2)55^  ^"fl  i"  Murphy's  Verrazzano. 

—  A.  D.  1545. 

Carte  des  Cdtes  Nord-est  de  V  Anitrique ,  in  the  Musee  Correr  at 
Venice,  noted  by  Harrisse,  Notes  sur  la  Nouvelle  France,  no.  1S8. 

152.  A.  D.  1546.     Canada  and  Labrador  by  Juan  Freire. 

It  shows  the  coast  from  34°  N.  L,at.  to  72°  N.  Lat.,  and  develops  the 
Gulf  and  River  St.  Lawrence.  It  is  called  :  Carte  du  Ca?iada,  Lab- 
rador, e.  t.,  tiree  d'une  Portulan  Portugais  de  I'annee  1546  dans  la 
possession  de  Monsieur  le  Vicomte  [Santarevi]  de  Paris.  Kohl  con- 
siders that  Spanish,  Portuguese,  and  French  authorities  were  used. 
He  assigns  the  regions  of  the  Cortereals — esta  he  a  tera  dos  Cort- 
Reais — to  the  territory  between  what  seems  to  be  Penobscot  Bay  and 
the  St.  Lawrence.  The  names  along  the  latter  river  are  French, 
corrupted  by  Portuguese ;  and  so  on  the  eastern  coast  of  Newfound- 
land, whose  western  coast  is  not  drawn.  There  are  various  imaginary 
islands  in  the  Atlantic.  It  is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of 
America,  jv,  p.  86. 

153.  A.  D.  1546.     Newfoundland  by  Freire. 

Contained  in  a  Portuguese  portolano,  of  which  Libri  published, 
says  Kohl,  in  London  a  facsimile.  It  is  inscribed  :  Johani  Freire  a  ' 
fez  era  de  546.  It  shows  the  eastern  coasts  of  Labrador  and  New- 
foundland from  Hudson's  Straits  south,  the  southwestern  coast  of 
Newfoundland,  and  the  opposite  coast  of  Cape  Breton.  (Libri  sale. 
Mar.  20,  1859,  ^91-) 

154.  A.   D.    1547.      East    Coast  of   North.   America  by  Nicolas 

Vallard,  of  Dieppe. 

The  coast  is  given  from  the  end  of  Florida  to  the  Labrador  shore, 
developing  the  Gulf  and  River  St.  Lawrence.  It  is  part  of  a  MS.  map 
in  the  Sir  Thomas  Phillipps  collection.  The  map  is  endorsed  Terre 
de  Bacalos.  The  source  of  the  delineation  south  of  Cape  Breton  is 
Spanish,  and  it  shows  no  trace  of  Verrazano.  Kohl  thinks  that,  for 
the  region  north  of  Cape  Breton,  the  map  is  based  on  the  maps  of 
Alfonse  and  Cartier.  He  remarks  on  the  half  Portuguese  name  of 
the  St.  Lawrence, — Rio  do  Canada.  The  G.  lorens  of  the  map  is  not 
the  great  gulf,  but  a  small  bay  opposite  the  north  shore  of  Anticosti. 
The  eastern  shore  of  Newfoundland  has  a  mixture  of  French  and 
Portuguese  names.  On  Labrador  they  are  mostly  Portuguese.  The 
name  of  Vallard  may  signify  ownership  rather  than  mark  the  maker. 
Cf.  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  p.  86,  and  for  a  sketch,  p.  87. 

155.  A.  D.  1547. 

A  less  perfect  copy  of  the  preceding. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  79 

156.  A.  D.  1548.     Canada. 

The  coast  from  Greenland  (apparently)  to  Nova  Scotia,  with  the 
Gulf  and  River  St.  Lawrence  developed.  Part  of  a  mappemonde 
which  was  communicated  to  Kohl  by  Joniard,  and  thought,  as  Kohl 
says,  by  the  latter  to  have  been  made  by  order  of  Henri  II.  A  figure 
of  Robeval  among  his  soldiers  is  drawn  on  the  map.  The  northern 
parts  of  the  Atlantic  are  called  Mer  de  France;  the  more  southerly, 
Mer  d'Espaigne.  Newfoundland  is  a  group  of  islands.  St.  Laurens 
is  a  small  bay,  as  in  no.  154.  The  St.  Lawrence  river  is  not  named, 
but  the  Saguenay  (R.  du  Sagnay)  is.  Since  Kohl's  day,  R.  H.  Major 
has  deciphered  an  inscription  which  assigns  its  authorship  to  Pierre 
Desceliers  in  1546.  Jomard  gives  it  in  facsimile;  it  is  sketched  in  the 
Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv,  p.  85. 

—  A.  D.   1548. 

Gastaldi's  map,  "  Delia  terra  nova  Bacalaos,"  in  the  Italian  Ptolemy 
of  1548. 

157.  A.  D.  155-?    Canada. 

This  represents  North  America  as  an  island,  of  which  the  St.  Law- 
rence is  a  central  basin.  Somewhere  on  the  coast  of  South  Carolina 
a  strait  connects  the  Atlantic  with  the  Western  Sea,  which  also  washes 
all  the  northern  confines  of  the  land.  Newfoundland  is  divided  by 
channels,  as  in  the  Ramusio  map  of  1556,  and  the  names  on  the 
Eastern  shore  are  Portuguese  with  French  transformations.  The 
names  on  the  lower  portion  of  the  Atlantic  coast  are  of  Spanish  origin. 
The  .Atlantic  has  the  usual  sprinkling  of  imaginary  islands.  It  is 
sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  p.  89. 

158.  A.  D.  155-? 

The  .same,  less  perfect. 
169.   A.  D.  1556.     La  Nuova  Francia  in  Ramusio. 

\  copy  from  the  engraved  map  in  Ramusio.  Kohl  suspects  that  it 
may  have  been  drawn  after  Jehan  Deny's  lost  map,  and  that  Ranui- 
sio  did  not  have  access  to  Cartier's  charts.  It  is  reprcxluced  in  the 
Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  p.  91,  and  in  Wei.se's  Discoveries 
0/ America,  p.  356. 

169a.   A.  I).  1556. 

.\nother  copy  of  the  same.  The  two  maps  of  Gastaldi  in  Ramusio, 
"Terra  de  Labrador  et  Xova  I-rancia"  and  "Terra  dc  Ilochelaga 
nella  nova  Francia,"  are  supposed  to  have  been  made  in  1553.  Cf. 
Harrisse,  A'otes,  nos.  292,  293. 

160.   A.  D.  i556(?)     Newfoundland,  etc. 

It  also  .shows  Labrador  and  the  coast  of  Maine,  and  is  taken  from  a 
IKjrtolano  in  the  British  Museum,  and  in  its  catalogue  it  is  (Uscribed 


So  KoJiI  Collection 

as  "on  vellum  in  the  Spanish  language, and  executed  in  the  sixteenth 
century."  The  coast  stretches  from  45°  to  64°  north  latitude.  It 
resemhles,  so  far  as  it  goes,  no.  152,  but  it  has  no  indication  of  the 
Gulf  or  River  St.  Lawrence.  It  is  sketched  in  the  Nay.  and  Crit. 
Hist.  Anwrica,  iv,  p.  87. 

161.  A.  D.  155S.     Canada  and.  adjacent  parts  by  Diego  Homem. 

It  shows  the  eastern  coast  of  North  America  from  28°  N.  L,at.  to  70°. 
The  Bay  of  Fundy  is  developed,  and  the  basin  of  the  St.  Lawrence  is 
converted  into  a  northern  ocean.  The  original  is  in  a  MS.  atlas  by 
Homem  in  the  British  IVIuseum.  The  names  of  the  St.  Lawrence 
region  are  French,  of  the  coast  south  of  the  gulf  Spanish,  and  north 
of  it  Portug-uese.  Cf.  sketches  in  Kohl's  Disc,  of  Maine,  p.  377,  and 
Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  p.  92. 

162.  A.  D.  155S. 
Another  copy  of  no.  161. 

163.  A.  D.  1562  and  1574.     East  Coast  of  North  America. 

This  gives  the  coast  from  34°  N.  Lat.  to  60°.  Newfoundland  is  a 
cluster  of  islands.  The  St.  Lawrence  is  a  network  of  small  streams. 
The  original  is  an  engraved  map  in  the  Ptolemies  of  1562  and  1574, 
called  "Tierra  Nueva."  It  is  based  on  the  Ramusio  map  of  1556,  and 
there  are  sketches  of  it  in  Kohl's  Disc,  of  Maine,  p.  233;  Lelewel's 
Gt'og.  du  jMoyeti-Age,  p.  170;  and  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv, 
p.  92. 

-  A.  D.  1575. 

A  Portuguese  map  of  about  1575,  in  the  British  Museum,  showing 
the  coast  from  Cape  Breton  to  Labrador. 

164.  A.  D.  1597.     Nova  Francia  et  Canada,  by  Wylfliet. 

It  shows  the  Gulf  and  River  St.  Lawrence  with  Labrador.  The 
original  is  an  engraved  map  in  Wytfliet's  Continuation  of  Ptolemy, 
and  is  reproduced  in  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America, 
IV,  p.  100.  Cf.  also  Wytfliet's  maps,  showing  Labrador  and  Green- 
land, and  Newfoundland  and  the  adjacent  parts.     vSee  ante,  no.  113. 

The  maps  were  repeated  in  the  Douay  edition  of  1605,  etc. 

165.  A.  D.  1609.     New  France  by  Liescarbot. 

It  shows  the  coast  from  40°  N.  Lat.  to  54°,  with  the  course  of  the 
St.  Lawrence.  It  follows  an  engraved  map  in  Lescarbot's  Nouvelle 
France.  The  entire  map  is  reproduced  in  Faillon's  Colonic  Frangaise, 
I,  p.  85,  inTross's  reprint  of  Lescarbot,  and  in  the  Poptiam  iMeinoriat. 
Parts  of  it  are  given  in  the  A^ar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  p.  152, 

304,  379- 

See  also  the  1612  edition  of  Lescarbot. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  8i 

—  A.  D.  1612. 

Champlain's  map,  which  is  reproduced  in  the  Boston  and  Quebec 
reprints  of  Champlain,  and  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv, 
pp.  380,  381. 

—  A.  D.  1613. 

Champlain's  map,  which  is  reproduced  in  the  Boston  and  Quebec 
editions  of  his  works;  and  in  part  in  the  Nar.  atid  Crit.  Hist,  of 
America,  iv,  p.  383.  The  edition  of  1613  had  various  smaller  local 
maps. 

166.  A.  D.  1613.     Canada  and  Norumbega  by  J.  Oliva. 

vShowing  the  coast  from  42°  N.  L,at.  to  68°,  with  the  course  of  the 
St.  Lawrence.  The  original  is  in  a  ]MS.  portolano  in  the  British 
Museum,  marked:  Joannes  Oliva  fecit  in  civitate  Marsilia;,  anno  1613. 
Newfoundland,  as  Kohl  remarks,  is  unusually  well  drawn;  but  the 
rest  of  the  map  is  much  behind  the  best  knowledge  of  the  time.  See 
ante,  no.  90. 

167.  A.  D.  1625.     New  England  and  New  France,  from  Purchas. 

The  main  sources  of  this  map  appear  to  be  Lescarbot's  map  of  New 
France  and  John  Smith's  map  of  New  England.  The  original  ap- 
peared in  Purchas's  Pilgrims,  following  one  in  Sir  William  Alexan- 
der's Encojiragement  to  Colonies  (1624).  It  is  given  in  part  in  the 
Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  in,  ch.  9. 

168.  A.  D.  1626.     Newfoundland  by  Mason. 

The  original  is  an  engraved  map  in  The  Golden  Fleece,  by  Orpheus, 
Junior,  London,  1626.  The  map  is  inscribed:  "Newfoundland  de- 
scribed by  Captaine  John  Mason,  an  industrious  Gent.,  who  spent 
seven  yeares  in  the  Countrey."  Cf.  N'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America, 
IV,  p.  379- 

169.  A.  D.  1630.     New  France  by  De  Laet. 

It  shows  the  coast  from  Cape  Cod  to  Labrador,  and  as  far  inland  as 
Lake  Champlain.  The  original  is  an  engraved  map  in  De  Laet's 
Nieuxve  Wereldt.  The  map  is  apparently  based  on  the  maps  of  Pur- 
chas,  Ivcscarbot,  and  Champlain.  It  was  repeated  in  the  Latin  (1633) 
and  the  French  (1640)  editions.  It  is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit. 
Hist,  of  America,  iv,  p.  384,  and  in  Cassell's  United  States,  i,  240. 

170.  A.  D.  1632.     New  France  by  Champlain. 

This  follows  the  engraved  map  in  the  edition  of  1632.  It  is  repro- 
duced in  the  Quebec  and  Boston  editions  of  Champlain,  in  O'Calla- 
ghan's  Doc.  Hist,  of  N.  Y.,  vol.  iii,  and  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  iv,  pp.  386,  387. 

171.  A.  I).  1632. 

An  unfinished  sketch  of  the  same  map. 
I  i6<j6 — (j4 6 


82  Kohl  Collection 

172.  A.  D.  circa  1640.     Canada. 

After  a  rough  draft  preserved  in  the  Depot  de  la  Marine  at  Paris. 
Its  chief  peculiarity  is  in  making  L,akes  Superior  and  Huron  flow  into 
the  St.  Ivawrence  through  the  Ottawa,  with  no  passage  for  their  waters 
through  Erie  and  Ontario.  Lake  Michigan  is  not  indicated.  It  is 
sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  p.  202.  Is  this  the 
map  noted  by  Harrisse,  Notes,  etc.,  no.  197,  which  he  puts  sub  anno, 
1665? 

—  A.  D.  i64i(?) 

Riviere  St.  Laurent  (Montreal  to  Tadoussac),  noted  in  Harrisse, 
Notes,  etc.,  no.  191. 

—  A.  I).  1647. 

The  "Canida"  map  of  Dudley's  ^rr««o  del  3f are,  of  which  a  sketch 
is  given  in  the  N'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  p.  388. 

—  A.  D.  1656. 

Sanson's  Le  Canada,  ou  Nouvelle  France.  It  is  sketched  in  the 
Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  p.  391.  Cf.  Harrisse,  Notes,  etc., 
no.  327. 

173.  A.  D.  1660.     New  France. 

Inscribed  Tabula  Novce  Francice  anno  1660,  and  the  language  of  the 
map  is  Latin.  It  corresponds  in  extent  nearly  to  the  Champlain  map 
of  1632.  Kohl  speaks  of  it  as  a  map  which  he  found  in  the  great  Paris 
library;  but  it  is  really  the  engraved  Du  Creux  or  Creuxius  map?  which 
is  given  (in  part)  in  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America, 
IV,  p.  389.     Cf.  Harrisse,  Notes,  etc.,  no.  329. 

—  A.  D.  1662. 

Map  in  Blaeu's  Atlas,  of  which  a  sketch  is  given  in  Nar.  and  Crit. 
Hist.  America,  iv,  p.  391.     It  was  repeated  by  Blaeu  in  1685. 

—  A.  D.  1663. 

A  map  of  the  course  of  the  St.  Lawrence,  of  which  a  sketch  is  given 
in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  0/  America,  iv,  p.  148. 

A  map  in  t\iit  Jesuit  Relation  of  1662-63,  of  which  a  portion  is  given 
in  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv,  p.  311. 

174.  A.  D.  1666.     liakes  Champlain  and  Ontario. 

It  is  called:  "Carte  des  grands  lacs  Ontario  et  [Champlain]  et  des 
pays  traverses  par  Mi's-  c^e  Tracy  et  Courcelles  pour  aller  attaquer  les 
Agniez,  1666."  The  original  is  in  the  Depot  de  la  Marine  at  Paris. 
It  gives  the  Hudson  from  Orange  [Albany]  upwards.  It  is  sketched 
in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  p.  312.  Cf.  Faillon,  La 
Colonic  Frangaise,  iii,  125,  and  Harrisse,  Notes,  etc.,  no.  332. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  83 

175.  A.  D.  1666.     Liakes  Ontario  and  Champlain. 

Copied  from  an  engraved  map  in  the  Jesuit  Rtiatioii  of  1664-65. 
See  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  pp.  311,  312,  313. 

—  A.  D.  1666. 

Le  Canada  on  la  Noiivclle  France:  par  Nicolas  Sanson,  Paris,  1666. 
The  same,  by  Frederic  de  Witt. 

Harrisse  {Notes,  etc.  nos.  334.  335)  says  lie  borrows  lliese  titles  from 
P.  Lelong's  Bibliothhqiie  Historique,  i,  no.  1452,  1453. 

—  A.  D.  1668. 

Carte  du  pays  des  cinq  Nations  Iroquoises  Kente  in  Faillon,  La 
Colonie  Fran(;aise,  iii,  196. 

176.  A.  D.  1670.  Liake  Superior. 

Copied  from  the  map  which  appeared  in  the  Jesuit  Relation  of 
1670-71.  Facsimiles  of  this  map  are  given  in  Bancroft's  United  States, 
orig.  ed.  iii,  p.  152;  Whitney's  Ceol.  Rept.  of  Lake  Superior,  Mo- 
nette's  Mississippi,  vol.  t,  and  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  p. 
313.     Cf.  Harrisse,  Notes,  etc.,  no.  340. 

—  A.  D.  1670. 

Dollier  and  Gallinee's  map  of  Lakes  Ontario  and  Hnron,  sketched 
in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  p.  203.  Cf.  Harrisse,  Notes, 
no.  200. 

An  undated  MS.  map,  also  sketched  in  Ibidem,  iv,  ]).  2<i(  ,  shows 
the  upper  lakes  and  the  upper  Mississippi. 

—  A.  D.  1670. 

The  Novi  Rel,s;ii  Tabula  in  Ogilby's  America,  p.  169;  reproduced 
in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  .hnerica,  iv,  p.  392. 

—  A.  D.  167 1. 

Lac  Tracy  ou  Superieur,  a  MS.  in  the  library  of  the  Depot  de  la 
Marine,  at  Paris,  noted  in  Harrisse,  Notes,  etc.,  no.  2ui. 

—  A.  D.  1673. 

Carte  de  la  nouvclle  dhoiiverte  que  les  phxs  lesuites  out  fait  en 
I'annee  \(iT2,  et  continuee  par  le  R.  Jacques  Marquette, — a  Ms.  map 
belonging  to  the  National  Library  in  Paris,  which  Harri.sse  .says 
{Notes,  etc.,  202)  cannot  now  be  found. 

—  A.  I).  1673. 

Carte  des  missions  des  PP.  Jesuites  sur  le  lac  des  Illinois,  in  the 
Jesuit  Relation,  1673-79,  as  published  in  New  York  in  i86u. 


84  Kohl  Collcctiott 

177.  A.  D.   1675.     The  Great  Lakes  and  the  Upper  Mississippi 

by  Joliet. 

The  original  is  in  the  D^pot  de  la  Marine  at  Paris,  and  has  on  it  a 
letter  addressed  to  Frontenac.     See  Harrisse,  Notes,  etc.,  no.  203-204. 

In  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv  (p.  208),  is  Joliet's  earliest 
map  ( 1673-74),  with  indications  of  places  where  it  can  be  found  in  fac- 
simile; (pp.  212,  2i3),iswhat  is  known  as  Joliet's  larger  map  of  1674;  and 
(p.  214)  his  smaller  map.  In  the  same  book  (p.  215)  is  another  early 
map  of  the  basin  of  the  Great  Lakes  from  the  Parkman  Collection, 
and  (p.  21S)  a  sketch  of  Joliet's  "Carte  G^nerale."  Cf.  Harrisse, 
Notes,  etc.,  nos.  214,  342,  343.  As  to  the  genuine  and  spurious  map 
of  Marquette  see  Ibidem  (p.  220)  and  sketch.  This  last  map  is  also 
in  Andreas's  Chicago,  i,  47. 

—  A.  I).  1676. 

j'ascaerte  lan  Terra  nova.  Nova  Francia,  Nieuw  Engleland  en  de 
Groote  Revier  van  Canda  in  Roggeveen's  Tourbe  Ardente,  and  in  the 
English  edition,  The  Burning  Fen. 

178.  A.  D.  1677.     Canada  by  Du  Val. 

This  map  is  inscribed  as  follows:  "Le  Canada,  fait  par  le  Sr.  de 
Champlain  ou  sont  la  Nouvelle  France,  Nou  Anglet,  Nou  HoU,  Nou 
Suede,  Virginie,  et  autres  terres  nouvellement  decouvertes  suivant  les 
memoires  de  T.  du  Val,  Geogr.  du  Roy,  Paris,  1677."  Cf.  Nar.  and 
Crit.  Hist.  0/ America,  iv,  p.  388.  Harrisse,  Notes,  etc.  (no.  331), 
gives  an  edition  of  1664,  as  well  as  that  of  1677  (no.  348). 

—  A.  D.  1679. 

Map  of  Joliet's  route  from  Tadoussac  north,  in  the  Archives  of  the 
Marine  in  Paris.     Harrisse,  Notes,  etc.,  no.  207. 

Various  sectional  maps,  preserved  in  the  library  of  the  Marine  at 
Paris,  are  noted  in  Harrisse's  Notes,  etc.,  nos.  209-213. 

—  A.  D.  1681. 

A  map  (27°  to  44°  N.  lyat.)  in  the  library  of  the  Marine  at  Paris, 
made  by  Franquelin.  Cf.  Harrisse,  Notes,  etc.,  no.  215,  and  others  of 
Franquelin,  in  nos.  216,  217,  218. 

179.  A.   D.    circa  1683.     The  Great  Lakes  and  the  Upper  Mis- 

sissippi by  RafiFeix. 

It  is  called:  "Parties  les  plus  occidentales  du  Canada."  It  is 
sketched  in  the  N'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Atnerica,  iv,  233.  Harrisse 
{Notes,  no.  238)  puts  it  under  the  year  1688. 

—  A.  D.  1683. 

Hennepin's  Carte  de  la  Nouvelle  Fratice  in  his  Description  de  la 
Louisiane.  There  are  facsimiles  in  Shea's  translation  of  that  book; 
in  Winchell's  Geol.  Survey  of  Mintiesota,  pi.  6;   and  it  is  given  in 


Maps  Relating  to  America  85 

part  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  p.  249.  This  may  be 
compared  with  Hennepin's  Carte  d'un  trts  grand  pays  in  the  editions 
of  \\\& Notivelle Decouverte  of  1697,  1698,  1704,  1711,  etc.,  and  of  which 
a  facsimile  (in  part)  is  given  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  rv, 
251.     Cf.  also  Breese's  Early  Hist,  of  Illinois,  p.  98. 

Hennepin's  Carte  d'un  tres  grand  pais  (1697,  1704,  etc.,  and  with 
English  names  in  the  English  edition)  is  also  in  facsimile  in  the  A^ar. 
and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  252-253.  Cf.  Harrisse,  Notes,  etc.,  no. 
219,  352. 

—  A.  D.  1684-1686. 

Franquelin's  great  map  of  1684,  see  ante,  under  no.  100,  and  Har- 
x\ss^''& Notes,  nos.  222,  223.  The  map  ( 1685)  which  Franquelin  made  of 
the  St.  Lawrence,  after  material  furnished  by  Joliet.  Harrisse,  Notes, 
no.  229.  Franquelin's  maps  (1686),  noted  in  Harrisse,  nos.  231,  232, — 
of  one  of  which  there  is  a  copy  in  the  Parliamentary  Library  (Canada). 
See  its  Catalogue,  p.  1616. 

—  A.  D.  1685. 

Partie  de  la  Nouvelle  France  par  Hubert  Jaillot.  Cf.  Harrisse, 
Notes,  etc.,  no.  354. 

—  A.  D.  1687. 

Pierre  Allmand's  discoveries  between  Quebec  and  Hudson's  Bay, 
as  given  in  the  map  preserved  in  the  Archives  of  the  Marine.  Har- 
risse, Notes,  no.  233. 

180.  A.  D.  1688.     Ontario  and  Erie  by  Raffeix. 

It  is  inscribed:  "Le  lac  Ontario  avec  les  lieux  circonvoisins  et  par- 
ticulierement  Les  Cinq  Nations  Iroquoises,  1688."  The  original  is  in 
the  National  Library  at  Paris.  It  is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit. 
Hist.  America,  iv,  p.  234.     Cf.  Harrisse,  Notes,  no.  237. 

—  A.  D.  1688. 

Franquelin's  map  of  the  Upper  Lakes  and  the  Upper  Mississippi  as 
given  in  Neill's  Alimiesota  (1882);  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv, 
pp.  230,  231;  and  in  Winchell's  Geol.  Stirvey  of  Minnesota,  Final  Re- 
port, I,  pi.  2.     Cf.  Harrisse,  Notes,  nos.  234,  240. 

Coronelli  and  Tillemon's  printed  maps  (168S)  of  Partie  occidentate 
du  Canada  (sketched  in  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  p.  232), 
and  I 'artie  orientate,     Cf.  Harrisse,  Notes,  etc.,  nos.  359,  361. 

—  .\.  I).  1691. 

Carte  generatle  de  ta  Nouvelle  France,  etc.    Cf .  Harrisse,  Notes,  etc. , 
no.  364,  also  no.  367. 
Nuova  Francia  e  Luigiana,  in  //  Genio  vagante,  Parma,  1691. 

—  A.  D.  1692. 

Franquelin's  A'6'wt'tf//d' /-Vawr^'.     Cf.  Harrisse,  .Voles,  no.  24S. 


86  Kohl  Collection 

180  A.  I).  1696. 

Le  Canada  by  H.  Jaillot,  showinjj  the  routes  between  the  lakes  and 
Hudson's  Bay. 

Le  Cordier's  Carte  dc  la  Baye  de  Canada,  etc.  Cf.  Harrisse,  Notes, 
etc.,  no.  372. 

—  A.  I).  1699. 

Franquelin's  Partie  de  V  Amerique  Septentrionale  on  est  conipris  la 
A'oui'elle  France,  preserved  in  the  library  of  the  Marine,  and  noted  in 
Harrisse,  Xotes,  no.  259. 

—  A.  D.  1703. 

La  Hontan's  map  of  the  great  lakes  in  his  New  Voyages,  London, 
1703;  redrawn  in  his  Menioires  de  V Amerique ,  vol.  11. ;  and  also  in  the 
editions  of  1709  and  17 13.  A  facsimile  of  the  1703  map  is  given  in  the 
Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv,  p.  260. 

—  A.  D.  1709. 

The  Carte  generate  de  Canada  in  the  La  Have  ed.  (1709)  of  LaHon- 
tan,  which  was  repeated  in  his  3Iemoires,  ( 1741 ),  vol.  iii.  It  is  given 
in  sections  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  rv,  pp.  153,  258, 
259.  His  map  of  the  "Riviere  Longue,"  in  the  Nouveaux  Voyages 
(1709),  vol.  I,  p.  136,  is  reproduced  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Amer- 
ica, IV,  p.  261. 

VI. 

EAST  COAST  OF  NORTH  AMERICA. 

***The  enumeration  of  this  section  maybe  supplemented  by  those  in  Sections 
II  and  III. 

—  A.  D.   1500-1541. 

The  delineations  of  the  east  coast  begin  with  La  Cosa's  map  (1500), 
and  may  be  traced  through  the  maps  of  Cantino  ( 1 502 ) ,  Ruysch  ( 1 508 ) , 
the  Nordenskiold  gores  (15 — ?),  Stobnicza  (1512),  the  Admiral's  map 
(1513),  the  Schoner  globes  (1515,  1520),  Reisch  (1515),  the  Tross 
gores  (1514-19?),  the  map  of  Apian  (1520),  Ptolemy  (1522),  Maiollo 
(1527),  Verrazano  (1529),  Frisius  (1525),  Monk  Franciscus  (1526), 
Thorne  (1527),  the  Spanish  official  maps  (1527-1529),  the  map  of  the 
Sloane  MS.  ( 1530),  globe  of  Finaeus  (1531),  the  Lenox  woodcut  (1534), 
the  map  of  Agnese  (1536),  the  Charles  V.  portulano  (1539),  the  Nanc}* 
globe  (1540?)  the  map  of  Miinster  in  the  Ptolemy  of  1540,  the  Mer- 
cator  gores  of  1541,  etc. 

These  are  but  typical  specimens  to  .show  the  constancy  or  variations 
of  types  among  the  cartographers  of  the  time,  and  they  have  all  been 
described  on  earlier  pages. 

A  reconstruction  of  the  Chaves  map  of  1536  (now  lost)  is  attempted 
by  De  Costa  in  the  N.  E.  Hist.  Ceneal.  Reg.  April,  1885, 


Maps  Relating  to  America  87 

181.  A.  D.  1542.     From  Cape  Breton  to  Florida,  by  Rotz. 

From  Rotz's  Boke  of  Idrograpliy,  preserved  in  the  British  Museuui. 
The  Spanish  names  on  the  coast  are  corrupted.  Across  the  Gulf  of 
Maine  is  the  legend,  "The  new  fonde  Londe  quhaz  men  goeth  a 
fisching."  Kohl  thinks  it  perhaps  the  earliest  map  in  which  buffaloes 
are  depicted  in  the  inner  parts  of  the  Continent.  Cf.  Catalogue  of 
jVSS.  in  the  British  Museum  (1844),  i,  p.  23.  The  present  is  no.  17 
of  the  atlas.  Malte  Brun,  Hist,  de  la  Geog.  ed.  by  Huot,  i,  631;  Nar. 
and  Crit.  Hist.  America^  iv,  82,  and  for  outlines  of  parts  of  Rotz's 
maps,  p.  83.     See  ante  under  no.  55. 

-  A.  D.  1542. 

The  Ulpius  globe.  See  ante  under  no.  55,  and  in  Nar-.  and  Crit. 
Hist.  America,  iv,  p.  42. 

-  A.  D.  1543. 

The  map  of  Baptista  Agnese.     See  under  no.  56,  ante. 

-  A.  D.  1544. 

The  Cabot  mappemonde.  See  under  no.  56,  ante.  The  eastern  coast 
is  given  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iii,  22. 

The  sketch  maps  of  the  northeastern  coasts,  by  Allefonsce,  are 
delineated  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  pp.  74-77. 

-  A.  D.  1545. 

Miinster's  map,  which  was  re-engraved  in  the  Ptolemy  of  1552.  It 
is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  84. 

-  A.  D.  1545. 

The  map  in  Medina's  Arte  de  naz'egar,  which  is  reproduced  in  the 
Narrative  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  viii. 

-  A.  D.  1546. 

-  The  so-called  Henry  II.  map,  of  which  the  ea.st  coast  is  sketched  in 
the  A'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  in,  195,  and  the  map  of  Johannes 
Freire,  of  wliich  sketches  are  given  in  Ibid,  iv,  pp.  85,  86.  Cf.  in  this 
history,  rv,  ]){).  81-102,  a  section  on  "The  Cartography  of  the  north- 
east coa.st  of  North  America,  1535-1600." 

-  A.  D.  1547. 

The  Nicolas  \'allard  map,  of  which  a  portion  is  given  in  the  Nar. 
and  Crit.  Hist,  yimerica,  iv,  87. 

-  A.  I).  1548. 

The  majjs  in  the  I'tolemy  of  1548.  See  ante,  luider  no.  58.  Tlu- 
"Carta  marina"  is  given  in  facsimile  in  \.\\<:  Nar.  a)id  Crit.  /list,  of 
/Imcriia,  vol.  viii. 


88  Kohl  Collection 

—  A.  D.  1550. 

Gastaldi's  map  in  Ramusio,  put  about  this  date.  There  are  facsimiles 
in  the  Xar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  91,  and  in  Weise's  Discoveries 
of  America,  p.  356. 

See  the  maps  belonging  to  the  Riccardi  palace,  referred  to  ante, 
no.  93.  The  Stndi  biog.  e  bibliog.  soc.  Ital.  geog.,  11,  451,  452,  men- 
tions Portuguese  atlases  of  the  middle  of  this  century  presen-ed  in  the 
Bibliotheca  Riccardiana,  and  in  the  Royal  Library  at  Florence,  which 
contain  charts  of  the  east  coast  of  North  America. 

-  A.  D.  155-. 

A  MS.  map  which  belonged  to  Jomard,  a  sketch  of  which  is  given 
in  the  Xar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv,  88. 

182.  A.  D.  i55-(?)  From  the  Mississippi  (? )  River  to  45°  N. 
A  river  "  Rio  de  Flores"  is  apparently  the  Mississippi.  The  coun- 
try is  called  "Terra  del  licencia  dos  Aulloh," — thought  by  Kohl  to  be 
a  corruption  of  Ayllon's  name,  of  whose  explorations  the  map  is  prob- 
ably a  record.  It  is  from  a  MS.  atlas  ( 1556-1566)  in  the  British  Museum. 
A  man,  like  a  Chinaman,  and  an  elephant  are  depicted  in  the  interior. 

183.  A.  D.  i55-(?)     From  Nova  Scotia  to  Texas. 

From  a  MS.  atlas  in  the  Douce  collection  in  the  Bodleian  library. 
Texas  is  called  ' '  Topira. ' '  The  country  north  of  the  Gulf  of  Mexico 
is  called  ' '  Galiguza. ' '  The  general  name  of  the  continent  is  ' '  Florida. ' ' 
A  lion  asleep  is  depicted  in  the  interior. 

—  A.  D.  i55-(?) 

A  map  of  Martines  in  an  atlas  in  the  British  Musexim,  ascribed  to 
Martines.  It  is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11, 
p.  450.     See  ante,  no.  63. 

-  A.  D.  1554. 

The  Bellero  map  (see  ante,  no.  64),  of  which  a  facsimile  is  given  in 
the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  viii. 

Baptista  Agnese's  atlas  of  1554  also  shows  the  east  coast  in  several 
maps. 

—  A.  D.  1556. 

The  map  of  the  two  Americas  in  Ramusio  shows  the  east  coast  of 
North  America.  It  is  in  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America, 
II,  228.     Cf.  ante,  no.  66. 

The  map  of  Vopellio  mentioned  under  no.  66,  atite.  There  is  a  fac- 
simile of  it  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,    11,  p.  436. 

-  A.  D.  1558. 

In  the  atlas  of  Diego  Homem  in  the  British  Museum.  There  is  a 
sketch  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  92,  and  in  H.  H. 
Bancroft's  Northwest  Coast,  i,  50.     See  ante,  no.  67. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  89 

—  A.  D.  1561. 

Ruscelli's  "Tierra  Nueva"  in  the  Ptolemy  of  1561.  See  ante,  under 
no.  69,  and  a  sketch  and  references  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Amer- 
ica, IV.  92. 

184.  A.  D.  1562.    From  Cape  Breton  to  Florida,  by  D.  Guitierrez. 

From  an  engraved  map,  Aniericcz  sive  quarlce  o)bis partis  iioza  et 
exactissima  descj'iptio.  Aiictore  Diego  Gutierro,  Philippi  regis  Hisp. 
cosuiographo.  Hieron.  Cock  excud.  1562.  If  the  "  Ba.  deS.  Maria"  is 
our  Chesapeake,  the  "R.  Salado"  (Salt  river)  and  "R.  de  S.  Spirito" 
are  relics  of  early  Spanish  visits  to  the  Potomac  region.  The  coast 
further  north  is  as  confused  in  outline  and  names,  as  usual,  for  this 
period. 

185.  A.  D.  1565.     Florida,  etc.,  by  Lemoyne. 

This  extends  from  the  South  Carolina  to  the  Alabama  coast,  and  the 
original  is  an  engraved  map  in  the  Brevis  Narratio,  describing  Lau- 
donniere's  expedition,  as  published  in  1591  by  De  Bry.  The  Spanish 
names  on  the  Carolina  coast  indicate  that  Lemoyne  used  Spanish 
drafts  of  that  coast.  A  trace  of  the  sea  of  Verrazano  is  seen  at  the 
north. 

The  map  is  reproduced  in  Gaffarel's  Floride  Fratifaise,  in  Shipp's 
De  Soto  and  Florida,  and  in  part  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Ainerica, 
II,  274. 

—  A.  D.   1566. 

The  map  of  Nicholas  des  Liens  in  the  Bibliotheque  Nationale  at 
Paris.  It  shows  the  coast  from  Labrador  to  Venezuela.  It  is  sketched 
in  the  JVar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  79. 

—  A.  D.  1566. 

Zaltieri's  map.  See  ante,  under  no.  69.  '  There  is  a  facsimile  in  the 
Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  p.  451. 

—  A.  D.  1568. 

The  map  of  Diegus  in  the  Royal  Library  at  Dresden  shows  the  east 
coast. 

—  A.  I).  1569. 

The  great  M creator  map.  The  east  coast  is  shown  in  the  sketch  in 
the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  .hnerica,  iv,  94  (also  in  11,  p.  452);  and  in  a 
facsimile,  /did.,  iv,  p.  373,  and  also  in  Weise's  Disco'c'erics 0/ America, 
p.  360,  and  in  his  Hist.  0/  Albany,  p.  4.     See  ante,  under  no.  71. 

—  A.  I).  1570. 

Ortelius's  map  of  America.  A  sketch  of  the  east  coast  is  given  in 
the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  .Itnerica,  iv,  95.  Cf.  ante,  no.  72.  The 
map  was  repeated  in  later  editions,  1575,  1584;  re-engraved,  1587,  etc. 


90  KoJil  Collection 

—  A.  D.  1572. 

Porcacchi's  map,  of  which  the  east  coast  is  shown  in  the  sketch 
given  in  the  Xar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Aiiwrica,  iv,  96.  Cf.  ante,  under 
no.  72.     Repeated  in  1576,  etc. 

—  A.  D.  1573. 

A  Spanish  niappenionde,  given  by  Lelewel,  i,  pi.  7,  shows  the  east 
coast. 

—  A.  D.  1574- 

Two  maps  of  this  date  in  Theatri  Orbis  tcrrariim  enchiridion  (1585) 
of  Philippus  Gallseus  "per  Hugonem  Favolium  illustratum,"  show 
the  east  coast. 

186.  A.  T).  1578.     From  Florida  to  45°  N.,  by  Martines. 

From  a  MS.  atlas  (no.  15)  in  the  British  Museum.  Kohl  remarks 
on  its  inferiority  to  Riber<)'s  map  (1529),  and  says  that  the  Spanish 
maps  degenerated  for  a  long  time  after  Ribero.  The  country  is  called 
"  La  Florida."    See  sketch  in  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  229. 

187.  A.  D.  1578.     East  Coast  by  Martines. 

A  very  inaccurate  sketch  of  the  coast  from  Labrador  to  the  Gulf  of 
Mexico,  in  which  the  peninsula  of  Florida  and  the  gulf  of  St.  Law- 
rence are  only  recognizable.  The  original  belongs  to  a  MS.  atlas  by 
Joan  Martines  in  the  British  Museum.  The  main  is  called  "Nova 
Spagna."  The  St.  Lawrence  river  and  the  Hudson  seem  to  unite  and 
form  a  channel,  making  New  England  an  island.  There  is  a  sketch 
of  it  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  97. 

188.  A.  D.  1578.     The  same. 
A  rough  sketch. 

—  A.  D.  1580. 

The  map  of  John  Dee,  in  the  British  Museum.     Cf.  ante,  no.  96. 

—  A.  D.  1582. 

Lok's  map,  which  appeared  in  Hakluyt's  Divers  Voyages,  and  is 
reproduced  in  Winter  Jones's  edition  of  that  book,  and  in  the  A'ar. 
and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iii,  40,  and  iv,  44,  and  in  Weise's  Discove^'ies 
of  America,  p.  7. 

The  map  of  the  Mercator  type  in  Popelliniere's  Trois  mondes  shows 
the  east  coast. 

—  A.  D.  1585. 

John  White's  map  of  the  coast  from  the  Chesapeake  to  the  Gulf  of 
Mexico,  preserved  among  the  De  Bry  drawings  in  the  British  Museum, 
and  first  engraved  for  Dr.  Edward  Eggleston's  paper  in  the  Century 
Blagaziiie,  November,  1882.  A  sketch  of  it  is  given  in  the  Nar.  and 
Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  45. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  91 

188  A.  I).  1587. 

The  map  in  Hakluyt's  edition  of  Peter  Martyr.  Cf.  mite,  under 
no.  79. 

The  map  (^1587)  in  Johannes  Myritius'  Opuscuhcni  Geographicuni, 
Ingolstadt,  1590. 

189.  A.  D.  1590.     Old  Virg-inia  by  John  White. 

This  shows  Chesapeake  bay  and  the  North  Carolina  coast.  This  is 
the  map  by  De  Bry  attached  to  the  Admirattda  Narratio,  descriptive 
of  the  experiences  of  Raleigh's  company  in  1585.  The  map  is  in- 
scribed, "  autore  Joanne  With;  sculptore  Theodoro  De  Bry."  Kohl 
believes  With  to  be  the  same  as  Gov.  White  of  that  colony.  Parts  of 
the  map  are  supposed  to  have  been  drawn  from  Ralph  Lane's  notes. 
There  is  a  heliotype  of  it  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iii, 
124.  Other  facsimiles  are  given  in  the  histories  of  North  Carolina  by 
Hawks  and  by  Wheeler,  and  in  Gay's  Popular  Hist,  of  t/ie  United 
States,  I,  243. 

The  "  Ould  Virginia,"  in  Smith's  Gencrall  Historie  c\o&e\y  resem- 
bles this  map,  adding,  however,  the  entrance  to  the  Chesapeake  at  the 
north. 

190.  A.  D.  1590.     The  same. 
A  rough  sketch. 

191.  A.  D.  1590.     Roanoke    Island   and  Albemarle    Sound,  by- 

White. 

The  original  of  this  is  in  the  engraved  series  of  White's  drawings, 
published  by  De  Bry.  It  is  marked  " '  The  arrival  of  the  Englishmen 
in  Virginia"  [1584].     See  post,  no.  202. 

192.  A.  D.  1580.     East  Coast  by  F.  Simon. 

From  Cape  Breton  to  the  Carolina  coast.  A  sketch  without  annota- 
tion by  Kohl. 

193.  A.  I).  1592.     East  Coast  from  Molineaux's  Globa. 

From  Florida  to  the  St.  Lawrence.  The  original  globe  is  in  the 
INIiddle  Temple,  London.  Kohl  calls  it  a  curious  mixture  of  Si)anisli 
and  English  sources  About  Nova  Scotia  there  are  traces  of  a  Portu- 
guese nomenclature.  Cf.  sketch  in  J\'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America, 
III,  213. 

—  A.  D.  1592. 

Hood's  map,  reproduced  in  Kunstmann's  Atlas,  and  the  east  coast 
sketched  in  the  Xar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  in,  197,  with  refer- 
ences, p.  196. 

—  A.  D.  1593. 

The  map  in  the  Speculum  Orbis  7'errariun  of  Cornelius  de  Judicis. 
It  is  sketchefl  in  the  Xar.  and  Cril.  Hist.  .Imerica,  iv,  97. 

The  niapof  the  Mercator  type  in  MafTeius's  Historiaru)n  Indicarnm, 
lihri  X\'I. 


92  KoJil  Collection 

—  A.  D.  1594. 

The  map  ( 1594)  of  Planciusin  the  Amsterdam  edition  of  Linschoten, 
1596.     It  was  re-engraved  in  the  Latin  Linschoten  (Hague,  1599). 

—  A.  D.  1596. 

I)e  Bry's  map.  It  is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America, 
IV,  99. 

194.  A.  D.  1597.     East  Coast  by  Wytfliet. 

From  Cape  Breton  to  vSouth  Carolina.  The  original  is  an  engraved 
map  in  Wj'tfliet's  Descriptionis  Ptolcniaiccc  Augmcntuin,  published 
in  1597.  Kohl  thinks  it  shows  the  earliest  attempt  at  tracing  the 
Alleghany  Mountains.  The  parts  of  the  coast  above  North  Carolina 
are  difficult  to  identify  beyond  a  question. 

Wytfliet's  map  of  the  coast  of  New  Brunswick  and  Labrador  is  given 
in  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  100,  and  of 
Florida  and  Carolina  coasts  in  Ibid.,  11,  281,  and  his  map  of  America, 
in  Ibid.,  11,  p.  459. 

—  A.  D.  1597. 

The  maps  in  the  Ptolemies  of  this  year  (nos.  2,  29,  34,  35),  published 
at  Arnheim  and  Cologne,  being  the  same  edition. 

—  A.  D.  1598. 

The  maps  in  the  Basle  edition  of  Miinster's  Cosmographia,  and  in 
the  English  (Wolfe's)  edition  of  Linschoten. 

—  A.  D.  1600. 

The  map  of  Quadus.     See  a7ite,  no.  99. 

The  map  of  Molineaux,  which  was  reproduced  by  the  Hakluji;  So- 
ciety in  1880,  and  of  which  a  sketch  of  the  east  coast  can  be  found  in 
the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iii,  216,  iv,  377. 

The  map  in  Metullus's  America,  based  on  Wytfliet. 

The  map  by  Jodocus  Hondius  of  about  this  time,  which  is  repro- 
duced in  the  Hakluyt  Society's  edition  of  Drake's  World  Encom- 
passed. 

—  A.  D.  1601. 

The  map  in  Herrera's  Descripcion  de  tas  Indias. 

—  A.  D.  1603. 

A  map  by  Botero  in  his  Relaciones,  of  which  a  sketch  of  a  part  of 
the  east  coast  is  given  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  378. 

—  A.  D.  1606. 

The  map  in  Cespedes'  Regimiento  de  Navigacion  (Madrid,  1606). 


Maps  Relating  to  America  93 

195.  A.  D.  1606.     Champlain's  Map  of  Chatham  Harbor,  Cape 

Cod. 

This  is  taken  from  the  1613  edition  of  Champlain;  and  is  reproduced 
in  the  Quebec  and  Boston  editions  of  Champlain. 

196.  A.  D.  1606.     Champlain's  Map  of  Gloucester  Harbor,  Cape 

Ann. 

This  is  taken  from  the  1613  edition  of  Champlain;  and  is  reproduced 
in  the  Boston  and  Quebec  editions  of  Champlain. 

197.  A.  D.  1606.     Champlain's  Map  of  St.  Croix  Island. 

This  is  taken  from  the  1613  edition  of  Champlain.  It  is  reproduced 
in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America.,  iv,  137,  as  well  as  in  the  Boston 
and  Quebec  editions  of  Champlain. 

—  A.  D.  1606. 

Champlain's  map  of  the  harbor  of  Plymouth,  Mass.  It  is  repro- 
duced from  the  1613  edition,  in  the  Quebec  and  Boston  editions  of 
Champlain,  in  the  I\Iag.  of  Amer.  History,  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit. 
Hist.  America,  iv,  109,  and  in  W.  T.  Davis's  Anc.  Landmarks  oj 
Plymouth,  35. 

—  A.  D.  1609. 

Lescarbot's  map.  Cf.  a7ite,  no.  165,  and  facsimile  in  Nar.  and  Crit. 
Hist.  America,  iv,  152,  with  another  in  the  Memorial  Hist,  of  Bos- 
to7i,  I,  p.  49.  The  same  map  reappeared  in  the  editions  of  L,escarbot 
in  161 1  and  1612,  and  in  the  English  edition,  called  Nova  Francia,  in 
1609.  There  are  other  facsimiles  of  the  map  in  Tross's  reprint  of 
Lescarbot,  in  Faillon's  Colonic  Frangaise,  i,  85,  and  in  the  Pophani 
J\Iemorial. 

Also  his  map  of  Annapolis  Basin,  Nova  Scotia,  reproduced  in  the 
Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  140,  together  with  Champlain's 
(p.  141)  of  the  same. 

—  A.  D.  1610. 

A  rude  map  of  the  coast  of  New  England  and  Acadia  in  the  Poore 
Collection  of  French  Documents  in  the  Statehouse,  Boston;  sketched 
in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  143. 

—  .\.  D.  16 1 2- 1 3. 

The  coasts  of  Labrador,  Acadia,  and  New  England  are  shown  in 
Champlain's  two  general  maps  of  1612  and  1613,  which,  beside  being 
reproduced  in  tlie  Boston  and  Quebec  editions  of  his  Works  and 
CEuvres,  are  given  also  in  facsimile,  with  references,  in  the  N^ar.  and 
Crit.   Hist.  America,  iv,  pp.  380,  381,  382. 

—  \.  D.  1613. 

The  map  in  connection  with  De  Quir's  narrative  in  the  Dctcctionis 
Freti.  etc.     Amsterdam,  1613. 


94  Kohl  Collection 

The  map  of  the  New  \\\  ild  in  the  Hondius-Mercator  Atlas  of  1613, 
and  the  special  maps  of  Virginia  and  Florida. 

The  western  hemisphere  by  Michael  Mercator  in  the  same. 
The  map  of  Johannes  Oliva  in  the  British  Museum. 

198.  A.  D.  1614.     John  Smith's  New  England. 

Kohl  followed  the  map  in  the  Gcncrall  History,  1632.  The  map 
first  appeared  in  his  Description  0/  Nezu  England  (l^ondon,  1616). 
Tlie  same  plate,  successively  changed  or  added  to  was  used  in  later 
issues  associated  with  Smith's  name,  and  a  collation  of  the  map  in  all 
these  issues  shows  that  copies  of  it  exist  in  at  least  ten  different  states 
of  the  plate.  These  are  all  indicated  in  the  Memorial  Hist,  of  Bos- 
ton, I,  p.  52,  whence  the  detailed  statement  in  Arber's  edition  of 
Smith  is  copied.  The  map  was  copied  by  Hulsius  in  1617,  was  used 
several  times  by  him,  and  one  state  or  another  of  Smith's  plate  has 
been  repeatedly  reproduced  in  later  days,  as  described  in  the  Mem. 
Hist.  Boston,  to  whose  enumeration  may  be  added  the  facsimile  in 
the  volumes  of  The  English  Scholars^  Library,  edited  by  Edward 
Arber  ( London,  1884),  entitled  Capt.  John  Smith:  Works;  and  the 
map  called  Nouvelle  Angleterre  exactement  decrite  par  le  Capitaine 
Jean  Smith  dans  les  deux  voyages  fails  en  161 4  et  1615,  published  at 
Leyden  in  1780. 

199.  A.  D.  1616.     New  Netherland. 

This  shows  the  coast  from  below  Chesapeake  Bay  to  beyond  the 
Penobscot,  and  is  the  so-called  "Figurative  map,"  discovered  in  Hol- 
land by  Brodhead.  Portions  of  this  map  are  shown  in  the  Nar.  and 
Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iv,  433;  Cassell's  United  States,  i,  247;  Mem. 
Hist.  Boston,  i,  p.  57.  The  whole  map  is  given  in  Doc.  relative  to 
the  Colonial  Hist,  of  N.  Y.  i,  13,  and  in  O'Callaghan's  A'i?z£'iVi?/'^^r- 
land.  See  the  section  on  early  maps  of  New  England  in  the  Nar. 
and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  in,  p.  381. 

200.  A.  D.  1618.     Lescarbot's  Florida. 

From  upper  Florida  to  Port  Royal.  Taken  from  the  plate  in  the 
1618  edition  of  his  Nouvelle  France.  Kohl  says  some  of  his  errors 
respecting  the  region  about  St.  Augustine  were  copied  by  De  Laet  (see 
post,  no.  203).  The  "Riviere  de  May  "  is  made  to  flow  to  the  sea  from 
a  "  Grand  lac"  in  the  interior.  Lescarbot  professes  to  have  marked 
not  a  thirtieth  part  of  the  Indian  villages,  while  he  names  those  which 
he  gives  after  their  chiefs. 

201.  A.  D.  1621.     A.  Jacobsz'  Americse  Septentrionalis  pars. 

This  is  the  engraved  facsimile  of  a  printed  map  in  Dr  E.  B.  O'Cal- 
laghan's  Docuinents  relating  to  the  Colonial  History  of  Nczv  York, 
given  as  "  from  the  West-Indische  Paskaert,  beschreven  door  A.  lacobsz 
[1621],"  published  at  Amsterdam.  It  shows  the  coast  from  Labrador 
to  the  island  of  Trinidad,  with  the  Central  American  coast  on  the 
Pacific  side. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  95 

There  is  a  sketch  of  a  part  of  the  east  coast  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit. 
Hist.  America,  iv,  383,  and  facsimiles  are  in  Valentine's  Nezu  York 
City  ManuaL  1858,  and  in  the  Penn.  Archives,  2d  ser.  vol.  v. 

202.  A.  D.  1622.     Roanoke  by  Strachey. 

Though  thus  marked  differently,  this  is  the  same  map  as  no.  191. 

—  A.  D.  1622. 

The  maps  of  the  two  Americas  in  Kasper  von  Baerle's  edition  of 
H  err  era. 

—  A.  D.  1624. 

The  map  of  the  New  England  and  Nova  Scotia  coasts,  which 
appeared  in  Alexander's  Encourageme?it  to  Colonies,  was  reproduced 
in  Purchas's  Pilgrims,  iv,  p.  1872,  and  is  given  in  facsimile  in  the 
N'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iii,  306. 

203.  A.  D.  1625.     Florida  by  De  Laet. 

This  is  from  the  original  edition  of  De  Laet  in  1625,  and  includes 
the  country  from  Virginia  to  the  Mississippi.  It  was  repeated  in  later 
editions,  and  is  called  "Florida  et  regiones  vicina\"  The  inland 
geography  is  based  on  De  Soto's  journey.  The  Mississippi  is  a  bay, 
"  Bahia  del  Spiritu  Santo,"  fed  by  many  streams.  For  Florida  (pen- 
insula) he  seems  to  have  depended  on  the  accounts  of  Menendez,  and 
for  vSoutli  Carolina  on  L,escarbot  (see  ante,  no.  200).  An  interior  lake 
(Lacus  Magnus)  may  have  grown  from  some  rumor.  Kohl  thinks,  of 
Lake  Erie,  but  it  was  in  the  Lescarbot's  map  in  1618.  A  facsimile  of 
the  North  Carolina  coast  is  given  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America, 
III,  p.  125. 

—  A.  D.  1625. 

Brigg's  map  in  Purchas's  Pilgrims,  iii.     See  ante,  no.  167. 

The  map  of  Virginia  and  Florida  in  Ibid.,  iii,  869  (after  Hondius). 

—  A.  D.  1626. 

The  map  of  this  date  in  vSpeed's  Prospect,  London,  1676. 

204.  A.  I).  1630.     From  Carolina  to  Nova  Scotia  by  De  Laet. 
This  is  the  "Nova  Anglia,   Novum   Belgium   et  Virginia"  of    De 

Laet's  jVovus  Orbis  of  1630.  It  seems  to  combine  the  results  of  the 
French,  Dutch,  and  English  explorations,  and  names  in  the  corre- 
sponding languages  a])pear  along  the  coast.  The  Delaware  rises  in  a 
large  lake,  which  Kohl  thinks  may  have  been  inten.ded  for  Lake 
Ontario.  The  "  Grand  Lac  "  at  the  north  would  indicate  some  knowl- 
edge of  Chaniplain's  discoveries.  vSmith's  map  of  Chesapeake  Bay 
and  White's  map  of  Virginia  are  followed  in  part.  Portions  are  given 
in  facsimile  in  the  N^ar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  ^imerica,  iii,  125,  iv,  436. 
Cf.  sketch  of  De  Laet's  "Nova  I'rancia  et  regiones  adjacentes,"  in 
the  A'a;-.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  3S4. 

—  .\.  I).  1632. 

Chani])lain"s  great  map.     ^t-a  ante,  no.  170. 
i 


96  Kohl  Collection 

205.  A.  D.  1634.     William  Wood's  New  England. 

It  shows  the  coast  from  York  (Me.),  to  Narragansett  Bay.  This  is 
the  "South  Part  of  New  England  as  it  is  planted  this  yeare,  1634," 
belonging  to  Wood's  New  England's  Prospect,  London,  1634. 

There  are  facsimiles  in  the  3Iem.  Hist.  Boston,  i,  p.  524;  Palfrey's 
New  England,  \,  p.  360;  Young's  Chronicles  of  Mass.  389,  and  sepa- 
rately reproduced  by  Wm.  B.  Fowle  in  1846. 

—  A.  D.  1634. 

A  MS.  map  of  the  Massachusetts  Baj'  Colony  of  about  this  year, 
made  apparently  by  Gov.  Winthrop,  found  among  the  Sloane  MSS. 
in  the  British  IVIuseum  in  1884  by  Henry  F.  Waters.  A  full  size  pho- 
tographic facsimile  was  made  for  the  Boston  Public  Library;  a  smaller, 
but  less  defective  one,  was  made  for  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Amer- 
ica, vol.  III. 

206.  A.  p.  1635.     Maryland. 

This  is  the  "Nova  Terrae-Marige  tabula"  which  appeared  in  The 
Relation  of  ISTaryland,  London,  1635.  Smith's  map  is  followed  in  the 
main  for  Chesapeake  Bay,  with  some  details  omitted,  and  others  added. 
The  names  on  the  Potomac  are  those  given  by  Lord  Baltimore's  colony, 
not  by  Smith.  Cf.  reproduction  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America, 
III,  525.»  It  was  followed  in  Ogilby's  America  (London,  1671).  See 
post,  under  1670-73. 

—  A.  D.  1635. 

The  map  "Nova  Belgica  et  Anglia  Nova"  in  the  Nieuwe  Atlas  of 
Blaeu,  Am.sterdam,  1635,  which  was  largely  followed  by  Dudley. 

The  map  "Partie  m^ridionale  de  la  Virginie  et  de  Floride,"  pub- 
lished by  Vander  Aa. 

—  A.  D.  1636. 

The  maps  in  the  English  edition  of  the  Mercator-Hondius  Atlas, 
translated  by  Henry  Hexham,  and  printed  at  Amsterdam,  in  1636. 
Beside  the  general  maps  in  vols,  i  and  11,  there  are  in  vol.  11 
special  maps  of  Yirginia,  apparently  following  Smith;  of  the  coast 
from  the  Chesapeake  to  Texas;  while  the  map  "Nova  Anglia,  Novum 
Belgium  et  Virginia"  shows  the  coast  from  Nova  Ccotia  to  Carolina. 
The  New  England  part  is  a  mixture  of  Smith's  draft  and  the  Dutch 
maps.  The  Delaware  rises  in  a  large  lake,  which  is  connected  by 
another  stream  with  the  Hudson. 

207.  A.  D.  1638.    New  England,  New  Netherland,  and  Virginia 

by  J.  Jansson. 

This  closely  resembles  no.  204,  and  covers  the  same  territory. 

—  A.  D.  1646. 

Maps  by  Petrus  Kaerius,  dated  1646,  in  Speed's  Prospect,  London, 
1668.     See  post,  under  1651. 


Maps  Relating  to  A))icrica  97 

—  A.  D.  1646. 

Dudley's  maps  of  the  east  coast  in  his  Arcano  del  Mare  are  sketched 
in  the  Xar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  A)iierica,  iii,  303,  iv,  385.  One  of  them 
was  re-engraved  iji  the  Documentary  Hist,  of  X.   Y. 

His  Arcano  contains  the  following  special  charts: 

1.  Gulf  of  St.  Lawrence  and  adjacent  parts  (see  ante,  under  no.  172). 

2.  The  coast  from  Monhegan  to  Cape  ^lay. 

3.  The  coast  from  Cape  May  to  Florida. 

4.  Chesapeake  Bay  and  the  North  Carolina  sounds. 

—  A.  D.  1650. 

A  map  of  the  New  England  coast,  of  which  a  drawing  is  in  the 
3lass.  Arctiives,  Docs.  Coltected  in  France,  11,  61,  and  a  sketch  in  the 
Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  iii.  382. 

—  A.  I).  1651. 

Map  of  this  date  in  Speed's  Prospect,  London,  1676.  See  ante, 
under  1646. 

—  A.  D.  1651. 

Visscher's  map  of  Delaware  Bay,  in  Campanius,  which  is  repro- 
duced in  Eagle's  Pennsylvania,  43,  and  in  the  Xar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  iv,  467. 

—  A.  I).  1651. 

The  curiously  distorted  Mapp  of  Virginia,  showing  the  coast  from 
New  England  to  North  Carolina,  by  "  Doniina  Virginia  Farrer," 
published  in  London  165 1,  and  reproduced  in  the  Xar.  and  Crit. 
Hist.  America,  iii,  465.     Cf.  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.  Proc.  xx,  102. 

—  A.  D.  1651. 

Map  of  the  Chesapeake  based  on  John  Smith's,  in  Atlas  Minor 
published  by  Jannson  at  Amsterdam,  vol.  11,  p.  389. 

—  A.  D.  1652. 

The  general  maps  of  America  by  C.  F.  Visscher  (autore  N.  L  Pis- 
cator),  with  the  special  map  of  New  Netherland,  which  is  reproduced 
by  Asher.     Cf.  maps  under  no.  100,  ante. 

208.   A.  D.  1654.     LindstrOm's  New  Sweden. 

This  is  a  map  of  the  Delaware  River  and  Bay,  made  by  a  Swedish 
engineer.  It  is  given  in  the  Xar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  .Imerica,  iv,  4S1; 
Xouv.  Annates  des  Voyages,  Mars,  1843;  Penna.  Hist.  Soc.  Memoirs, 
iii;  Gay's  Pop.  Hist.  United  States,  11,  154. 

The  MS.  map  of  Lindstrom  was  on  a  nmch  larger  scale,  and  this 
has  been  engraved  in  Reynold's  edition  of  .\crelius. 
II 606 — 04 7 


g8  Kohl  Collection 

—  A.  D.  1654. 

A  Pascacrt  published  at  Amsterdam  has  these  maps  of  the  coast: 

No.  13.   From  Labrador  to  the  Chesapeake. 

No.  14.  From  Delaware  Bay  to  Trinidad. 

No.  15.  From  Nova  Scotia  to  Carolina.  . 

209.  A.  D.  1656.     Vanderdonck's  New  Netherland. 

From  the  Delaware  to  beyond  the  Connecticut,  with  the  valley  of 
the  Hudson.  It  accompanied  Adrian  Vanderdonck's  Beschrijvinge 
vail  Nieuw  Nedelant,  Amsterdam,  1656,  and  there  is  a  heliotype  of  it 
in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  438,  and  facsimiles  are  in 
various  other  places  there  enumerated,  as  well  as  in  Weise's  Hist,  of 
Albany,  47. 

210.  A.  D.  1656.     Sanson's  Canada. 

Shows  the  coast  from  Labrador  to  the  Chesapeake.  This  is  a  pre- 
liminary sketch.  Cf.  ante,  iinder  no.  172.  It  is  partly  sketched  in 
the  Na7'.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Avierica,  iii,  456;  iv,  391. 

—  A.  D.  1659. 

Map  in  Petavius's  (Petau's)  History  of  the  World. 
The  coast  charts  in  Doncker's  Zee-Atlas,  repeated  in  later  editions. 
The  "  Novi  Belgii,  novseque  Anglise  necnon  Partis  Virginise  tabulae  " 
of  N.  L.  Visscher,  published  at  Amsterdam,  1659. 

—  A.  D.  1660. 

The  map  in  Creuxius's  Historia  Canadensis  shows  the  east  coast. 
See  ante,  no.  173.  This  map  is  given  in  facsimile  in  Shea's  Missis- 
sippi, p.  50,  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  p.  389,  and  in 
Martin's  transl.  of  Bressani's  Relation. 

—  A.  D.  1661. 

The  "  Pascaerte  van  Nieu  Nederland  "  in  Van  Loon's  Atlas  (no.  46), 
and  the  coast  north  of  Boston  in  no.  45. 

—  A.  D.  1662. 

A  map  of  the  Carolina  coast,  as  explored  by  "William  Hilton  and 
drafted  by  William  Shapley.  A  facsimile  of  the  original  in  the  British 
Museum  is  given  in  the  Mass.  Hist.  Soc.  Proceedings,  December,  1883, 
p.  402,  and  a  sketch  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  v. 

—  A.  D.  1662. 

Map  of  the  New  England  and  New  Netherland  coast  in  the  Blaeu 
Atlas,  in  the  volvune  called  Am-erica,  pars  quinta.  It  was  repeated  in 
the  edition  of  1685.  There  is  a  sketch  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
Am,erica,  iv,  391. 


Maps  Relatijig  to  America  99 

—  A.  D.  1663. 

The  map  of  the  new  world  of  this  date  used  in  Heylin's  Cosino- 
graphie,  1666,  1674,  1677. 

—  A.  D.  1663. 

A  MS.  map  of  the  coast  of  Acadia,  of  which  a  copy  is  preserved  in 
the  Poore  collection  in  the  Mass.  Archives,  and  is  sketched  in  the  Nar. 
and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  148. 

—  A.  D.  1666. 

A  map  of  "  De  Noord  Rivier  "  published  at  Middleburgh,  and  also 
in  Goos's  Zee-Atlas,  shows  the  coast  about  New  York  harbor.  It  is 
reproduced  in  the  Lenox  edition  of  the  Vertoogh  and  Breeden  Raedt 
and  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  440. 

—  A.  D.  1666. 

A  map  of  the  Carolina  coast  appended  to  A  brief  Description  of  the 
Province  of  Carolina,  London,  1666.  The  map  is  reproduced  in 
Hawks's  North  Carolina,  and  in  Gay's  Pop.  Hist.  United  States,  11, 
285. 

—  A.  D.  1669. 

The  map  "Am^rique  Septentrionale  "  of  G.  Sanson. 

—  A.  D.  1670. 

The  map  of  the  Carolina  region  given  in  John  Lederer's  Discoveries, 
London,  1672.  There  is  a  sketch  of  it  in  Hawks's  North  Carolina, 
and  a  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  v. 

—  A.  D.  1670-73. 

The  maps  in  Montanus,  Dapper,  and  Ogilby  at  this  time  were  mainly 
from  the  same  plates,  but  there  were  exceptions: 

1.  De  nieuwe  en  onbekende  Weereld  door  Arnold  Montanus, 
Amsterdam,  1671.  The  map  of  America  is  marked  "  per  Gerardum  a 
Schagen,"  and  represents  the  great  lakes  beyond  Ontario  merged 
into  one.     Some  copies  are  dated  1670. 

2.  Die  unbckantc  Nene  Welt  .  .  .  durch  Dr.  O.  D.  (i.  e.  Olfert 
Dapper);  the  name  of  Montanus,  from  whom  it  is  a  translation,  not 
appearing.  It  is  published  by  the  .same  Jacob  von  Meurs  as  no.  i,  but 
omits  the  dedication  to  the  Prince  of  Nassau,  and  has  a  different 
"  privilegium  "  and  a  "  Vorrede  an  den  Leser,"  not  in  no.  i.  It  has 
the  same  map  of  America,  but  it  is  newly  engraved,  with  different 
vignettes,  and  is  marked  "  per  Jacobum  Meunsium." 

3.  America,  being  an  accurate  description  of  the  New  World,  Lon- 
don, 1670.  This  is  mainly  a  translation  of  Montanus  by  John  Ogilby, 
and  notwithstanding  the  date  (1670)  in  the  title,  there  is  a  reference 
on  p.  211  to  the  "  pre.sent  year,  167 1."  Most  of  the  maps  and  engrav- 
ings are  from  the  plates  used  in  nos.  i  and  2;  but  the  map  of  America 


L  cfC. 


loo  Kohl  Collection 

is  an  entirely  different  one,  marked  ' '  per  Johannem  Ogiluium  .  .  . 
F.  Lamb,  sculp."  A  part  of  this  map  is  given  in  facsimile  in  the  Nar. 
and  Crit.  Hist.  America^  iv,  393.  There  is  an  extra  map  of  the  Chesa- 
peake, of  English  make,  beside  the  one  taken  from  ]Montanus,  and 
also  English  maps  of  Jamaica  and  Barbadoes,  not  in  Montanus. 

4.  America;  being  the  latest  and  most  accurate  description  of  the 
Neu'  World.  This  is  made  up  of  the  same  sheets  as  no.  3,  with  a 
new  title  and  an  appendix,  not  in  no.  3.  The  maps  of  no.  3  are 
repeated. 

The  map  in  Richard  Blome's  English  Empire  in  America,  in  which 
he  followed  Sanson. 

Of  about  this  date  is  a  chart  of  the  New  England  coast  with  sound- 
ings (measuring  5j^  x  2j\  feet),  found  in  1884  by  H.  F.  Waters  in 
the  British  IMuseum. 

—  A.  D.  1675. 

A  Dutch  atlas  of  Rogger\'een,  published  in  several  languages,  known 
in  English  as  the  Burning  Fen,  contains  various  coast  charts: 

No.  I.   Cape  Breton  to  South  Carolina. 

No.  2.   Newfoundland  to  New  England. 

No.  29.   North  Carolina,  with  Chesapeake  and  Delaware  bays. 

No.  30.  The  Delaware  Bay,  mouth  of  the  Hudson,  and  Long 
Island. 

No.  31.   Narragansett  to  New  York. 

There  are  enumerations  of  Dutch  Zee-Atlassen  in  the  Inventuris 
der  Verzanteling  Kaarten  berustende  in  het  Rijks-Archief,  (s'Grav- 
enhage,  1867),  and  in  P.  A.  Tide's  Nederlandsche  Bibliographie  van 
Land-  en  Volkenkunde,  (Amsterdam,  1884). 

See  post,  no.  218,  for  Seller's  map  of  New  England. 

—  A.  D.  1676. 

The  maps  of  New  England  and  New  York,  in  Speed's  Prospect, 
based  largely  on  the  Dutch  drafts;  of  Virginia  and  Maryland,  based 
on  Smith;  and  of  the  Carolinas. 

—  A.  D.  1677. 

The  map  in  Hubbard's  Narrative  of  the  Troubles  in  New  England, 
Boston,  1677,  and  London,  1677, — the  latter  plate  being  reproduced 
in  Palfrey's  Nezv  England,  iii,  p.  155,  and  in  Judge  Davis's  ed.  of 
Morton's  Memorial. 

—  A.  D.  1680. 

A  chart  of  the  coasts  of  Maine,  New  Hampshire,  Massachusetts, 
and  New  Plymouth  (measuring  },^^_  x  2yT  feet),  discovered  in  the 
British  Museum  by  H.  F.  Waters  in  1884. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  loi 

—  A.  D.  1680. 

A  map  of  the  New  England  coast  in  the  French  Archives,  copied 
by  Mr.  Poore  in  the  French  documents  {Mass.  Archives')  ^  and  sketched 
in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iii,  383. 

Maps  of  the  New  Netherland  coast,  including  New  England,  much 
resembling  one  another,  are  found  dating  probably  about  this  time, 
though  the  year  is  usually  lacking,  respectively  assigned  to  Jannson, 
Schenck,  Visschei\  Danckers,  Ottens,  Allard,  vSeutter,  etc.  They  are 
Dutch  and  German,  and  were  probably  occasioned  by  the  temporary 
success  of  the  Dutch  at  New  Amsterdam  in  1673. 

211  and  212.  A.  D.  1682.     Wilson's  Carolina. 

(Two  copies.) 

Shows  the  coa.st  from  the  Chesapeake  to  vSt.  Augustine,  with  a  cor- 
ner map  of  the  Cooper  and  Ashley  rivers.  From  a  printed  xnap  be- 
longing to  Samuel  Wilson's  Account  of  t/ie  Province  of  Carolina  in 
America,  London,  1682.  The  map  is  called  "A  new  Description  of 
Carolina,  by  order  of  the  Lords  Proprietors."  The  book  throws  no 
light  on  the  origin  of  the  map,  but  Kohl  .suspects  White's  map  may 
have  been  the  basis  of  the  North  Carolina  part,  and  Wm.  Sayle's  sur- 
veys have  been  used  for  the  more  southerly  parts.  Kohl  .says  that  the 
boundary  line  here  given  between  Carolina  and  Virginia  is  the  earliest 
in.stance  of  its  being  laid  down  in  a  map.  The  river  INIa}-  flows  from  a 
large  "A.shley  Lake." 

It  is  also  found  in  Chas.  Deane's  copy  of  Ogilby's  America,  and 
perhaps  in  other  copies. 

—  A.  D.  1683. 

Hennepin's  Carte  de  la  Nonvelle  France  shows  the  east  coast.  See 
ante,  under  no.  179. 

213.   A.  D.  1684.     Hack's  Carolina. 

This  map  is  very  nearly  identical  with  nos.  211  and  212,  and  is 
signed  "Made  by  William  Hack  at  the  signe  of  Great  Britaine  and 
Ireland,  near  new  stairs  in  Wapping.  Anno  Domini  1684."  The 
original  is  a  printed  map. 

—  A.  D.  1684. 

Franquelin's  great  map  shows  the  east  coast.  It  is  sketched  in  the 
Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  228.     See  ante,  under  no.  100. 

—  A.  I).  1685. 

The  "Nova  Belgica  et  Anglia  nova"  in  Blaeu's  Atlas.  See  ante, 
under  a.  d.  1662. 

Minet's  Carte  de  la  Louisianc  .shows  the  east  coast.  It  is  sketched 
in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  .Imerica,  iv,  237. 

Map  of  New  P<ngland  in  Seller's  Ne7v  Enirland  Almanac,  of  which 
there  is  a  reproduction  in  Palfrey's  New  England,  ill,  489. 


I02  Kohl  Collection 

See  the  map  of  New  England  and  New  York,  given  in  Cassell's 
United  States,  i,  330,  as  dated  1684,  and  engraved  by  Michault. 

—  A.  D.  1687. 

« 
The  maps"  by  Morden  in  Blome's  Present  State  of  his  Majesty's  Isles 

and  Territories  in  America,  London,  1687.  The  map  of  New  Eng- 
land is  reproduced  in  the  Papers  concerning  the  attacti  on  Hatfield 
and  Dcerfield,  New  York  (Bradford  Club),  1859;  that  of  Carolina  is 
in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  v. 

-  A.  D.  1688. 

The  "Canada"  of  Coronelli  "Corrigeeet  augmentdeparTillemon," 
"  partie  orientale,"  published  in  Paris  in  1688,  and  on  a  reduced  scale 
in  1689,  shows  the  east  coast,  after  the  Dutch  drafts. 

The  map  of  New  England  in  the  Amsterdam  editions  (1688,  1715) 
of  Blome  is  different  from  the  one  named  ante,  under  a.  d.  1687. 
That  of  1688  is  reproduced  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America, 
vol.  V. 

-  A.  D.  1689. 

A  MS.  map  by  Raudin,  in  the  collection  of  Mr.  S.  L.  M.  Barlow  in 
New  York. 

—  A.  D.  1690. 

A  map  of  New  England  and  New  York,  published  in  London  by 
Thomas  Basset  about  1690.  It  has  the  characteristics  of  the  prevail- 
ing Dutch  cartography,  and  twenty-five  copies  have  been  reproduced 
in  facsimile  for  J.  Hammond  Trumbull. 

—  A.  D.  1691. 

The  map  in  Leclercq's  Etablissement  de  la  Fay,  which  is  reproduced 
in  J.  G.  Shea's  translation  of  that  book. 

214.  A.  D.  1696.     Cotton  Mather's  New  England. 

The  "Exact  Mapp  of  New  England  and  New  York,"  contained  in 
Mather's  Magnalia,  London,  1702,  in  which  he  speaks  of  his  map 
under  date  of  1696.  There  has  been  a  facsimile  made  of  it.  It  is  also 
reproduced  in  Cassell's  United  States,  1,  pp.  492,  516. 

—  A.  I).  1697. 

Hennepin's  map  in  the  Nouvelle  Decouverte. 

Allard's  Minor  Atlas  of  about  this  date  contains: 

"Nova  Belgica  et  Anglia  nova,"  presenting  the  prevailing  Dutch 
drafts. 

"Totius  Neobelgii  nova  tabula"  gives  the  coast  from  the  Chesa- 
peake to  the  Penobscot,  with  a  picture  of  New  York  after  its  recap- 
ture (1673). 

"Nova  Virginise  tabula,"  following  Smith's  map. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  103 

—  A.  D.  1698. 

Gabriel  Thomas's  map  of  the  New  Jersey  coast  and  Delaware  Bay, 
which  appeared  in  his  Account  of  Pennsylvania,  and  is  reproduced  in 
Cassell's  United  States,  i,  282,  and  in  the  Nar.  atid  Crit.  Hist.  America, 
III,  501. 

—  A.  D.  1700.  (?) 

Courtenay  in  the  Charleston  Year  Book  (1883)  places  before  1700 
"A  new  map  of  Carolina,"  of  which  he  gives  a  facsimile. 

A  colored  chart  of  about  this  date,  showing  the  coasts  of  New  France, 
New  Scotland,  and  New  England  (measuring  ij|  x  1/2  feet)  found 
by  ]\Ir.  H.  F.  Waters  in  the  British  Museum  in  1884. 

215.  A.  D.  1700.     Province  of  New  York. 

It  shows  the  country  as  far  north  as  the  Mohawk,  from  a  little  dis- 
tance east  of  the  Connecticut  to  a  meridian  west  of  Perth  Amboy.  It 
follows  a  map  in  the  State  Paper  Office,  London,  marked:  "A  map  of 
the  Province  of  NewYorkein  America  by  Augustin  Graham,  Surveyor- 
General,"  and  is  dedicated  to  Lord  Bellomont.  The  last  grant  on  the 
map  is  put  down  as  in  1697,  and  Kohl  conjunctures  the  map  must 
have  been  made  about  1700.  The  grants  distinguished  are  chiefly  on 
the  eastern  side  of  the  Hudson,  and  date  from  1684  to  1697.  It  shows 
also  the  grant  along  both  sides  of  the  Mohawk  River  in  1697  to  God- 
fray  Dellius. 

216.  A.  D.  1700.     The  same. 

Another  copy,  less  perfect,  and  without  annotations. 

—  A.  I).  1701-1721. 

The  maps  in  John  Thornton's  Atlas  Maritinuis. 

—  A.  D.  1702. 

The  map  in  Campanius.  See  ante,  under  no.  100,  and  his  more 
detailed  map  showing  the  coa.st  from  Maine  to  the  Chesapeake,  given 
also  in  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  485. 

217.  A.  D.  1709.     Lawson's  Carolina. 

Shows  the  coast  from  Cape  Henry  to  St.  Augustine.  It  is  copied 
from  the  map  in  John  Lawson's  History  0/  Carolina,  London,  17 14. 
The  first  edition  was  in  1709,  and  the  map  is  repeated  in  the  German 
translation,  Hamburg,  1712,  1722. 

—  A.  I).  1709. 

La  Ilontan's  Carte  (ienerale  de  Canada  shows  the  New  Ivnglaiid 
and  Acadian  coast,  and  this  jjart  is  given  in  facsimile  in  the  Xar.  and 
Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  153. 


I04  Kohl  Collection 

218.  A.  D.  171-?     Seller's  New  England. 

Shows  the  coast  from  the  Kennebec  to  beyond  the  Connecticnt 
River.  It  is  called  "A  mapp  of  New  England  bj'  John  Seller,  hydrog- 
rapher  to  the  King,"  and  was  made  not  long  after  1700,  as  Kohl 
thinks.  The  original,  which  is  more  extended,  is  in  Harvard  College 
library,  and  a  text  accompanying  it  seems  to  be  taken  from  Josselyn's 
Tzi'o  J  'oyai^i's.  It  is  certainly  not  so  late  as  Kohl  puts  it,  since  Josse- 
lyn's book  was  printed  in  1674,  and  the  map  itself  is  mentioned  in  the 
London  Gazette  in  1676,  as  follows:  "There  is  now  extant  a  map  of 
New  England,  as  is  now  divided  into  three  great  colonies  of  Ply- 
mouth, Massachusetts,  and  Connecticut,  with  a  printed  description 
by  John  Seller." 

-A.  D.  1713. 

The  rude  delineation  of  the  east  coast  in  ^outeVs  Journal  historique, 
Paris,  1713.  This  map  is  reproduced  inthe  ^fag.  of  Anier.  Hist.  1882, 
p.  185,  and  in  A.  P.  C.  Griffin's  Discovery  of  the  Dlississippi,  p.  20. 

—  A.  D.  1718. 

Nicolas  de  Fer's  "Partie  meridionale  de  la  riviere  de  Mississippi" 
shows  the  Carolina  and  Florida  coasts. 

219.  A.  D.  1720  (?)     Carolina. 

This  follows  a  MS.  map  preserved  in  the  British  State  Paper  Office, 
bearing  no  date,  but  evidently  made  after  1715.     On  it  is  marked: 

"  1.  The  way  Coll.  Barnwell  marched  from  Charlstown,  1711,  with 
the  forces  sent  from  S.  Carol,  to  the  relief  of  N.  Carolina. 

"2.  The  way  Coll.  J.  Moore  marched  in  the  1712  with  the  forces 
sent  for  the  relief  of  North  Carolina. 

"3.  The  way  Corol.  Maurice  Moore  marched  in  the  year  1713  with 
recruits  from  South  Carolina. 

"4.  The  way  Corol.  INIaurice  Moore  went  in  the  year  17 15  with  the 
forces  sent  from  North  Carolina  to  the  assistance  of  S.  Carolina.  This 
march  was  farther  continued  from  Fort  Moore  up  Savano  river,  near 
a  N.  AV.  course,  150  miles  to  the  Charokee  Indians,  who  live  among 
the  mountains." 

There  is  a  sketch  of  the  map  in  the  Xar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America, 
vol.  V. 

—  A.  D.  1722. 

The  map  of  "  Nouvelle  France"  in  La  Potherie,  repeated  in  the 
1753  edition. 

—  A.  1).  1728. 

The  Atlas  ntaritimus  et  cominercialis  (London)  has  charts  of  Dela- 
ware and  Chesapeake  bays,  the  New  England  coast,  the  St.  Lawrence 
Gulf,  and  Boston  Harbor. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  305 

220.  A.  D.  .'730.     Indian  Map  of  South.  Carolina. 

It  is  marked:  "This  map  describing  the  situation  of  the  several 
nations  of  Indians  to  the  N.  \V.  of  South  Carolina  was  coppyed  from 
a  draught,  drawn  and  painted  on  a  deer  skin  by  an  Indian  cacique, 
and  presented  to  Francis  Nicholson,  Esq'',  Governour  of  South  Caro- 
lina, by  whom  it  is  most  humbly  dedicated  to  his  Royal  High.  George. 
Prince  of  Wales." 

This  is  taken  from  the  original  in  the  British  ^Museum. 

—  A.  U.  1730. 

The  map  by  Herman  Moll,  attached  to  Davis  Humphrey's  Hist. 
Ace.  of  the  Soe.  for  propagatins;  t lie  gospel  in  foreign  parts,  London, 
1730.  It  has  a  marginal  map  of  the  South  Carolina  coast,  which  is 
reproduced  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  v.;  which  may 
be  compared  with  the  map  in  Moll's  Xeu'  Snrz'ey,  1729  (no.  26), 
which  is  given  in  facsimile  in  Cassell's  United  States,  i,  439. 

221.  A.  D.  1733.     Popple's  Boston  Harbor. 

See  an  enumeration  of  the  maps  of  Boston  Harbor  in  the  Memorial 
Hist.  Boston,  vols,  i,  11,  and  iii. 

222.  A.  D.    1733.     Popple's    Town    and    Harbour   of   Charles- 

town,  S.   C. 

223.  A.  D.  1733.     Popple's  Harbour  of  St.  Augustine. 

224.  A.  D.  1733.     Popple's  New  York  and  Perth  Amboy  Har- 

bours. 

Nos.  221  to  224  are  marginal  maps  annexed  to  Popple's  great  map 
of  The  British  Empire  in  America,  which  has  14  other  charts  of  har- 
bors, beside  3  views  of  towns.  It  was  first  issued  in  1732.  and  a 
reproduction  appeared  in  Amsterdam  about  1737.  The  Catalogue  of 
the  British  Museum  J/.SS.,  no.  23,615  (fol.  72),  shows  a  draft  by 
Popple  of  the  English  and  French  possessions,  dated  1727. 

—  A.  D.    173S. 

The  map  of  America  in  Keith's   Virginia. 

—  A.  I).  1741. 

Moll's  maps  in  Oldmixon's  British  Empire;  also  in  edition  of  1708. 

—  A.  I).  1742. 

The  English  Pilot,  published  at  London,  has  various  coast  charts; 
Nos.  2.   Newfoundland  to  Hud.son's  Bay. 

3.  Labrador  to  Cape  St.  Roque. 

4.  .Another  covering  the  same. 

5.  Newfoundland  to  Maryland. 


io6  Kohl  Collection 

Nos.  6.  Casco  Bay  by  Cyprian  Southicke  (dated  London,  1720). 
7.   Newfoundland  coast  by  Henry  Southwood. 

13.  Cape  Breton  to  New  York,  with  separate  plan  of   Boston 

Harbor.     Cape  Cod  is  pierced  at  the  angle. 

14.  New  York  Harbor  and  vicinity  by  Mark  Tiddeman. 

15.  Chesapeake  and  Delaware  bays. 

16.  lyower  Chesapeake  and  the  Virginia  rivers. 
19.  Carolina  and  Charleston  Harbor. 

—  A.  D.  I 746-1748. 

D'Anville's  "Am^rique  Septentrionale "  (Paris);  but  a  new  draft 
with  improvements  was  published  at  Nuremberg  in  1756. 

—  A.  D.  1747. 

"America"  in  Bowen's  Complete  System  0/  Geography. 

—  A.  D.  1753. 

Robert  de  Vaugondy's  Carte  de  Canada. 

—  A.  D.  1755. 

Jeffery's  New  Map  of  Nova  Scotia,  etc.,  showing  the  coast  from 
Labrador  to  Boston. 

Lewis  Evans'  map  of  the  Middle  British  Colotiies,  with  improve- 
ments by  I.  Gibson,  which  is  reproduced  in  Whittlesey's  Cleveland. 

John  Huske's  Present  State  of  North  America,  2d  ed.,  London 
(1755),  has  a  map  showing  the  English  claims  and  French  encroach- 
ments. 

William  Douglass'  Summary  of  the  British  Settlements  in  North 
America,  Boston,  reprinted  London,  has  D'Anville's  map  "improved 
with  the  back  settlements  of  Virginia."     Cf.  Sabin,  xil,  no.  47,552. 

Various  other  maps  were  published  at  this  time,  occasioned  by  the 
controversy  between  the  French  and  English  Governments  as  to  the 
bounds  of  their  respective  possessions  in  America. 

—  A.  D.  1757. 

Carte  de  la  Nouvelle  Angleterre  par  M.  B. 

—  A.  D.  1764. 

Map  of  North  America  by  M.,  new  ed.  by  Vaugondy,  1772,  repro- 
duced in  the  French  Encyclopedie ,  Supplement,  1777. 

—  A.  D.  1769. 

Captain  Cluny's  map  of  North  America  in  The  American  Traveller, 
reproduced  in  the  French  Encyclopedie,  Supplement,  1777. 

225.  A.  D.  1787.     Franklin's  Gulf-Stream. 

It  shows  the  coast  from  Labrador  to  Florida,  and  is  endorsed:  "This 
draft  of  that  Stream  was  obtained  from  Capt.  Folger,  one  of  the  Nan- 


Maps  Relating  to  America  107 

tucket  whalemen,  and  caused  to  be  engraved  on  the  old  chart  in 
London,  for  the  benefit  of  navigators,  by  B.  Franklin."  Kohl  calls 
this  the  first  attempt  specially  to  indicate  the  Gulf  Stream  on  a  chart. 
The  preferable  track  for  sailing  from  New  York  to  England  is  pricked 
on  the  chart.  It  is  copied  from  an  engraved  map  in  Franklin's  Philo- 
sophical and  Miscellaneous  Papeis  (London,  1787). 

T\\. 
THE  MISSISSIPPI  VALLEY. 

***  See  also  the  maps  in  Sections  II.  III.  and  VIII. 
225  A.  D.  1500,  etc. 

The  earliest  maps  show  what  stands  with  some  for  the  Gulf  of 
Ganges,  and  with  others  for  the  Gulf  of  Mexico  (as  in  the  Admiral's, 
ante,  no.  32,  and  Reisch's,  ante,  no.  33).  They  also  show  in  the 
country  north  of  this  gulf,  the  region  ultimately  to  be  developed  as 
the  Mississippi  Valley.  We  begin  to  have  a  rudimentary  river,  usually 
called  "Rio  de  Spiritu  Santo"  as  in  the  map  of  the  gulf  published  by 
Navarrete  {post,  no.  247);  and  this  representation  of  a  great  river, 
flowing  into  the  north  part  of  the  gulf,  can  be  traced  down  through 
various  maps,  like  that  of  Cortes  in  1524  [post,  no.  248);  of  Maiollo 
in  1527  {ante,  under  no.  39);  tliose  of  Ribero,  1529  {ante,  no.  41); 
Mercator,  1541  (under  no.  54);  the  L'lpius  globe,  1542  (under  no. 
55);  the  Cabot  mappemonde,  1544  (under  no.  56);  the  Medina 
map  of  1545  (no.  59);  the  map  given  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  11,  p.  292;  Bellero's  of  1554  (no.  64);  Vopellio's  of  1556 
(under  no.  66);  Homem,  1558  (no.  67);  Zaltiere,  1566  (no.  94);  Des 
Liens,  1566  (under  no.  69);  Dr.  Dee's,  1580  (no.  96),  and  De  Bry's, 
1596  (cf.  A'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Anier.,  iv,  99). 

Maps  of  the  type  of  Mercator  (no.  71),  Ortelius,  1570  (no.  72),  and 
Martines  (nos.  75,  77)  make  the  water-ways  run  across  the  continent. 

We  find  the  earliest  special  treatxnent  of  this  river,  in  a  kind  of 
parallel  network  of  streams,  as  shown  in  Wytfliet's  Florida  et  Apalche 
(no.  264);  and  Wytfliet's  draft  is  followed  in  a  map  of  about  1622, 
America  noviter  delineata,  and.  Judoco  Hondio,  Johannes  Janssonius 
excudit,  and  in  another  of  1636,  called  Noz'issima  et  accurafissinta 
totius  Americce  descriptio,  per  N.  I'isscher. 

Jeflferys,  in  the  map  in  his  Notihwest  Passage,  1768,  shows  the 
course  of  the  lower  IVIississippi  by  a  dotted  line,  professing  to  engrave 
the  map  from  the  "  Herrera  of  1608;"  but  the  maps  in  the  early  edi- 
tions of  Herrera  do  not  have  the  dotted  line. 

226.   A.  I).  1656.     Sanson's  Mississippi. 

It  represents  the  mouth  of  the  Mississippi  as  a  bay  ("  Bahia  del  Ks- 
piritu  vSanto")  into  which  various  rivers  empty,  having  their  sources 
in  a  semicircular  range  of  mountains,  of  which  one  end  extends 
towards  the  I'lorida  peninsula,  and  the  other  is  in  Texas.     The  names 


io8  Kohl  Collection 

^vithin  this  belt  of  mountains  are  derived  from  the  accounts  of  De 
Soto's  march. 

Later  maps  of  Sanson  follow  this  draft,  as  in  his  Aiiierigiie  Septen- 
triouale,  1669. 

227.  A.  I).  1673.     Marquette's  Upper  Mississippi,  showing'  the 

portages  to  Lake  Huron. 

It  follows  a  sketch  preserved  in  St.  Mary's  College,  Montreal,  and 
is  copied  from  the  engraving  of  it  given  in  French's  Hist.  Coll.  of 
Louisiana,  iv.  Dr.  Shea  first  brought  forward  this  map,  in  his 
Discovery  of  the  Mississippi^  in  1853;  and  he  used  the  facsimile 
which  he  caused  to  be  made  for  that  book,  in  his  edition  of  the 
Jesuit  Relations  of  1673-1679;  and  it  has  since  been  reproduced  in 
Douniol's  3fission  du  Canada  (with  a  sketch  of  a  cabin  on  it,  which 
does  not  belong  to  it),  Blanchard's  History  of  the  Northwest,  Hurl- 
but's  Chicago  Antiquities,  Andreas'  Chicago,  in  the  Report  of  the 
U.  S.  Chief  of  Engineers,  1876,  vol.  iii,  and  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit. 
Hist.  America,    iv,  220. 

228.  A.  D.  1673.    Marquette's  Mississippi  extended  to  the  gulf. 

This  follows  the  map  given  inThevenot's  Recueil  de  Voyages,  Paris, 
1681,  as  Marquette's,  but  which  was  the  work  of  the  Jesuits.  (Cf. 
Harrisse,  no.  202.)  The  sketch  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America, 
IV,  221,  is  from  the  Parkman  copy  of  the  original  map,  which  has  now 
disappeared  from  the  Bibliotheque  Nationale  in  Paris.  Sparks,  in  his 
Life  of  Marquette,  copies  the  engraving  in  Thevenot,  whose  title  dif- 
fers from  that  of  the  Parkman  copy.  The  Catal.  of  the  LAbrary  of 
Parliament  (Toronto),  1858,  shows  another  copy.  It  is  reproduced  in 
Andreas'  Chicago,  i,  47,  and  in  Breese's  Early  Hist,  of  Illinois. 

-  A.  D.  1673. 

Pays  et  peuple  dicouverts  en  1673  dans  la  partie  septentrionale  de 
V  Amerique  par  P.  Marquette  et  foliet,  suivant  la  description  quHls  en 
ontfaite,  rcctifiee  sur  diverses  observations  posterieures  de  nouveau 
tnis  en  jour  par  Pierre  Vander  Aa  a  Leide. 

—  A.  D.  1674. 

Joliet's  earliest  map,  Nouvelle  dccouverte  de  plusieurs  nations  dans 
la  Nouvelle  France  en  Vannee  1673  ^t  1674,  showing  the  whole  length 
of^the  Mississippi,  and  published  by  Gravier  in  colored  facsimile,  in 
an  Etude  sur  une  carte  inconnue,  which  appeared  in  the  Memoires  du 
Congres  des  America^iistes,  1879,  and  in  the  Revue  de  Geographie, 
Feb.  1880.  This  reduced  colored  facsimile  is  given  in  the  Mag.  of 
Atner.  Hist.,  1883,  and  in  A.  P.  C.  Grifiin's  Discovery  of  the  Missis- 
sippi; and  there  are  sketches  of  it  in  Andreas'  Chicago,  i,  p.  49,  and  in 
the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  p.  208. 

Cf.  a  map  in  the  Parkman  Collection,  of  which  there  is  a  sketch  in 
the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  p.  206. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  109 

—  A.  D.  1674. 

Joliet's  larger  map  is  supposed  to  be  lost.  There  is  what  is  called 
a  copy  in  the  Barlow  Collection  of  Maps,  belonging  to  S.  L.  INI.  Bar- 
low. Esq.,  of  New  York.  A  sketch  of  it  is  given  in  the  Xar.  and 
Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  pp.  212,  213.  Cf.  Harrisse,  Notes  sur  la 
Noiivelle  France,  no.  203.     (See  ««^<',  no.  177.) 

—  A.  D.  1674. 

Joliet's  smaller  map  is  also  in  the  Barlow  Collection,  and  a  sketch 
from  it  is  given  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  p.  214. 
Cf.  Harrisse,  no.  204;  Parkman's  La  Salle,  p.  453. 

Cf.  for  the  Ohio  Valley,  no.  3  of  the  Parkman  maps,  given  in  the 
Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  p.  215. 

—  A.  D.  1675. 

The  "  Bahia  del  Spierto  Santo  "  in  Rogeveen's  Burning  Fen,  no.  19. 

—  A.  D.  1679-16S1. 

Harrisse  (nos.  209,  213-218)  cites  early  maps  of  Franquelin  for  these 
years.  Parkman  attributes  to  Franquelin  a  Carte  de  I'  Amerique  sep- 
tentrionale,  .  .  .  avec  les  nouvelles  decouvertes  de  la  Riviere  Missis- 
sipi  OH  Colbert  (cf.  Parkman's  La  Salle,  p.  455;  Harrisse,  no.  219). 

—  A.  D.  1682. 

From  a  copy  of  Franquelin's  map  of  this  date  in  the  Barlow  Collec- 
tion, a  sketch  is  given  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  .Imerica,  iv,  227. 
It  shows  the  mouth  of  the  INIississippi,  but  there  is  a  blank  northward 
from  the  mouth  till  the  Ohio  is  reached. 

229.  A.  I).  1682  (?).     Franqjielin's  Mississippi. 

After  a  MS.  map  in  the  Depot  de  la  Marine  at  Paris,  called  "Carte 
g^n^rale  de  la  France  septentrionale  .  .  .  I'^aite  par  le  Sieur  Jolliet." 
It  is  dedicated  to  Colbert.  On  the  margin  is  "Johannes  Ludovicus 
Franquelin  pinxit." 

Harrisse  (no.  214)  puts  this  under  1681.  It  is  sketched  from  the 
Parkman  copy  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Llist.  America,  iv,  218. 

230.  A.  I).  1682.     The  Mississippi  by  Hennepin. 

It  shows  the  coast  from  Maine  to  Texas,  and  extends  to  6u°  north. 
It  has  no  annotations,  and  is  marked  "Rejected." 

231.  A.  I).  1683.     Hennepin's  Mississippi. 

It  shows  the  coast  from  J^abrador  to  Texas.  This  is  after  the  map 
in  the  1683  edition  of  IIennei)in's  Description  de  la  Lonisiaiie,  in 
which  he  combined  Manjuette's  travels  with  his  own,  and  left  the 
lower  Mississi])pi  a  dotted  line.  It  is  called  Carte  de  la  Nouz'elle 
France  et  de  la  Louisiane.  It  is  given  in  part  in  facsimile  in  the  Nar. 
and  Crit.  Hist.  .'Ivierica,   iv,   249,  with  references;   and  the  whole 


no  Kohl  Collect io7i 

map  is  reproduced  in  Dr.  Shea's  edition  of  Hennepin,  and  in  Winch- 
ell's  Final  Rept.  Gcol.  Survey  of  Minnesota,  p.  6.  Cf.  Harrisse, 
no.  352. 

—  A.  D.  1684. 

Franquelin's  great  Carte  de  la  Louisiane,  of  which  a  sketch  is  given 
in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  A»ierica,  iv,  228,  from  a  copy  in  the 
Parkman  Collection  of  maps  in  Harvard  College  Library.  (Cf.  Park- 
man's  La  Salle,  pp.  295,  455;  Harrisse,  no.  222;  Thomassy,  Geologic 
practique  de  la  Loiiisiane,  p.  227.) 

Harrisse  (no.  223)  refers  to  a  Carte  de  V Arnerique  septentrionale  of 
De  la  Croix,  which  is  assigned  also  to  Franquelin. 

—  A.  D.  1685. 

Carte  de  la  Louisianc,  by  Minet.  It  is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and 
Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  237,  with  references,  from  a  copy  in  the 
Barlow  Collection,     (cf.  Harrisse,  no.  225). 

232.  A.  D.  1688.     The  Mississippi  by  Franquelin. 

It  is  called  Carte  inanuscripte  de  P  Amh'ique  septentrionale  par  J.  B. 
Louis  Franquelin,  Hydrographe  du  Roy  en  Canada.  Quebec  en  1688. 
It  gives  the  Mississippi  a  wide,  zigzag  course,  and  makes  it  debouch  on 
the  coast  of  Texas.  Kohl  has  not  annotated  it.  It  has  been  engraved 
for  E.  D.  Neill's  History  of  Minnesota,  1882;  and  this  engraving  is 
reproduced  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  230,  231,  and  in 
Winchell's  Final  Report  of  the  Geological  Survey  of  Minnesota,  vol. 
I,  pi.  2. 

233.  A.  D.  1688.     The  Mississippi  by  Coronelli. 

This  is  from  Father  Coronelli's  published  map,  America  Settentrio- 
nale,  1688.  He  seems  to  have  been  igiyjrant  of  Marquette's  discoveries. 
The  Missouri  is  not  indicated.  The  "Ouabache"  is  about  where  the 
Ohio  should  be;  and  the  "Ohio"  runs  parallel  with  it  further  south. 

A  sketch  of  the  map  by  Coronelli,  as  corrected  by  Tilleman,  Paris, 
1688,  is  given  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  232.  It  was 
issued  in  two  parts — one  of  the  eastern,  the  other  of  the  western,  por- 
tions of  North  America.  These  two  were  united  in  1689  on  a  smaller 
scale. 

—  A.  D.  1688. 

Carte  des parties  les plus  occidentales  du  Canada,  par  le  P^re  Pierre 
Raffeix,  S.f., — a  MS.  map  in  the  Bibliotheque  nationale  of  Paris, 
from  a  copy  of  which  in  the  Kohl  Collection  a  sketch  is  given  with  the 
marginal  inscriptions  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  233. 
There  is  another  copy  in  the  Barlow  Collection.     Cf.  Harrisse,  no.  238. 

There  is  in  the  Barlow  Collection  a  map,  which  Harrisse  [Notes, 
etc. ,  p.  XXV,  and  no.  241 )  believes  to  be  the  lost  original  of  a  map  by 
Raudin,  Frontenac's  engineer;  and  of  this  a  sketch  is  given  in  the 
Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  235. 


Maps  Relathig  to  America  iii 

234.  A.  D.  1689.     Laliontan's  Liong'  River. 

This  fabulous  stream  is  represented  as  rising  in  the  Rocky  Moun- 
tains, and  flowing  into  the  Mississippi  above  the  ^Missouri.  Kohl 
thinks  the  river  in  question  may  have  been  the  St.  Peter's  River.  La- 
hontan  professed  to  copy  the  western  part  of  the  river  from  an  Indian 
map,  made  for  him  in  that  conntry. 

This  map  appeared  in  the  Nouveaux  voyages,  La  Haye,  1709,  vol.i, 
p.  136,  and  is  reproduced  in  the iVar.  a7id  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  p.  261. 

235.  A.  D.  1689.     Coronelli's  Canada  ou  Nouvelle  France. 

It  shows  the  coast  from  the  Gulf  of  St.  Lawrence  to  Texas,  and  gives 
the  bounds  between  New  France  and  the  English  possessions.  Kohl 
thinks  the  present  map  a  French  imitation  of  no.  233. 

—  A.  D.  1689-1699. 

Harrisse  (nos.  231,  232,  240,  248,  259)  assigns  various  other  maps  to 
these  years. 

—  A.  D.  1691. 

The  map  in  Leclercq's  Etablissement  de  ta  Foy,  which  is  repro- 
duced in  Dr.  Shea's  translation  of  that  book. 

—  A.  D.  1692. 

Hubert  Jaillot,  who  had  inherited  the  plates  of  Nicolas  Sanson, 
published  in  Paris  what  passes  as  Sanson's  Avierique  septetttrionaie, — 
the  plate  of  which  was  long  in  use  in  Amsterdam  and  elsewhere. 

236.  A.  D.  1698.     Hennepin's  Mississippi. 

This  shows  the  river  carried  to  the  gulf.  It  first  appeared  in  Hen- 
nepin's Noiivelte  Decouvcrtc,  Utrecht,  1697,  which  had  two  distinct 
maps  showing  the  ]\Iississi])pi  extending  to  the  gulf. 

The  first  Carte  d'  tin  tri'S  grand  pais  nouvellevioit  deeoni'ert,  etc.,  is 
reproduced  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  \\ ,  pp.  252,  253, 
and  was  repeated  in  the  editions  of  the  Xonvelle  Decoicerte  printed 
at  Leyden  in  1704,  and  was  re-engraved  in  the  English  edition.  Dis- 
covery of  a  large,  ric/i,  and  plentiful  conntry  (London.  1720),  with 
English  names. 

The  .second.  Carte  d'luie  t  res  grand  pays  entre  le  noniuan  Mexique 
et  la  mer glaciate,  was  used  in  the  later  editions  of  169S,  1704,  171 1, 
etc.,  with  changes  in  successive  i.ssues,  and  is  reproduced  in  the  .\'(/;'. 
and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  7V.  p.  251,  and  in  Breese's  Early  Hist, 
of  Illinois,  p.  98. 

237.  A.  I).  1698.     The  Mississippi  by  De  Fer. 

He  follows  Coronelli  in  making  the  "Ouabache"  and  "Ohio" 
parallel  streams.     Published  in  Paris  in  1698. 


112  KoJil  Collection 

—  A.  D.  1700. 

Carte  dfs  I-lnvirons  du  3lississipi ,  envoyee  a  Paris  en  1700.  Cf. 
Thoiiiassy,  Ccol.  pract.  dc  la  Louisiane,  pi.  i. 

—  A.  D.  1 701. 

De  Fer's  Cosies  aux  Environs  de  la  riviire  Mississipi.  Cf. 
Thoiiiassy,  p.  201. 

—  A.  D.  1702. 

Thomassy  {Geol.  pratique  de  la  Lotiisiane,  p.  209)  refers  to  an 
original  draft  by  Guillaume  Delisle,  Carte  de  larivih'edrc  Mississippi, 
dressee  sur  les  yneinoires  de  M.  Le  Sueur,  1702,  which  is  preser\-ed  in 
the  Archives  Scientiiiques  de  la  Marine. 

—  A.  D.  1702. 

The  map  in  Campanius'  Nya  Szcerige  gives  the  lower  portions  of 
the  river  rudely.  There  is  a  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  a?id  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  iv,  394. 

—  A.  D.  1703. 

Lahontan's  Carte  generate  de  Canada,  which  appeared  in  his  Nou- 
veaux  I'oyages,  La  Haye,  1703,  and  was  repeated  in  some  of  the  late*- 
editions.  It  was  re-engraved  in  the  JMevioires,  Amsterdam,  1741,  vol. 
III.  It  is  reproduced,  with  references,  in  the  Nar.  and  Crtt.  Hist. 
America,  iv,  258. 

—  A.  D.  1705. 

De  Fer's  Le  Canada  on  Nouvelle  France. 

—  A.D.  1703. 

The  map  of  Delisle,  showing  the  route  of  De  Soto,  and  called  Carte 
de  la  Louisane  et  du  Cours  du  Alississipi,  published  in  Paris,  and 
repeated  in  Garcilasso  de  la  Vega's  Histoire  des  Incas,  etc.,  Amster- 
dam, 1707,  and  in  Delisle's  Atlas  Nouveau,  Amsterdam,  1740.  It  is 
reproduced  in  French's  Hist.  Collections  of  Louisiatia,  11  (dated 
1707);  in  Gravier's  La  Salle  (1870);  in  part,  in  the  Alar,  and  Crit. 
Hist.  America,  11,  p.  295;  in  Cassell's  United  States,  i,  p.  475;  in 
Winchell's  Final  Rept.  of  the  Geol.  of  Mififiesota,  i,  p.  20.  See  post, 
no.  238. 

—  A.  D.  1712. 

Louisiana  am  Fluss  J/ississippi  in  the  German  translation  of  John 
Lawson's  Carolina,  Hamburg,  1712. 

—  A.  D.  1713. 

Carte  Nouvelle  de  la  Louisiane  et  de  la  rivih'e  de  Mississipi  .  .  . 
dressee  par  le  sieur  foutel ,  belonging  to  JonteV s  fournal  liistorique, 
Paris,  1 713.     A  part  of  this  map  is  given  in  the  iMag.  of  Amer.  Hist., 


Maps  Relating  to  America  113 

1882,  p.  185,  and  in  A.  P.  C.  Griffin's  Discovery  of  the  iMississippi, 
p.  20.     Cf.  Thomassy,  Geologie  prac.  de  la  Louisiane ,  p.  210. 

The  English  translation  of  this,  A  Journal  of  the  Last  Voyage  per- 
formed by  La  Salle,  etc.,  Paris,  1714,  has  a  map  showing  the  course  of 
the  ^Mississippi.     (Cf.  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iv,  240.) 

—  A.  D.  1715. 

Herman  Moll's  New  and  Exact  Map  of  the  Dominions  of  the  King 
of  Great  Britain,  has  a  lesser  map  attached,  called  Louisiana,  ivith 
the  Lndian  Settlements  a7id  Number  of  Fightitig  Men,  according  to 
the  Account  of  Capt.  T.  Nearn. 

—  A.  D.  1718. 

Le  Cours  du  Mississipi  ou  de  Saint-Louis,  par  N.  de  Fer,  embody- 
ing previous  information,  was  made  by  direction  "de  la  compagnie 
d'occident." 

Partie  meridionale  de  la  riviere  de  Mississipi,  par  N.  de  Fer, 
extends  north  to  the  Illinois  country. 

238.  A.  D.  [1719.]     Delisle's  Liouisiana. 

It  shows  the  routes  of  De  Soto  and  others.  It  is  called  Carte  de  la 
Louisiane  et  du  Caters  du  Mississipi.  It  was  followed  by  H.  Moll  in 
1720,  and  Popple  in  1732.  Kohl  says  it  is  the  earliest  map  to  show  the 
word  Texas  (Los  Teijas),  and  to  show  the  Cumberland  and  Tennessee 
Rivers. 

Thomassy  {Geol.  practique  de  la  Louisiane,  p.  211)  refers  to  the 
June,  1718,  map  of  Delisle.     See  ante,  under  A.  D.  1703. 

—  A.  D.  1719-20. 

Thomassy  gives  a  Carte  de  la  Cote  de  la  Louisiane,  preser\-ed  in  the 
Archives  Scientifiques  de  la  Marine  in  Paris,  based  on  surveys  made 
at  this  time  by  M.  De  S^rigny. 

—  A.  D.  1720. 

A  new  map  of  Louisiana  and  the  river  Mississipi,  which  appeared 
in  Some  Considerations  on  the  Consequences  of  the  French  settling 
Colonies  on  the  Mississipi .     London,  1720. 

Moll's  New  Map  of  the  North  Parts  of  America,  1720,  follows 
Delisle's  of  1718,  for  the  Louisiana  portion.  It  is  reproduced  in 
Lindsey's  Unsettled  Boundaries  of  Ontario,  Toronto,  1873. 

Gerard  van  Keulen  published  at  Amsterdam  a  large  map.  Carte  de 
la  Nouvelle  PVance,  oil  se  voit  le  Cours  des  Grandes  Rivieres  Missis- 
sippi et  St.  Laurens,  with  observations  on  French  fortified  posts. 

De  Beauvillier's  Carte  nouvelle  de  la  partie  de  Pouest  de  la  province 
de  la  Louisiane  (Thomassy,  p.  214). 

—  A.  D.  1722. 

The  "map  of  Carolana  and  the  river  Meschacebe"  in  Daniel  Coxe's 
Description  of  Carolana,  London,  1727,  and  repeated  in  later  editions. 
Sec  post,  no.  239. 

1 1 606 — 04 8 


114  Kohl  Collection 

—  A.  D.  1722. 

La  Potherie's  Carte  generate  de  la  Noiivelle  France  in  his  Hist,  de 
V  Ameriquc  septentrionale,  Paris,  1722,  vol.  11,  gives  the  misplacement 
of  the  mouths  of  the  Mississippi  which  originated  with  La  Salle. 

—  A.  D.  1722. 

Le  Blond  de  la  Tour's  Entree  du  3/ississipi  en  ij22.  (Cf. 
Thomassy,  pi.  in.) 

—  A.  D.  1724. 

The  "Carte  de  I'Am^rique"  in  Lafitau's  Mcetcrs  des  Sauvages 
Ameriquains,  Paris,  1724,  vol.  i,  24. 

—  A.  D.  1724. 

Plan  particulier  de  P embouchure  dujleuve  Saint-Louis,  signed  by 
De  Pauger,  royal  engineer. 

—  A.  D.  1726. 

A  ' '  new  map  of  Louisiana  and  the  river  Mississipi ' '  in  the  Mem- 
oirs of  John  Ker  of  Kersland ,  London,  1726. 

—  A.  D.  1729. 

A  map  of  New  France  and  Louisiana  in  Herman  Moll's  New  Survey 
of  the  Globe,  no.  27. 

—  A.  D.  about  1730. 

AinplissinicB  regionis  3Iississipi  seu  Provincicz  Ludoviciance  a  Hen- 
nepin detected  anno  1687,  edita  a  Jo.  Bapt.  Homanno,  Norinibergce. 
Has  a  marginal  view  of  "Catarrhacta  ad  Niagaram." 

Homann  was  a  cartographer  of  easy  conscience,  who  seldom  dated 
his  maps,  and  this  one  is  little  better  than  a  re-engraving  of  the  map 
in  1ovi\.&Vs  Journal  historique.  See  aw/"^,  under  A.  D.  1713.  It  was 
reproduced  by  Homann's  successors  in  his  business,  and  again  by 
William  Darby  in  his  Geographical  Description  of  Louisiana  (2d  ed. 
1817),  and  Thomassy  (p.  2)  censures  Darby  for  his  choice  of  an  early 
map. 

—  A.  D.  1732. 

D'Anville's  Carte  de  la  Louisiane  dressee  en  1732;  publiee  en  1752. 
The  upper  part  of  it  is  reproduced  in  Andreas'  Chicago,  i,  59. 

—  A.  D.  1732. 

Popple's  British  Empire  in  America  follows  Delisle's  map  (1718) 
for  Louisiana.  It  was  reissued  in  1733,  1740,  and  reproduced  at 
Amsterdam  in  1737.     Sabin's  Dictionary,  xv,  no.  64453. 

—  A.  D.  1732. 

Fleuve  Saint  Louis,  ci-devant  Mississipi. — A  map  preserved  in  the 
Bibliotheque  Nationale,  Paris,  based  upon  observations  made  by  Sieur 
Dirou  in  17 19.     (Cf.  Thomassy,  p.  212.) 


Maps  Relating  to  America  115 


A.  D.  r 


The  map  in  Some  Account  of  the  Design  of  ttie  Trustees  for  csiab- 
lisfiing  ilic  Colony  of  Georgia  in  America.  It  shows  the  Atlantic 
Colonies  stretching  to  the  Mississippi  River. 

—  A.  D.  1737. 

Le  Cours  du  fleuve  JMississipi,  1737,  in  Bernard's  Recueil  de  Voy- 
ages au  Nord,  Amsterdam,  1737,  in  connection  with  Hennepin's 
narrative. 

—  A.  D.  1740. 

A  map  by  Dumont  de  Montigny,  Carte  de  la  province  de  la  Loui- 
siane,  autrefois  le  Mississipi,  preserved  in  the  Depot  de  la  Marine  at 
Paris,  is  said  by  Thomassy  (p.  217 )  to  be  more  valuable  for  its  historical 
legends  than  for  its  geography. 

239.  A.  D.  1741.     Coxe's  Carolana. 

After  the  map  in  Daniel  Coxe's  Carolana,  London,  1741.  Kohl 
calls  it  the  earliest  English  map  of  the  Mississippi.  Kohl  thinks  pos- 
sibly Coxe  may  have  had  unknown  charts  of  the  delta.  He  accepts 
Lahontan's  Long  River.     See  ante,  under  A.  D.  1722. 

—  A.  D.  1743- 

Nicolas  Bellin,  in  Charlevoix's  Nouvelle  France,  gives  a  Carte  de  la 
Louisiane,  cours  du  Mississipi  et  pais  voisins;  and  this,  with  the 
other  maps,  is  reproduced  in  Shea's  translation  of  Charlevoix. 

Bellin's  Carte  des  enibouctiures  du  fleicve  Saint  Louis  is  based  on  a 
draft  by  Buache  (1732),  following  an  original  M.S.  (1731)  preserved 
in  the  Archives  Scientifiques  de  la  Marine.  (See  post,  under  A.  D. 
1750-) 

240.  A.  D.  1749.     Bonnecamps'  Ohio  River. 

After  a  map  in  the  Ministry  of  the  Marine  at  Paris,  called  Carte 
d' un  voyage,  fait  dans  la  Belle  Riviere  en  la  Xouvelle  France,  1749, 
par  le  reverend  Ph'e  Bonnecamps,  fesuite  Mathematicien.  He  has 
marked  eight  points  where  he  took  ob.servations  for  the  latitude,  and 
sundry  other  places  where  he  buried  inscribed  lead  plates  in  token 
of  possession  for  the  king. 

It  al.so  shows  the  Alleghany  River  from  Lake  Chatauqua. 

—  A.  I).  175c,. 

Bellin  also  ha.s  a  map  of  this  date  called  Carte  de  la  Louisiane  et 
dcs  pays  ivisins.  It  is  said  that  the  maps  first  published  by  Bellin 
were  not  thought  by  the  French  government  sufficiently  favorable  to 
their  claims  for  boundaries  on  the  Knglish  colonies,  and  he  accord- 
ingly reissued  the  maps  with  changes.  When  Governor  .Shirley, 
speaking  with  Bellin,  referred   to  this,  Bellin  is  said   to  have  rei)lied. 


1 1 6  ■  KoJil  Collection 

"  We  in  France  must  obey  the  king's  commands."  His  map  marking 
these  bounds  is  reproduced  in  Bonnechose's  Montcalm  et  le  Canada 
fraufais,  5th  ed.,  Paris,  1882.     (See  a^ite,  under  A.  D.  1743.) 

240.  A.  D.  1753. 

Carte  de  la  LoiHsiane,  in  Dumont's  3fhnoires  historiqnes  de  la 
Louisiant\  vol.  i. 

—  A.  D.  1755. 

Bellin's  Caiie  de  la  Louisiane,  1750;  stir  de  nouvelles  observations 
on  a  corrige  les  lacs  et  leurs  environs,  1755. 

—  A.  D.  1755- 

Canada  et  Louisiane  par  le  Sietcr  le  Rouge,  ingenietir  giographe 
du  Roi,  with  a  small  map  of  the  Mississippi  River. 

—  A.  1).  1755. 

D'Anville's  Canada,  Louisiane  et  les  terres  anglaises. 

—  A.  D.  1755- 

Robert  de  Vaugondy's  Partie  de  V Atneriqtie  septe^itrionale  qui  coni- 
prend  le  cours  de  V  Ohio,  etc. 

—  A.  D.  1755. 

A  New  and  Accurate  Map  of  North  America,  contained  in  John 
Huske's  Present  State  of  North  America,  2d  ed.,  I^ondon,  1755. 

—  A.  D.  1755. 

John  Mitchell's  Map  of  the  British  Colonies  in  North  America, 
engraved  by  Kitchen,  published  in  L,ondon,  in  1755.  Re-engraved  at 
Amsterdam  as  a  Map  of  the  British  and  French  Dom,inions  in  North 
America. 

—  A.  D.  1757. 

Carte  de  la  Louisiane  par  Pauteur,  1757  in  I,e  Page  du  Pratz's 
Histoire  de  la  Louisiane,  vol.  i,  138. 

—  A.  D.  1760. 

Thomas  Jefferys  included  a  map  of  Canada  and  the  northern  parts 
of  Tvouisiana  in  his  Natural  and  Civil  History  of  the  French  Dominion 
in  North  and  South  America.  This  same  map,  with  the  date  1762, 
was  used  in  his  Topography  of  North  America  and  the  West  Indies. 
London,  1768. 

—  A.  D.  1760. 

Janvier's  L^Amerique.     It  extends  from  Louisiana  to  the  Pacific. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  117 

—  A.  D.  1762. 

Jefferys'  Map  of  Canada  and  Neiv  France.  There  is  a  facsimile  in 
Mills's  Boundaries  of  Ontario. 

—  A.  D.  1764. 

La  Loitfisiane  in  Bellin's  Le  Petit  Atlas  Maritime,  vol.  i,  no.  40, 
and  The  Months  of  the  Mississippi  in  nos.  43  and  44. 

241.  A.  D.  1767.     Carver's  Upper  Mississippi. 

This  follows  the  map  in  Jonathan  Carver's  Travels. 

—  A.  D.  1768. 

The  mouths  of  the  Mississippi  and  neighboring  coasts  by  Jefferys, 
in  his  General  Topography  of  NortJi  America  and  the  West  Indies, 
which,  he  says,  was  taken  from  several  Spanish  and  French  drawings, 
compared  with  D'Anville's  map  of  1752,  and  with  P.  Laval's  J'oyage 
a  Louisiane. 

242.  A.   I),    1795.      The   Upper    Missouri    and    Mississippi    by 

Soulard. 

The  original  is  preserved  in  the  Depot  de  la  Marine  in  Paris.  It 
was  made  for  Colonel  De  Bouligny,  of  the  Sixth  Regiment  of  Louisi- 
ana, and  taken  to  France  in  1804  by  M.  Laussat. 

243.  A.  D.  1801.     An  Indian  Map  of  the  Upper  Missouri  and  its 

Affluents. 

The  original  of  this  is  preserved  in  the  archives  of  the  Hudson  Bay 
Company  in  London.  Drawn  by  a  Blackfoot  chief  in  1801,  and  taken 
to  London  by  Peter  Fidler.  The  range  of  the  Rocky  Mountains  is 
marked,  eleven  of  their  peaks  named,  and  the  Pacific  seacoast  is 
drawn. 

244.  A.  D.  1854.     The  Sources  of  the  Mississippi  River. 
This  is  Schoolcraft's  map  given  in  his  Narrative. 

VIIL 

THE    GULF    OF    MEXICO  AND     WEST    INDIA    ISLANDS, 
"WITH   ADJACENT   LANDS. 

*+*'rhfre  are  notices  of  maps  of  the  mouths  of  the  Mississippi  in  Section  VII.;  and 
the  gulf  appears  in  the  maps  of  Sections  II  and  III. 

245.  A.  D.  1463.     Antilia  by  Benincasa. 

This  represents  an  early  notion  of  land  to  the  westward,  the  ante- 
type  of  the  Antilles.  The  chart  is  from  a  portolano,  described  in 
Santarem's  Hist,  de  la  Cosmographie,  i,  p.  xlii;  iii,  j).  177.  Cf.  ante, 
under  no.  21,  where  this  map  might  have  been  entered  if  it  had  been 
found  in  .season. 


1 1 8  Kohl  Collection 

246.  A.  D.  1500.     La  Cosa's  map. 

The  western  part  of  the  La  Cosa  chart.  Kohl  has  copied  the  draw- 
ing of  it  in  Ramon  de  la  Sagra's  Cuba  (Paris,  1837).  See  ante,  no. 
26,  and  the  whole  series  of  maps  enumerated  in  section  11,  for  the 
form  the  gulf  took  in  the  earliest  cartography,  whether  as  a  supposed 
Gulf  of  Ganges,  as  it  is  conjectured  to  be  in  the  Admiral's  {ante,  no. 
32)  and  other  maps;  or  as  undeveloped  in  the  Cantino  (1502),  Ruysch 
(1508),  Sylvanus  (1511),  and  Waldseemiiller  (1513)  maps;  as  vaguely 
shut  in  at  the  north  by  a  land,  Bimini,  shown  in  the  Peter  Martyr  map 
of  151 1,  and  in  the  Weimar  map  of  the  Pacific,  of  1518  {post,  no.  316); 
as  an  unenclosed  archipelago,  of  which  we  have  instances  in  the 
Lenox  globe,  and  in  the  so-called  Da  Vinci  mappemonde.  It  gets 
something  like  definite  though  distorted  shape  in  the  Stobnicza  and 
Reisch  maps  and  in  the  Tross  gores.  Then  in  the  Nordenskiold  gores, 
in  the  Schoner  globes  of  1515  and  1520,  and  in  the  Apian  cordiform 
map  of  1520  we  have  the  same  distorted  shape,  but  joined  with  a 
westerly  passage,  which  detaches  South  America  as  an  island 

247.  A.  D.  1520.     The  Gulf  of  Mexico. . 

The  map  published  by  Navarrete  in  his  Coleccion,  iii,  is  reproduced 
in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  p.  218,  and  in  Weise's  Dis- 
coveries of  America,  p.  278. 

This  is  the  earliest  special  map  of  the  gulf,  and  the  first  to  delineate 
it  with  approximate  accuracy,  and  bears  the  title  Traza  de  Castas  de 
Tierra-firine  y  las  tierj'as  nuevas. 

Cf.  the  map  of  Ayllon's  explorations,  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit. 
Hist.  America,  11,  p.  285. 

248.  A.  D.  1524.     Gulf  of  Mexico.      (Cortes.) 

The  original  engraving  of  this  chart  appeared  in  a  letter  of  Cortes, 
addressed  to  the  Emperor,  and  printed  at  Nuremberg  in  1524.  Kohl 
thinks  it  shows  the  explorations  of  Garay,  and  does  not  embody  any 
of  those  of  Cortes  himself.  He  says  it  is  the  earliest  map  to  show  the 
name  Florida.  It  may  have  been  made  about  the  time  of  no.  247.  It 
is  reproduced  in  Stevens'  Amer.  Bibliographer,  p.  86;  in  his  Notes, 
etc.,  pi.  iv;  and  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  p.  404.  It 
has  an  uncertain  passage  to  the  west,  by  which  Yucatan  is  made  an 
island,  of  which  there  is  an  indication  in  no.  247,  and  unmistakable 
expression  in  the  Maiollo  map  of  1527  {ante,  under  no.  39),  and  is 
suggested  in  a  map  by  Friess  {post,  no.  371).  Later  maps,  like  the 
Verrazano,  1529  {ante,  under  no.  42);  Ribero,  1529  {ante,  no.  41);  the 
Lenox  wood-cut,  1534  {ante,  no.  47,  since  reproduced  in  the  Nar.  and 
Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  p.  223);  the  British  Museum  map  of  1536 
{post,  no.  251),  make  Yucatan  insular,  but  do  not  carry  the  passage  to 
the  western  sea. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  119 

249.  A.  D.  152S.     The  Antilles. 

Six  separate  maps  of  Janiaiqua,  Cuba,  Spagnola,  Guadalupe,  Do- 
minica, and  Matinina,  from  the  Isolario  of  Bordone.  Kohl  follows 
a  facsimile  made  for  Henry  Stevens  (seefiosl,  no.  372  i. 

—  A.  D.  1529. 

A  section  of  Ribero's  map  (ante,  no.  41),  showing  the  gulf,  etc.,  is 
given  in  the  Aar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  p.  221. 

250.  A.  D.  1534.     Hispaniola. 

From  the  engraved  map  in  the  1534  edition  (combined)  of  Peter 
Martyr  and  Oviedo.  Kohl  follows  a  facsimile  given  in  Stevens' 
Atner.  Bibtiograptier.     See  no.  256. 

251.  A.  D.  1536.     Gulf  of  Mexico. 

From  a  large  MS.  map  in  the  British  Museum.  Kohl  says  the  lan- 
guage of  the  map  is  partly  French  and  parti}'  Spanish,  the  latter 
much  corrupted;  so  that  he  infers  it  to  be  a  French  copy  of  a  Spanish 
original.  He  thinks  it  may  have  grown  out  of  the  expedition  of 
Narvaez,  and  says  that  the  peninsula  of  Florida  is  for  the  first  time 
drawn  with  approximate  accuracy.  Yucatan  is  an  island.  It  is 
sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  p.  225. 

252.  A.  D.  1542.     The  Antilles,  by  Rotz. 

One  of  the  maps  in  Rotz's  Bo/ce  of  Idrography,  in  the  British 
Museum.  The  map  is  sketched  in  the  Xar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America^ 
II,  p.  226.  It  is  called  "The  Indis  of  Occident,  quhaz  the  Spaniards 
doeth  occupy."  The  latitudes  are  too  high  by  about  three  degrees  in 
the  northern  parts,  and  too  low  by  about  two  degrees  in  the  southern 
parts;  making  the  distance  from  Trinidad  to  Florida  nmch  in  excess 
of  what  it  should  be.     (See  ante,  no.  55.) 

—A.  D.  1540-50. 

Within  this  period  may  l)e  placed  the  map  Carta  de  las  Antiilas, 
of  which  a  facsimile  is  given  in  the  Cartas  de  Indias,  published  b)- 
the  Spanish  Government  in  1S7.7. 

The  map  mentioned  by  Harrisse  in  his    Cabot s,  p.  1S5. 

The  so-called  Atlas  de  Philippe  //.  (cf.  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of 
America,  11,  222).     .See  ante,  under  no.  52. 

The  1541  Mercator  gores  {Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  j).  177. 

—  A.  D.  1544. 

The  gulf  and  neighboring  portions  of  the  Cabot  mappenionde  of 
1544,  are  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Ai)terica,  11.  pji.  227, 447. 

263.  A.  I).  1547.     Spanish  America  by  Nic  Vallard. 

This  shows  the  coast  of  both  oceans,  from  35°  N.  to  10°  vS.  latitude. 
It    is    from    the   MS.    alias    m    tht-    Sir   Thomas    rhillip])s   Colk-ction. 


I20  Kohl  Collection 

Kohl  conjectures  that  the  Spanish  drafts,  apparently  used  in  the 
making  of  this  map,  may  have  been  those  brought  from  the  peninsula 
in  1542  by  Don  Miguel  de  Sylva. 

Cf.  the  sketch  from  a  MS.  atlas  in  the  Bodleian,  given  in  the  Nar. 
and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  p.  292. 

264.   A.  D.  1547.     The  same. 
An  inaccurate  draft. 

255.  A.  D.  1555  (?).     The  Mexican  Gulf. 

This  is  a  French  map,  and  shows  the  Atlantic  coast,  from  Maine  to 
Honduras.  The  corresponding  Pacific  coast  from  about  the  latitude 
of  Mexico  (City),  is  a  mere  north-and-south  line,  with  conventional 
river-mouths.  Kohl  says  the  original  was  discovered  by  Jomard  in 
the  possession  of  a  French  noble  family.  To  judge  from  the  absence 
of  California  one  would  place  the  map  before  (say)  1535;  and  the 
absence  of  traces  of  De  Soto's  and  other  explorations  on  the  Atlantic 
side  would  indicate  as  early  a  date;  but  Kohl  places  it  under  "about 
1555)"  as  that  was  Jomard's  opinion.  Kohl  is  in  error  in  supposing 
that  the  presence  of  Bermuda  on  the  map  establishes  the  date  after 
1530;  since  Bermuda  is  on  the  Peter  Martyr  map  of  151 1,  a  map 
unknowfi  to  Kohl.  It  is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  11,  p.  224. 

256.  A.  D.  1556.     Hispaniola.     (Ramusio. ) 

From  the  engraved  map  in  Ramusio,  iil  (1556),  who  does  not  say 
whence  he  got  it.  It  is  reproduced  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  11,  p.  188,  and  seems  to  follow  no.  250. 

257.  A.  D.  1558.     Spanish  America  by  Diego  Homem. 

It  shows  the  coasts  of  both  oceans  north  of  the  Isthmus  of  Panama 
to  33°  north  latitude.  A  MS.  map  in  colors  in  the  British  Museum. 
Kohl  calls  it  the  earliest  general  map  to  embody  the  California  Penin- 
sula. The  "Rio  del  Spirito  Santo"  (Mississippi)  has  one  main  chan- 
nel.    It  is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  of  America,  11,  p.  229. 

258.  A.  D.  1564.     Hispaniola  by  P.  Forlano. 

The  engraved  original  is  marked  "In  Venetia  Paulo  Forlano  Vero- 
nese fee.  1564."  It  is  not  so  accurate  in  form  as  the  map  of  1534;  and 
it  is  not  known  whence  Forlano  drew  his  notions.  (See  ante,  under 
no.  69.) 

259.  A.  D.  1564.     Cuba  by  Forlano. 

Kohl  calls  this  the  oldest  special  map  of  Cuba  which  he  had  found. 
He  finds  names  here  which  are  preserved  in  the  Hondius  map  o. 
Cuba  (1607).     (See  ante,  under  no.  69.) 


Maps  Relating  to  America  I2i 

—  A.  D.  1566-72. 

The  maps  of  Zaltiere  {ante,  no.  94)  and  Porcacchi  {ante,  no.  95) 
show  how  distorted  a  shape  the  gulf  could  assume  even  at  so  late  a 
day  as  this.     Cf.  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  pp.  451,  453. 

260.   A.  D.  157S.     The  Antilles  by  Marlines. 

It  shows  the  Atlantic  coast  from  45°  north  to  3°  south  latitude. 
From  the  Martines  Atlas  of  1578,  in  the  British  Museum.  The  latitudes 
are  approximately  correct;  but  the  longitudes  are  much  out  of  the 
way,  being  stretched  east  and  west  too  far.  It  is  sketched  in  the  Nar. 
and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  p.  229. 

261-262.  A.  D.  1597.     Central  America  by  Wytfliet. 

This  is  from  Wytfliet's  Continuation  of  Ptolemy.  See  Winsor's 
Bibtiography  of  Ptolemy. 

—  A.  D.  1597. 

The  Castitia  del  Oro  of  Wytfliet  is  given  in  facsimile  in  the  Nar. 
and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  p.  190. 

263.  A.  D.  1597.     Mexico  by  Wytfliet. 
From  Wytfliet's  Continuation  of  Ptolemy. 

264.  A.  D.  1597.     Florida  et  Apalache  of  Wytfliet. 

From  Wytfliet's  Continuation  of  Ptolemy.  It  is  given  in  facsimile 
in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  p.  281. 

—  A.  D.  1597. 

Wytfliet's  map  of  Cuba  is  given  in  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit. 
Hist,  of  America,  11,  p.  230. 

265.  A.  D.  1601.     Mexico  and  Yucatan  by  Herrera. 

From  Herrera 's  Descripcion  de  las  Indias  (Madrid,  1601).  The 
map  closely  agrees  with  the  text  of  the  same  book,  except  that  in  the 
map  he  calls  the  City  of  Mexico  91°  west  long,  [from  Ferro?],  and  in 
the  text  he  gives  it  as  103°  from  Toledo. 

A  portion  of  it  is  reproduced  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  ylmerica, 
II,  p.  392. 

266.  A.  D.  1601.     Antilles  by  Herrera. 

A  map  which  appeared  in  Herrera's  Dccripcion  de  las  Indias,  and 
considered  by  Kohl  to  T)e  the  best  general  map  of  the  West  Indies 
produced  up  to  that  time.  They  are  called  "Yslas  de  la  mar  del 
Norte." 


122  KoJil  Collection 

267.  A.  I).  1630.     Florida  by  Dudley. 

Kohl  takes  this  from  Dudley's  MSS.  preserved  in  the  Munich 
library,  and  not  from  Dudley's  Arcano  del  Mare,  as  published  in  1646. 

—  A.  D.  165 1. 

Maps  of  New  Spain,  Cuba,  and  Hispaniola,  in  Jannson's  Minor 
Atlas,  II,  393,  397. 

268.  A.  D.  167 1.     Jamaica  by  Blome. 

This  is  from  Blome's  Present  State  of  his  Majesty's  Isles  and  Terri- 
tories in  America,  London,  1687.  It  purports  to  follow  surveys  made 
by  order  of  Sir  Thomas  Mediford,  Bart. ,  late  governor  of  the  island. 

269.  A.  D.  1712.     Pacific  Coast  of  Mexico. 

It  covers  the  space  8°  to  17°  north  latitude.  The  original  was 
engraved  by  John  Senex,  and  published  in  London,  after  a  Spanish 
map  said  to  have  been  captured  by  an  English  rover,  Capt.  Woodes 
Rogers.  The  engraved  map  appeared  in  Capt.  Rogers's  A  Cruising 
Voyage  around  the  World,  1708-11,  London,  1712.  The  Spanish  draft 
may  have  been  made,  as  Kohl  thinks,  about  1700.  See  post,  under 
no.  2S9. 

270.  A.  D.  1767.     Northern  Mexico  by  Alzate. 

This  follows  a  MS.  map  in  the  British  Museum,  which  professed  to 
be  drafted  by  Jos6  Antonio  Alzate  y  Ramirez,  after  the  best  printed 
and  MS.  authorities.  It  shows  the  explorations  of  Father  Kino  about 
the  Colorado  and  its  affluents,  and  gives  the  northern  extremity  only 
of  the  Gulf  of  California.  At  the  top  of  the  map,  under  43°,  it  shows 
the  "Mar  o  Bahia  del  Vest,"  which  Juan  de  Fuca explored.  {^&&post, 
no.  289. ) 

271.  A.  D.  1778.     New  Mexico  by  Escalante. 
A  folded  sheet,  without  annotations. 

271a    A.  D.  1795.     New  Mexico  by  Juan  Lopez. 
From  a  Spanish  printed  map. 

272.  A.  D.  1852.     Anegada  by  Schomburgk. 

(Virgin  Islands.) 

This  follows  surveys  made  by  Sir  Robert  Schomburgk,  published 
in  M\^  Journal  of  the  Royal  Geographical  Society,  11,  p.  152  (1852). 

273.  A.  D.  1833.     The  Usumasinta  River  in  Central  America. 

An  engraved  map  in  the  Royal  Geographical  Society 'sycwrwa/,  III, 
59  (1833))  prepared  by  Col.  Galindo. 

274.  A.  D.  1836.     Costa  Rica  by  Col.  Galindo. 

From  xh.^  Journal  of  the  Royal  Geog.  Society,  vol.  vi  (1836). 


Maps  Relating  to  America  123 

275.  A.  D.  1844.     River  Tabasco  by  Peter  Masters. 

From  I'hQ  Journal  of  the  Royal  Geog.  Society,  vol.  xv  (1845). 

276.  A.  D.  1853.     Samana. 

The  Peninsula  and  Bay  of  Samana  in  the  Dominican  Republic,  by 
Sir  Robert  H.  Schomburgk,  in  the.  Journal  of  the  Roval  Geog.  Society, 
1853. 

IX. 

THE  PACIFIC  COAST  OF  NORTH  AMERICA, 

***  See  aiilf,  sections  II  and  III.  and  post,  section  X. 

—  A.  D.  1513,  etc. 

Dr.  Kohl  printed  an  abstract  of  his  studies  on  the  cartography  of 
the  west  coast  of  North  America  in  the  U.  S.  Coasl  Sun'ey  Report, 
1855,  p.  374,  etc.;  and  there  is  a  MS.  on  the  subject  by  him  in  the 
library  of  the  American  Antiquarian  Society  at  Worcester.  The  fullest 
information  on  the  subject  will  be  found  in  H.  H.  Bancroft's  lYort/i 
West  Coast,  vol.  i,  and  in  the  Nar.  ayid  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  p. 
431,  etc. 

We  find  the  earliest  delineations  of  this  coast  in  15 13  from  two 
sources — first,  from  the  Portuguese  in  their  efforts  to  place  the  Moluc- 
cas in  relations  with  the  new  continent,  as  shown  in  (post)  nos.  315 
and  316;  and,  second,  from  the  maps  which  show  the  discovery  of 
Balboa,  either  honestly  recorded  as  in  the  Verrazano  map  of  1524 
{ante,  under  no.  42),  the  Maiollo  (1527,  under  no.  39),  the  so-called 
Ferdinand  Columbus  (1527,  ante,  no.  38)  and  Ribero  maps  (1529, 
ante,  no.  41);  or  conjecturally  extended  as  in  Schoner's  globes  of 
15 1 5  and  1520  [ante,  nos.  34,  35),  the  Apian  mappemonde  of  1520 
(no.  36),  the  Thorne  map  of  1527  (no.  39),  the  Miinster  map  of  1532 
(under  no.  46);  or  purposely  left  doubtful  as  in  the  map  of  Reisch's 
J\fargarita  philosophica,  15 15  (ante,  no.  33),  the  Tross  gores  (under 
no.  32),  and  others. 

—  A.  D.  1526. 

The  map  of  the  monk  Franciscus,  making  South  America  an  island, 
identifies  North  America  with  Asia,  and  substitutes  the  southern  coast 
of  Asia  for  the  west  coast  of  North  America.  (Lelewel,  Geog.  du 
Afoyen  Age,  pi.  XLVi.) 

—  A.  J).  i53o(?) 

The  map  in  the  Sloane  MSvS.  (British  Museum),  illu.strating  the 
Asiatic  theory  of  North  America,      (.hite,  no.  43.) 

The  Turin  atlas  described  in  the  Jahrcsbcricht  des  I  'ereins  Jiir 
Erdkunde  in  Dresden,  1870,  which  leaves  the  northern  extension  of 
the  coasl  uncertain.     {Ante,  no.  51.) 


124  KoJil  Collection 

—  A.  D.  1532. 

The  cordiforni  map  of  Orontius  Fin:3eus,  showing  the  Asiatic  theory 
of  North  America.      ^Antt\  no.  46.) 

—  A.  D.  1532-40. 

The  map  in  Kunstmann,  which  does  not  go  north  of  the  California 
peninsula. 

•-A.  D.  1534. 

The  Lenox  wood-cut  {ante,  no.  47)  does  not  go  north  beyond  the 
limits  of  Central  America. 

—  A.  D.  1534-50- 

The  Italian  mappemonde  given  in  th.Q  Jahresbericht  des  Vereins  fiir 
Erdkundc  in  Leipzig,  1871,  which  shows  the  coast  as  high  as  Cali- 
fornia. •> 

—  A.  D.  1535- 

Cortes'  map  of  the  coasts  about  the  entrance  of  the  Gulf  of  Cali- 
fornia, bought  by  the  Rev.  E.  E.  Hale  in  1883  from  the  Spanish 
Archives,  of  which  there  is  a  heliotype  in  the  Nar.  atid  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  11,  p.  442. 

—  A.  D.  1536. 

The  Agnese  mappemonde,  which  shows  the  Central  America  and 
Mexican  coasts.     {Ajite,  no.  52.) 

A  MS.  mappemonde  in  the  British  Museum,  which  extends  the 
coast  northward  to  California.     {Ante,  no.  52. ) 

—  A.  D.  153S. 

A  map  in  the  Basle  edition  of  Solinus  and  Pomponius  Mela,  which 
represents  the  western  coast  of  America  indefinitely  as  "terra  in- 
cognita." 

—  A.  D.  1539. 

Plate  XIII,  in  the  Portolano  of  Charles  V.  {ante,  under  no.  52), 
which  shows  the  Central  America  coast. 

Plates  IV,  and  xiv,  of  the  same,  which  extend  the  coast  above  the 
peninsula  of  California. 

—  A.  D.  1540  (?) 

Homem's  mappemonde,  which  extends  the  coast  northward  to  the 
California  peninsula.      {Ante,  no.  60.) 

—  A.  D.  1540-50. 

The  Nancy  Globe  {ante,  no.  61),  which  follows  the  Asiatic  theory. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  125 

—  A.  D.  is-to. 

Miinster's  map  in  the  Ptolemy  of  1540,  which  conjecturally  disjoins 
North  America  from  Asia.      [Ante,  under  no.  52.) 

Apian's  map  in  his  Cosiiiographia  shows  a  similar  but  distorted 
separation.  (See  ante,  no.  62.)  It  was  repeated  in  the  Antwerp  edi- 
tion of  1545,  and  in  the  Paris  edition  of  1551.     (See  ante,  no.  62.) 

—  A.  D.  1541. 

Mercator's  map  in  gores,  giving  a  conjectural  western  limit  to  North 
America.      {Ante,  under  no.  53.) 

—  A.  D.  1540-5"- 

An  Italian  portolano,  now  in  the  Carter-Brown  collection,  and  noted 
in  Quaritch's  Catal.  of  Hist,  atid  GeograpJiy,  18S5,  no.  362,  under 
28,159,  which  contains  five  maps  showing  the  west  coast  of  North 
America,  as  a  part  of  the  western  hemisphere,  viz. : 

No.  VII.  which  resembles  a  map  in  an  Atlas  in  the  Biblioteca  Ric- 
cardiana  (Jaliresbcric)it  des  Vereins  fi'ir  Erdtiunde  171  Dresden,  1870, 
pi.  VI.),  shows  the  Asiatic  theory. 

No.  IX.  brings  out  the  California  peninsula,  but  goes  no  farther 
north. 

No.  XI.  is  in  gores,  adheres  to  the  Asiatic  theory,  and  resembles  pi. 
IX.  of  \X\^  JaJiresberictit ,  etc. 

No.  XXVII.  is  confined  to  the  Central  America  coast. 

No.  XXIX.  goes  north  to  the  peninsula  of  California. 

277.  A.  D.  1541.     Castillo's  California. 

The  map  published  by  Bishop  Lorenzana  in  his  Nueva  Espana 
(1770),  who  found  it  among  the  archives  of  the  decendants  of  Cortes. 
Domingo  del  Castillo  wa,s  a  pilot  in  the  fleet  of  Alarcon,  who  explored 
the  coast  in  1540,  and  penetrated  to  the  head  of  the  gulf  of  California 
and  discovered  the  Colorado  river.  A  large  part  of  his  coast  names 
are  not  to  be  found  in  the  accounts  of  Alarcon's  expedition,  nor  in 
those  of  the  explorations  of  Ulloa  (1539). 

Kohl  speaks  of  this  map  of  California  as  the  earliest  known;  but  he 
was  not  informed  respecting  the  map  mentioned  above  under  A.  D. 

1535. 

Ca.stillo's  map  is  given  in-  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  11,  p.  444;  and  is  .sketched  in  H.  H.  Bancroft's  Cent.  Amer- 
ica, I,  153,  and  Nortli  JMexican  States,  l,  81.  He  gives  the  coast  a 
greater  extension  beyond  the  peninsula  than  it  has  in  the  original. 

—  A.  D.  1542. 

The  map  in  Rotz's  Jdrograpliy  shows  the  Central  America  coast. 
{Ante,  no.  55. )     See  also  the  Ulpius  globe  under  the  same  number. 

—  A.  I).  1543. 

The  Gotha  map  of  Baptista  Agnese  shows  the  Central  America  and 
iSIexican  coa.sts.     {j-htte,  no.  56.  j 


126  Kohl  Collection 

—  A.  D.  1544. 

The  Cabot  niappemonde  carries  the  coast  north  only  so  far  as  the 
peninsula  of  California.  (See  under  no.  56.)  Cf.  sketches  in  Nar. 
and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  pp.  227,  447. 

—  A.  D.  1545. 

A  conjectural  coast,  called  "  Temistitan, "  given  in  the  mappemonde 
of  MUnster  in  his  edition  of  Ptolemy.     {Ante,  no.  57. ) 

The  map  in  Medina's  Arte  de  Navegar  shows  only  the  Central 
America  coast.  It  is  repeated  in  the  1549  edition,  Libra,  etc.  [Ante, 
no.  59. ) 

Cf.  the  mappemonde,  said  to  be  on  Mercator's  projection  (?),  put 
between  1545  and  1558,  which  is  described  in  F.  S.  Ellis's  Catal. 
1884,  no.  174. 

278.  A.  D.  1546.     Tipper  California  by  Juan  Freire. 

Part  of  a  Portuguese  portolano,  which  was  in  Santarem's  possession 
when  Kohl  copied  this  portion  and  no.  279,  its  complement.  The 
language  is  partly  Latin,  partly  Spanish,  but  mainly  a  corrupt  Portu- 
guese. The  drafts  used  by  Freire  were  evidently,  as  Kohl  thinks, 
those  of  Ulloa  and  Alarcon,  though  he  must  have  had  other  material. 
He  does  not  give  any  names  corresponding  to  the  accounts  of  the  ex- 
plorations of  Cabrillo  and  Ferrero  (1542-43).  The  coast  is  given  a 
westerly  trend,  as  if  to  connect  it  with  Asia.  Kohl  judges  that  Freire 
had  some  drafts  of  a  voyager  who  sailed  westward,  and  at  intervals 
lost  sight  of  the  coast. 

279.  A.  D.  1546.     liower  California  by  Juan  Freire. 

From  the  same  map  as  no.  278.  A  legend  on  the  map  in  two  places 
credits  Cortes  with  the  discovery  of  this  coast.  Freire  seems  to  have 
used  Castillo's  chart  and  the  reports  of  Ulloa  and  Alarcon.  See  Nar. 
and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  p.  448. 

—  A.  D.  1548. 

Gastaldi's  map,  numbered  59  in  the  edition  of  Ptolemy  of  this  year, 
which  follows  the  Asiatic  theory;  and  the  "Carta  Marina"  in  the 
same.  (See  ante,  under  no.  58,  and  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America, 
II,  435-) 

An  atlas  of  about  this  time  in  the  Biblioteca  Riccardiana  at  Florence 
is  described  in  \.h.&  Jahresbericht  des  Vereins  fi'ir  Erdkunde  in  Dresden, 
1870,  which  has  several  maps  showing  the  west  coast  of  North  America. 
The  maps  in  Tab.  vii.  and  ix.  carry  the  coast  north  to  the  peninsula 
of  California,  and  one  of  those  in  Tab.  ix.  carries  it  a  little  farther. 
Two  maps  in  Tab.  vi.  illustrate  the  Asiatic  theory. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  127 

—  A.  D.  1554. 

The  map  of  Bellero  shows  the  Central  America  and  Mexican  coasts. 
{Afite,  no.  64.) 

An  atlas  of  Agnese  {ante,  under  no.  64)  gives  maps  showing  the 
coast  from  the  peninsula  of  California  south. 

—  A.  D.  1555. 

A  French  map  brought  forward  by  Jomard  shows  a  purely  conven- 
tional west  coast.     {Ante,  no.  255.) 

—  A.  D.  1556. 

The  map  in  Ramusio  extends  north  to  the  peninsula  of  California. 
{Ante,  no.  66.) 

The  map  of  Vopellio  in  Girava's  Cosrnographia  adheres  to  the  .\siatic 
theory.  (See  ante,  under  no.  66.)  There  is  a  facsimile  of  the  Ameri- 
can part  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  ii,  p.  436.  Girava  says 
he  used  a  draft  by  Vopellio  as  the  basis  of  the  map,  which  is  often 
wanting  in  copies  of  the  book,  whose  value,  according  as  the  map  is 
in  facsimile  or  an  original,  has  recently  been  fixed  by  Quaritch  at 
^3  10  o  and  £2\.  The  edition  of  Girava  in  1570  is  the  same,  with 
the  preliminary  leaves  reprinted. 

—  A.  D.  1558. 

The  map  of  Homem  carries  the  coast  north  to  the  California  penin- 
sula,     i.-lnte,  nos.  67  and  257.) 

The  map  of  Martines,  placed  usually  somewhere  in  this  decade  {ante, 
no.  63)  is  one  of  the  earliest  to  contract  the  water  supposed  to  separate 
America  from  Asia  to  the  dimensions  of  a  strait.  It  is  sketched  and 
described  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  450. 

—  A.  D.  1560. 

The  map  of  Forlani  adheres  to  the  Asiatic  theory.  {Ante,  no.  69.) 
It  is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  438. 

—  A.  D.  1561. 

A  map  of  Honter  illustrating  the  Asiatic  theory. 

In  Ruscelli's  edition  of  Ptolemy  (see  under  no.  69,  ante),  a  map  of 
the  western  hemisphere  carries, a  definite  coast  line  beyond  the  Cali- 
fornia peninsula,  above  which  a  dotted  coast  line  is  marked  "littus 
incognitum."  The  map  of  "Nueva  Hispania"  develops  the  Gulf  of 
California  and  adjacent  coasts. 

—  A.  D.  1566. 

The  map  of  North  America  by  Zaltieri  {ante,  under  nos.  69  and  94) 
shows  the  narrow  strait  as  given  in  the  Martines  map  {ante,  under 
A.  D.  1558).  It  is  given  in  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and  Cnt.  Hist. 
America,  11,  p.  451.  The  claim  of  Kohl  that  it  is  the  earliest  to  show 
the  straits  of  Anian  compels  the  putting  of  a  map  of  Martines  later 
than  here  judged. 


128  KoJil  CoUrctio)! 

A  map  of  Des  Liens  {ante,  under  no.  69)  gives  only  the  Central 
America  coast. 

—  A.  D.  1568. 

The  map  of  Diegus  (Homem)  turns  the  coast-line  east  a  little  dis- 
tance above  the  head  of  the  California  peninsula.  See  ante,  no.  70 ; 
and  Xar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Ainenca,  11,  p.  449;  iv,  p.  92. 

—  A.  D.  1569. 

The  great  map  of  Mercator  [ante,  under  no.  71).  It  established 
more  effectuallj'  the  type  of  the  strait  of  Anian  as  prefigured  by  Mar- 
tines  and  Zaltieri.  It  is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  atid  Crit.  Hist.  Atner- 
ica,  II,  p.  452. 

—  A.  D.  1570. 

The  Ortelius  map  follows  Mercator's.  {Ante,  no.  72,  and/>£>5^,  no. 
324-) 

—  A.  D.  1572. 

The  Porcacchi  map  also  gives  a  similar  strait  of  Anian.  {Ante, 
under  nos.  72  and  95.)  It  is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  11,  p.  453. 

—  A.  D.  1574. 

Forlani's  map.  (See  post,  no.  325. )  The  map  in  Gallseus'  Enchiri- 
dion {ante,  under  no.  72)  follows  the  Mercator  type. 

—  A.  D.  1576. 

The  map  in  Humphrey  Gilbert's  Discourse  {ante,  no  74)  has  a  coast 
little  resembling  any  other  map,  but  gives  the  strait  of  Anian. 

280.  A.  D.  1578.     California  by  Martines. 

It  shows  the  coast  from  10°  to  55°  north,  with  "Giapan"  and  a 
part  of  the  Asiatic  coast.  It  is  from  the  Martines  Atlas  in  the  British 
Museum,  made  between  1568  and  1578,  at  Messina,  though  Martines 
seems  to  have  been  a  Spaniard.  The  outline  of  the  gulf  of  California 
is  much  less  accurate  than  in  earlier  maps. 

This  is  a  different  atlas  from  the  one  of  i55-(?),  mentioned  ante 
under  A.  D.  1558.  A  sketch  of  the  Central  America  coast  of  the  1578 
atlas  is  given  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  p.  229. 

—  A.  D.  1578. 

The  map  in  Best's  Frobisher  is  rudely  delineated.     {Ante,  no.  78.) 

—  A.  D.  1580. 

The  map  of  Dr.  Dee  {ante,  no.  96)  carries  the  coast  above  40° 
N.  Lat. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  129 


A.  D.  1582. 


Lok's  map  leaves  the  coast  uncertain  above  the  peninsula  of  Cali- 
fornia.    {Afite,  no  (jj.) 

The  map  of  Popelliniere's  Trots  blondes  is  of  the  Mercator  (1569) 
type. 

—  A.  D.  15S7. 

The  IMyritius  map  follows  the  Asiatic  theory,      [yln/t',  no.  79.) 

—  A.  D.  15S7. 

The  Hakluyt-Martyr  map  carries  the  coast  well  up  to  the  Arctic 
region.     (Afite,  under  no.  79.) 

281.  A.  D.  1592.     California  (Molineaux's  Globe). 

From  the  globe  in  the  IMiddle  Temple,  London.  Sir  Francis 
Drake's  track  is  pricked  upon  it,  and  is  taken  perhaps  from  Drake's 
charts,  now  lost.  It  shows  Drake  to  have  gone  as  far  north  as  48°. 
The  general  trend  of  the  coast  is  more  northerly  than  westerly,  as  on 
earlier  maps.  There  is  a  sketch  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America, 
II,  p.  455- 

282.  A.  D.  1593.     Northwest  Coast  by  C.  de  Judaeis. 

A  map  from  Cornelius  de  Judaeis's  Speculum  Orbis  Terrcc,  1593, 
and  called  "Quivirce  Regnum,"  which  is  the  name  on  a  protuberance 
of  the  coast  line  in  40°  N.  lat. ;  while  a  larger  protuberance  in  60°  is 
called  "Anian  Regnum."  Northwest  of  this  last  peninsula,  under 
70°,  is  a  pinnacle-rock,  in  the  sea,  which  marks  the  "  Polus  Mag- 
netis."  An  inscription  in  the  interior  notes  that  oxen  and  cows,  which 
have  the  hump  of  a  camel,  and  the  tail  and  feet  of  lions,  frequent 
the  woody  plain.     {Ante,  no.  98.) 

A  map  of  the  same  date  in  the  Libri  ol  Maffeius.  [Ante,  under 
no.  83.) 

—  A.  D.  1597. 

De  Bry's  map,  giving  the  conventional  view  of  the  time.  See  enu- 
meration ante,  under  no  84. 

The  Arnheim  edition  of  Ptolemy  has  the  following  maps  showing 
the  west  coast  of  North  America:  — 

No.  2,  the  western  hemisphere,  much  like  the  Mercator  type. 

No.  28,  the  straits  of  Anian. 

No.  29,  a  mappemonde,  giving  the  west  coast  in  the  conventional 
manner  of  the  perio<l. 

No.  32,  the  North  Pacific,  showing  an  indefinite  "Pars  America;." 

Nos.  34  and  35,  the  western  hemisphere,  with  a  Pacific  coast  of  the 
Mercator  type. 

The  map  of  Porro  (ante,  no.  85)  distinguishes  this  edition  from  the 
Cologne  edition  of  Ptolemy  of  the  same  year. 
1 1 606 — 1)4 9 


130  Kolil  Collection 

AVytfliet's  continuation  of  Ptolemy  contains  several  maps  showing 
the  west  coast. 

No.  1 .  The  Western  hemisphere  .shows  the  straits  of  Anian.  This 
map  is  given  in  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11, 

P-  459- 

No.  13.  "Granata  nova  et  California"  develops  the  region  of  the 
California  peninsula,  and  a  facsimile  of  the  map  of  the  gulf  is  given 
in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11.  458. 

No.  14.  "  Quivira  et  Anian,"  showing  the  region  from  Cape  Blanco 
north. 

—  A.  D.  1598. 

The  mappemondes  in  Wolfe's  Linschoten  and  in  Miinster's  Cosino- 
graptiia  of  the  current  type  for  the  west  coast  of  North  America.  (Cf. 
ante,  under  nos.  84  and  86. ) 

The  Italian  Ortelius,  published  at  Brescia,  gives  a  map  of  the  cur- 
rent type  for  this  coast,  and  one  which  clings  to  the  Asiatic  theory, 
being  about  the  last  instance  of  such  views. 

—  A.  D.  1600. 

The  map  in  the  America  of  Metullus  has  the  Wytfliet  type.  {Ante, 
under  no.  87.) 

—  A.  D.  1601. 

The  maps  of  Herrera  and  Quadus.     {Ante,  nos.  88  and  99.) 

283.  A.  D.  1602.     The  California  Coast  after  Viscaino. 

The  coast  from  Cape  Mendocino  to  Cape  St.  Lucas.  It  is  composed 
from  the  32  charts  of  the  coast  which  Viscaino  made,  and  which  were 
deposited  in  the  Spanish  Archives,  when  the  editors  of  the  voyage  of 
the  Spanish  vessels,  "Sutil"  and  "Mexicana,"  brought  the  present 
sketch  to  light,  basing  it  on  those  lesser  charts. 

Cf.  sketch  in  Nar.  atid  Crit.  Hist.  America,  iii,  p.  75;  and  repro- 
duction in  Atlas  para  et  IHage  de  las  goletas  Sutil y  Mexicana  { 1802 ) , 
by  Dionysio  Alcala-Galiano. 

284.  A.  D.  1602.     The  same. 
A  le.ss  perfect  sketch. 

—  A.  D.  1603. 

The  maps  in  Botero's  Relaciones, — one  of  the  world,  the  other  of  the 
western  hemisphere, — are  of  the  Mercator  type.  The  Italian  edition 
was  in  1595.     (See  ante,  under  no.  84.) 

—  A.  D.  1604. 

Buache  engraved  in  1754  a  Spanish  map  of  1604,  made  at  Florence 
by  Mathieu  Neron  Pecciolen,  which  shows  the  Gulf  of  California  and 
adjacent  coasts.  It  is  also  in  the  Encyclopidie  published  at  Paris  in 
1777  (supplement). 


Maps  Relating  to  America  131 


A.  D.  1606. 


The  map  in  Cespedes'  Reginiiento  de  navegocion  leaves  the  north- 
west coast  partially  indeterminate.      {Ante,  no.  89.) 

—  A.  D.  1613. 

The  map  illustrating  the  narrative  of  Ferdinand  de  Quir  in  the  De- 
tedio  Freti  of  Hudson,  edited  by  H.  Geritsz,  gives  an  unusual  width 
to  the  Straits  of  Anian. 

The  3Iercator-Hondius  atlas  contains  a  map  of  the  world,  another  of 
America,  both  by  Hondius,  and  one  of  America  by  Michael  IMercator. 
They  all  show  the  Straits  of  Anian,  but  the  protuberant  coast  of 
America  has  no  marked  feature  except  the  Gulf  of  California.  Similar 
features  mark  the  map  of  Hondius,  which  he  based  on  the  results  of 
the  voyages  of  Drake  and  Cavendish  {ante,  no.  91),  and  the  map  of 
Oliva  {ante,  no.  90). 

—  A.  D.  1622. 

The  map  in  Kasper  van  Baerle's  edition  of  Herrera  is  thought  to  be 
the  earliest  return  to  the  original  belief  that  the  Peninsula  of  Califor- 
nia was  an  island.  The  history  of  this  latter  belief  is  traced  in  the 
Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  461,  etc.  The  same  1622  edition  of 
Herrera  at  the  same  time  repeats  the  map  from  the  original  edition  of 
1601,  which  presents  the  peninsula  form  for  California. 

—  A.  D.  1625. 

The  map  accompanying  the  treatise  by  Briggs  in  Purchas's  Pilgrimes 
{ante,  no.  100).  It  is  sketched  in  H.  H.  Bancroft's  Nortli  Mexican 
States,  I,  169.  It  makes  California  an  island.  Cf.  H.  H.  Bancroft's 
Northwest  Coast,  i,  103,  104. 

—  A.  D.  1626. 

The  map  in  John  Speed's /Vo5/»^f/'  makes  California  an  island,  and 
carries  the  main  coast  above  it  by  a  dotted  line. 

—  A.  D.  1630. 

The  map  in  De  Laet's  Nieuwe-  Weretdt.     {Ante,  no.  92.) 

286.  A.  D.  1630.     Northwest  Coast  by  Dudley. 

From  Dudley's  Arcano  del  Mare,  1630.  Kohl  judges  from  the 
original  MS.  draft  of  this  map  preserved  in  Munich,  in  which  the 
latest  date  mentioned  is  1621,  that  Dudley  made  this  map  but  a  few 
years  later.  Dudley  seems  not  to  have  been  aware  of  Viscaino's 
drafts.  His  inscriptions  credit  the  discovery  of  the  coast,  which  he 
calls  "Regno  di  Quivira,"  to  Sir  Francis  Drake  in  1579.  ^^^  .shows 
"Asia"  on  the  west  edge  of  the  map,  as  "La  grand  i.sla  di  Jezo,"  and 
his  notes  at  Munich  say  that  Dudley  got  his  knowledge  of  that  region 
from  the  Jesuits  in  Japan.     See  facsimile  in  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 


132  Kohl  Collection 

America,  11,  p.  465.  This  is  plate  no.  xxxiiii.  Plates  xxxi.  and 
XXXII.  represent  California  as  a  peninsula.  In  his  Liber  11.  (p.  19),  a 
map  of  "  Nuova  Albione"  extends  from  a  vague  "  golf o  prof ondo " 
(w-ith  an  "I.  de  Cedros"  at  its  entrance)  to  Cape  Mendocino. 

Kohl  gives  1630  as  the  date  of  the  Arcane,  but  no  earlier  edition 
than  1646  has  come  under  my  obser\' ation ;  though  the  book  in  a 
smaller  shape  and  of  that  earlier  date  is  said  to  exist. 

286.  A.  D.  1630.     Gulf  of  California  by  Dudley. 

This  is,  as  Kohl  says,  from  the  MSS.  of  Dudley  at  Munich,  and  not 
from  his  Arcano  del  JMare.  The  names  are  mostly  Italian,  but  a  few 
are  in  Spanish.  He  represents  California  as  a  peninsula.  It  does  not 
appear  whence  he  got  his  views. 

—  A.  D.  1635. 

The  Salstonstall  English  edition  of  the  Hondius-Mercator  atlas  has 
a  map  of  America,  which  is  a  reduction  from  the  map  in  the  1613 
edition  of  the  atlas. 

—  A.  D.  1636. 

The  Hexham  English  edition  of  the  Hondius-Mercator  atlas  has  two 
maps  .showing  the  west  coast  of  North  America.  In  both  California 
is  an  island;  in  one  there  is,  and  in  the  other  there  is  not,  a  break  in 
the  main  coast  line  opposite  the  head  of  the  island. 

—  A.  D.  1637. 

A   map   in  Le  Monde  of   D'Avity,  sketched  in  H.  H.  Bancroft's 

Northwest  Coast,  i,  108. 

—  A.  D.  1640. 

The  alleged  explorations  of  Bartolom^  de  Fonte  at  this  time  gave 
rise,  after  the  publication  of  the  story  in  1708,  to  various  conjectural 
maps  of  the  west  coast  of  North  America,  prominent  among  whic'n 
are  the  renderings  of  Delisle  and  Buache,  1752-53,  and  the  map  of 
Jefferys. 

The  indications  of  this  venturesome  cartography  are  noted  in  H.  H. 
Bancroft's  Northwest  Coast,  vol.  i,  and  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  11,  p.  462,  463.     See  post,  under  a.  d.  1752-53. 

—  A.  D.  I646. 

Dudley's  Arcano  del  Mare.     See  ante,  nos.  285,  286. 

The  two  maps  of  Petrus  Koerius  (1646)  in  Speed's  Prospect  of  the 
most  Famous  Parts  of  the  World  ( London,  1668),  show  the  geograph- 
ical confusion  of  the  time.  In  one  California  is  an  island,  with  a  fixed 
coast  above,  to  the  straits  of  Anian;  in  the  other,  California  is  a  penin- 
sula, and  there  are  alternative  coasts  north  of  it,  in  half-shading. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  133 

—  A.  D.  165 1. 

A  map  in  Jansson's^^y^'/a^  Minor  makes  California  a  peninsula,  indi- 
cates north  of  it  a  doubtful  passage  to  the  north  sea,  and  further  west 
delineates  the  "Fretum  Anian." 

A  map  in  Speed's  Prospect  (edition  of  !676)  makes  Cape  Mendocino 
the  northern  point  of  California  island,  with  a  break  in  the  coast  of 
the  main  land  opposite,  while  another  Cape  ^Mendocino  is  drawn  still 
further  north. 

A  map  of  Virginia  by  Virginia  Farrer  (facsimile  in  Xar.  and  Crit. 
Hist.  America,  iii.  465)  makes  the  coast  of  New-  Albion  (Drake's)  lie 
at  the  base  of  the  western  slope  of  the  AUeghanies,  narrowing  the 
continent  to  a  few  days'  journey. 

—  A.  D.  1652. 

Maps  of  the  same  cartographer,  called  in  one  N.  I.  Visscher  and  in 
the  other  N.  I.  Piscator,  make  California  a  peninsula  and  indicate  the 
straits  of  Anian. 

—  A.  D.  1655. 

Wright  in  his  Certain  Errors  in  Navigation  has  an  insular  Cali- 
fornia. 

287.   A.  D.  1656.     Sanson's  California. 

California  is  shown  as  an  island,  a  view,  as  Kohl  thinks,  introduced 
by  Purchas  {ante,  under  A.  D.  1625;  but  see  under  A.  D.  1622)  in  the 
map  which  he  gives  as  found  among  some  Spanish  charts  captured  by 
the  Hollanders.  The  country  inland  is  called  "  Nueva  Mexico"  in 
the  north  and  "Nueva  Granada "  in  the  south.  The  "Rio  del  Norte," 
on  which  Santa  F^  is  placed,  runs  into  the  Gulf  of  California;  and  this 
river  continued  to  have  this  course  given  to  it  till  Coronelli,  as  Kohl 
says,  directed  it  to  the  Gulf  of  Mexico.  The  map  is  reproduced  in  the 
supplement  of  the  French  Encyclopi'die  for  1777. 

Sanson  repeated  his  draft  in  1657,  making  the  main  coast  end  with 
"Aguhela  de  Cato;  "  and  in  his  L'Ainerique  (1657-83)  he  puts  a 
"Terre  de  Je.sso"  northwest  of  the  insular  California. 

—  A.  D.  1659. 

The  map  in  the  Hist,  of  the  IVortd  by  Petavius  (Petau)  gives  an 
insular  California  and  the  usual  break  in  the  main  coast  opposite  its 
northern  extreniitj-. 

—  A.  D.  1661. 

In  Van  Loon's  sea  atlas  the  map  "Nova Granada  en  I'Eylandt Cali- 
fornia" gives  a  strait  of  Anian  a  little  higher  up  than  the  island,  and 
puts  a  "Terra  incognita"  beyond  it. 


134  KoJil  Collection 

—  A.  D.  1663. 

The  map  "Aniericae  nova  descriptio"  in  Heylin's  Cosmographie 
(1669,  1674,  1677)  carries  above  a  point  opposite  the  head  of  the  island 
of  California  a  dotted  line,  which,  farther  above,  branches  in  three 
conjectural  directions. 

—  A.  D.  i67e>-7i. 

Blonie  follows  vSanson.  In  Montanus  and  Ogilb}',  California  is  an 
island  {ante,  section  vi,  A.  D.  1670-73).  Ogilby's  map  is  sketched  in 
H.  H.  Bancroft's  Northwest  Coast,  i,  no. 

—  A.  D.  1683-1704. 

Hennepin  sometimes  makes  California  an  island,  sometimes  a  penin- 
sula.    Blaeu  about  this  time  had  the  same  hesitancy. 

288.   A.  D.  168-?     New  Mexico  by  Coronelli.  . 

An  imperfect  draft,  without  Kohl's  annotations.  It  represents 
California  as  an  island.  The  "Rio  del  Norte"  becomes  the  "Rio 
Bravo,"  and  flows  to  the  Mexican  gulf. 

Coronelli's  globe  of  1683  makes  California  an  island. 

—  A.  D.  1684. 

Franquelin's  great  map  shows  only  a  part  of  California,  but  he 
marks  it  as  an  island.     {Ante,  section  iii,  A.  D.  1681-84.) 

—  A.  D.  1694. 

Jaillot  has  California  an  island,  with  "Terra  de  Jesso"  northwest  of 

it.     [Post,  no.  328.) 

—  A.  D.  1695. 

A  map  of  Guillaume  Delisle  represents  a  "  Mer  de  I'Ouest"  lying 
on  the  parallel  from  Cape  Mendocino  to  Lake  Superior,  but  he  gives 
it  no  defined  connection  with  the  Pacific,  while  the  straits  of  Anian  are 
delineated  with  coast  lines  extended  but  a  short  distance  on  either 
side.     This  map  was  published  by  the  younger  Delisle  in  1752. 

About  the  close  of  the  century  Covens  and  Mortier  of  Amsterdam 
published  what  are  known  as  the  Carolus  Allard  atlases.  One  of  these 
represents  California  as  an  island,  and  a  "Terra  Esonis"  north  of  it, 
with  a  strait  at  either  extremit}' — that  on  the  west  separating  it  from 
"Yedso,"  apparently  a  part  of  the  Asiatic  coast. 

—  A.  D.  1698. 

Edward  Wells  in  his  New  Set  of  3Taps  gives  the  island  of  California 
with  a  "supposed  straits  of  Anian"  just  north  of  its  upper  end,  but 
he  omits  all  coast  lines  above  it. 

—  A.  D.  1700. 

Delisle  makes  California  a  problematical  peninsula. 


Maps  Relating  to  A))U}'ica  135 

289.  A.  D.  1701.     Gulf  of  California  by  Father  Kino. 

Shows  the  results  of  the  explorations  of  Father  Kiihn — a  German, 
whose  name  was  changed  by  the  Mexicans  to  Kino,  as  Kohl  says — 
instigated  by  the  Jesuit  Salvatierra.  The  map  shows  the  convictions 
of  Kino,  that  California  was  a  peninsula,  rather  than  a  demonstration 
from  his  own  explorations.  He  published  his  map  originally  in  the 
Lett  res  Edifiantes,  vol.  v.  (1705),  and  it  is  called  "  Passage  par  terre  a. 
la  Californie.  Decouvert  par  le  Rev.  Pere  E.  F.  Kino,  Jeauite,  depuis 
1698  jusqu'a  1701." 

See  Father  Kino's  explorations  indicated  in  the  map  of  Alzate. 
{Ante,  no.  270.) 

Kino's  map  was  re-engraved  by  Buache  in  Paris  (1754),  by  Sayer  in 
a  map  of  North  America  published  in  London,  in  the  supplement  of 
the  French  Encyclopedie  (1777),  b}-  Marcou  in  Report  of  tlie  Cliief  of 
Enghieers,  U.  S.  A.,  (1878),  and  in  H.  H.  Bancroft's  Nortli  JMexican 
States,  1,499.     Cf.  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  p.  467. 

—  A.  D.  1705. 

The  map  in  Harris's  Coltedion  of  Voyages,  reproduced  in  H.  H. 
Bancroft's  Northwest  Coast,  1,114.     California  is  an  island. 

—  A.  D.  1707. 

Vander  Aa's  map  is  sketched  in  H.  H.  Bancroft's  Northwest  Coast, 
I,  115. 

—  A.  D.  1712. 

A  Spanish  map  of  the  Pacific  coast  of  Mexico  is  described,  ante,  no. 
269. 

—  A.  D.  1715-1717. 

Delisle  varied  in  his  drafts  of  California,  being  undecided  on  the 
evidence;  and  in  the  latter  year,  while  he  made  it  a  peninsula,  he  cut 
the  coast  line  north  of  it  by  a  great  gulf,  "  Mer  de  I'Ouest,"  extending 
inland  indefinitely. 

—  A.  D.  17 19. 

Homann  of  Nuremberg,  made  an  insular  California,  with  an  entrance 
to  a  supposed  gulf  opposite  with  an  island  in  the  middle  of  the 
passage. 

—  A.  D.  1720. 

The  Atlas  geographicus  of  Seutter,  Augsburg,  retains  the  Califor- 
nian  island,  separated  by  a  passage,  "  Fretum  Anian  hie  esse  creditur," 
from  ' '  Terra  Essonis. ' ' 

—  A.  D.  1726. 

The  map  in  Shelvocke's  Voyages  professed  to  represent  current 
opinion  in  making  California  an  i.sland.  Similar  maps  about  this 
time  were  issued  by  Vander  Aa  of  Amsterdam.  ■ 


136  Kohl  Collection 

—  A.  D.  1727. 

Heriiiiui  Moll,  the  English  geographer,  gives  the  island  and  the 
straits  north  of  it,  with  no  coast  line  beyond. 

—  A.  D.  172.S. 

The  map  in  Herrera,  making  California  a  peninsula,  carries  the 
coast  u]>  to  Cape  ^Mendocino. 

290.  A.  L).  1740.     The  California  Coast. 

A  map  of  the  North  Pacific  was  found  by  Anson  in  1742,  on  board 
a  Spanish  ship  captured  by  him  on  the  China  coast.  It  was  engraved 
on  a  reduced  scale  in  Anson's  I'oyage  Round  the  World,  London, 
1748.  It  was  next  embodied  by  Jefferys  in  his  map  of  the  North 
Pacific,  and  of  this  the  present  map  is  a  copy.  Jefferys,  however, 
made  some  additions  to  the  original  Spanish  map.  He  says  of  this 
prototype,  that  it  is  scarcely  reconcilable  with  other  charts  and  jour- 
nals, as  to  the  names  and  situations  of  places.  The  English  cartog- 
rapher also  pricks  out  the  tracks  across  the  Pacific  of  Gaetan  (1542), 
Mendana  (1568),  Francisco  de  Gualle  (1583),  Cavendish,  Spilbergen 
(1616),  Fronolat  (1709),  and  of  the  track  each  way  of  the  "Nuestra 
Senora  de  Cabodonga"  (1743),  the  ship  captured  by  Anson.  Jefferys 
calls  the  northern  parts  of  the  coast  the  Chinese  "Fousang,"  while 
Kohl  believes  that  debatable  region  to  have  been  Japan. 

—  A.  D.  1 741. 

Oldmixon's  British  Empire  in  America.  sWW  gave  an  insular  Cali- 
fornia, with  a  dotted  coast  line  above,  broken  by  the  straits  of  Anian, — 
as  drafted  by  Moll. 

H.  H.  Bancroft's  Northwest  Coast,  i,  124,  gives  a  Russian  chart. 

291.  A.  D.  1743.     California. 

The  map  mentioned  under  no.  290,  as  engraved  in  Anson's  Voyages. 

—  A.  I).  1743. 

Bellin's  map  in  Charlevoix  makes  California  a  peninsula,  with  a 
break  in  the  coast  farther  north  marked  "Aguilar. "  He  supposes  an 
interior  network  of  waters  connecting  Hudson's  Bay  and  Lake  Supe- 
rior with  the  Pacific,  at  some  point  still  farther  north.  Cf.  the  map  in 
Bonnechose's  Montcalm  et  le  Canada  frangais,  Paris,  1882. 

—  A.  D.  1744. 

Map  in  Arthur  Dobb's  Accotint  of  Countries  Adjoining  Hudson's 
Bay.  The  Pacific  coast  above  Cape  Blanco  is  marked  as  unknown, 
but  a  passage  called  Rankin's  Inlet  is  supposed  to  connect  with  Hud- 
son's Bay.  There  is  a  sketch  in  H.  H.  Bancroft's  Northwest  Coast,  i, 
123. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  137 

292.   A.  D.  1746.     The  Gulf  of  California  by  Consag. 

The  Jesuit  father,  Fernando  Consag,  explored  the  eastern  coast  of 
the  California  peninsula,  and  making  the  circuit  of  the  north  end  of 
the  gulf,  reached  the  Colorado  river,  and  proved  for  the  first  time  by 
actual  observation  that  California  was  a  peninsula.  The  present  is 
Consag's  map  of  the  giilf,  made  after  his  explorations.  It  is  sketched 
in  H.  H.  Bancroft's  Nofth  Mcxicati  States,  i,  463,  and  his  Xort/iwcst 
Coast,  I,  125,  126. 

—  A.  D.  1746. 

A  map  published  by  the  successors  of  Homann  retains  the  penin- 
sular California  with  the  entrance  above,  marked  "Aguilar. " 

Another  German  map  published  by  Covens  and  Mortier,  hitroduc- 
tion  a  la  Geographic,  gives  an  insular  California,  with  a  "Detroit 
d'Anian,"  supposed  to  connect,  through  a  "Mer  glaciale,"  with 
Button's  Bay,  a  part  of  Hudson's  Bay. 

—  A.  D.  1747. 

The  maps  in  Bowen's  Geography  give  a  peninsular  California  with 
indications  of  a  strait  above  Cape  Mendocino,  but  the  parts  above  are 
marked  ' '  undiscovered. ' ' 

—  A.  D.  1748. 

Bellin  connected  Lake  Superior  with  the  Pacific  by  a  chain  of 
waters. 

—  A.  D.  1750. 

Robert  de  Vaugondy  in  his  Amerique  Septentrionale  makes  Cali- 
fornia a  peninsula,  and  marks  a  passage  above  as  discovered  Ijy 
Martin  d'Aguilar. 

—  A.  D.  1752-53- 

Delisle  and  Buache  were  making  maps  of  the  coast  above  the  penin- 
sula of  California,  cut  up  fantastically  with  passages  of  one  kind  and 
another,  connecting  the  Pacific  with  the  Great  Lakes  and  Hudson's 
Bay,  in  vain  attemptstoreconcile  with  positive  knowledge  the  accounts 
of  Maldonado,  De  I-'uca  and  De  Fonte.  Delisle's  map  is  reproduced 
in  H.  H.  Bancroft's  Northivcst  Coast,  i,  128. 

The  "  Mer  de  I'ouest,"  supposed  to  be  an  interior  sea,  reached  by 
passages  from  the  Pacific,  figures  largely  in  these  maps,  and  the  imag- 
inary draft  of  it  by  Buache  is  rei)roduced  in  J.  B.  Laborde's  JAv  dii 
Slid,  Paris,  1791,  and  in  the  su])plement  of  the  French  lincyflopcdic, 
1TJ1.  Cf.  Dodd's  North'ivcst  Passage  (1754).  Other  cartograjjliical 
solutions  of  this  problem  will  be  found  in  Samuel  Engel's  Miiiioircs 
siir  la  situation  des pays  septeittrionaux  (Lausanne,  1765);  in  his  A'.r- 
iraits  raisonncs  des  Voyages  fails  dans  les  parties  septetilrionales  de 
I'yisie  et  de  /\liiierique  (Lausanne,    1765,    1779);   and    in    \\'illiani 


138  KoJiI  Collection 

Doyle's  Accoinit  of  the  Jh'itisJi  Dotiiinioiis  beyond  tlie  Atlantic  (Lon- 
don, 1770). 

See /><«/.  nos.  334,  339. 

293.  A.  I).  1753.     The  Northwest  Coast,  by  T.  Jefferys. 

From  Cape  St.  Lucas  to  60°  n.  lat.  An  incomplete  sketch.  Shows 
New  Albion  and  the  discoveries  of  Drake.  A  supposed  large  island 
to  the  west  in  mid  ocean  is  marked  as  seen  or  suspected  to  exist  by 
Behring  in  172S,  and  Tschirikow  in  1741.  He  gives  a  river  supposed 
to  connect  the  Pacific  with  Lake  Winnipeg. 

294.  A.  D.  1758.     Alaska. 

Map  of  discoveries  made  by  Russian  vessels,  which  was  published 
by  the  Academy  at  St.  Petersburg  in  1759,  showing  the  voyage  of 
Behring  and  Tschirikow.  The  Aleutian  islands  are  shown  as  com- 
bined to  form  a  supposable  broad  peninsula.  The  ' '  Riviiere  de  los 
Reyes  de  1' Admiral  de  Fonte  "  (1640)  is  marked  "  pretenda;  "  and  the 
inlet  held  to  be  found  by  De  Fuca  in  1592  is  indicated,  but  not  con- 
tinued inland.  The  entrance  found  by  d'Aguilar  in  1603  is  made  by 
dotted  lines  to  connect  with  the  "  R.  de  I'Ouest. " 

—  A.   D.  1760. 

An  entrance  to  an  interior  passage  in  the  northwest  is  given  in 
L' Anierique  par  les  S^^.  Sanson,  rectifiee  par  le  S''.  Robert.  It  is 
given  in  Vander  Aa's  Galerie  agreable  du  Monde,  vol.  i. 

—  A.  D.  1761. 

H.  H.  Bancroft's  Northwest  Coast,  i,  130,  gives  a  Japanese  map. 

—  A.  D.  1762. 

Jefferys,  in  delineating  the  northwest  coast  puts  an  entrance  sup- 
posed to  have  been  found  in  1592  by  Juan  de  Fuca  to  the  south  of 
"  Fousang. " 

Janvier  in  the  Atlas  Moderne  indulges  in  all  the  freaks  that  Delisle 
and  Buache  had  made  in  dealing  with  the  alleged  voyages  of  De  Fonte 
and  the  others. 

—  A.  D.  1763. 

The  "  Mer  de  I'Ouest"  and  other  uncertainties  are  found  in  the 
Carte  d" Amerique  pour  Vusage  du  Roi  en  1722  par  Guil.  Delisle, 
ajigmentee  par  Phil.  Buache,  Paris,  1763. 

—  A.  D.  1767. 

Map  by  Alzate  {ante,  no.  270).  A  Jesuit  map  of  the  peninsula  of 
California  in  the  supplement  of  the  French  Encyclopedie ,  1777. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  139 

294.  A.  D.  1768. 

Jefferys'  map  of  the  De  Fonte  narrative,  given  also  in  the  supple- 
ment of  the  French  Encyclopedie  (1777).  and  in  H.  H.  Bancroft's 
Northwest  Coast,  i.  131. 

—  A.  D.  1772. 

Vaugondy's  Carte  de  ta  Catifornie,  reproduced  in  the  supplement  of 
the  French  Encydopedie  (1777). 

—  A.  D.  1774-1790. 

Copies  of  maps  in  the  Hydrographic  Office,  Madrid,  now  in  the 
Department  of  State,  Washington,  marked  Viages  de  los  Espanoles  a 
ta  casta  nori'este  de  la  America  en  tos  anos  de  1774-1775-1779,  17SS y 
1790. 

295.  A.  D.  1775.     Upper  California  by  Maurelli. 

The  chart  of  Antonio  Morelli,  who  accompanied  an  expedition  sent 
out  in  1775  by  the  Viceroy  of  Mexico.  Bodega,  who  commanded  one 
of  the  vessels,  discovered  a  harbor  just  north  of  San  Francisco,  and 
named  it  after  himself.  Kohl  copies  in  this  a  transcript  of  a  chart 
preserved  in  the  Spanish  Archives,  which  transcript,  attested  by  Na- 
varrete,  is  in  the  Department  of  State  at  Washington.  It  purports  to 
be  drawn  from  observations  made  by  Bodega,  commander  of  the  "  vSo- 
nora,"  and  by  Maurelli.  There  are  no  indications  of  De  Fuca's  straits 
on  it. 

—  A.  D.  1775. 

A  map  by  Jefferys  delineates  the  coast  from  New  Albion  to  Mount 
St.  Elias,  indicating  several  openings,  but  not  carrying  them  inland. 

—  A.  D.  1776. 

A  map  by  Jefferys  gives  a  protuberant  coast  line  at  the  northwest, 
named  "America,"  the  northern  part  of  which  he  marks  "according 
to  the  Japanese,"  while  south  of  that  he  designates  it  as  land  ".seen 
by  Spangenberg,  1728."  "Ala.shka  "  is  made  an  island  lying  west  of 
it,  with  Behring's  straits  separating  it  from  Asia. 

See  post,  no.  336. 

296.  A.   I).   1777.      San  Francisco   and  Monterey  by   Junipero 

Serra. 

After  a  map  in  the  British  Mu.seum  inscribed:  "  Piano  mappa  del 
viage  hecho  de.sde  Monterey  al  gran  puerto  de  S.  Francisco  ...  P. 
F.  Petrus  I'ont  fecit,  anno  1777."  Supjjosed,  in  the  pricked  track 
upon  the  drawing,  to  represent  the  journey  of  Don  Jo.s(!'  Moraza,  about 
the  bay  of  San  I-'rancisco,  and  to  record  his  surveys.  Kohl  su])])()ses 
the  imjierfect  delineation  of  the  IMonterey  waters  to  follow  earlier 
surveys. 


140  KoJil  Collection 

—  A.  D.  1778. 

The  map  in  Carver's  Travels  through  the  Interior  Parts  of  North 
America  in  ij66-i'/6S,  London,  1778.  It  shows  the  New  Albion 
coast,  with  vague  indications  of  the  straits  of  Anian  and  the  Western 
sea.     It  is  sketched  in  H.  H.  Bancroft's  Xorth~ii<est  Coast,  i,  133. 

Captain  James  Cook's  map  of  his  explorations  on  the  northwest 
coast,  published  in  his  l^oyage  to  the  Pacific  Ocean,  ijj6-i'jSo. 

297.  A.  D.  1782.     Upper  California  by  Mascaro. 

The  coast  is  shown  from  Cape  Mendocino  to  San  Diego.  From  a 
MS.  Spanish  map  in  the  British  Museum.  The  tracks  of  the  expedi- 
tion by  land  of  Juan  Baptista  de  Ansa  and  others  are  noted  by  pricked 
lines. 

298,  299.  A.  D.  1782.     New  Mexico  by  Mascaro. 

A  tracing  from  the  original  in  the  British  Museum,  and  an  imper- 
fect draft  of  the  same,  without  annotations,  by  Kohl. 

300.  A.  D.  1782.     Port  of  San  Diego. 

Published  in  1802,  in  the  accounts  of  the  voyage  of  the  "Sutil  y 
Mexicana." 

—  A.  D.  1782. 

Janvier's  map  preserves  the  great  Sea  of  the  West,  with  two 
entrances, — one  passed  by  Aguilar,  the  other  by  De  Fuca.  It  is 
sketched  in  H.  H.  Bancroft's  Northwest  Coast,  i,  135. 

—  A.  D.  1786. 

The  maps  of  La  Perouse  in  his  Voyage  antonr  die  Monde.  H.  H. 
Bancroft,  Northwest  Coast,  i,  176,  sketches  one  of  them. 

301.  A.  D.  1787.     Old  and  New  California  by  Diego  Francisco. 

Shows  the  Gulf  of  California  and  the  Pacific  coast  north  to  San  Fran- 
cisco. Made  to  show  the  travels  of  Junipero  Serra,  the  president  of 
the  missions  of  California.  The  bounds  between  New  and  Old  Cali- 
fornia are  laid  down  as  an  east  and  west  line  from  the  coast,  just 
south  of  San  Diego,  to  the  head  of  the  gulf  of  California.  A  road  is 
indicated  as  connecting  all  the  missions. 

—  A.  D.  1787. 

The  map  in  George  Dixon's  I'oyages  Round  the  World,  1785-1788, 
part  of  which  is  given  in  H.  H.  Bancroft's  Northwest  Coast,  i,  180. 

302.  A.  D.  1791.     Port  of  Monterey. 

From  the  atlas  of  the  "Sutil  y  Mexicana"  voyage. 


Maps  Relating  to  Anie^'ica  141 

303.  A.  D.  1791.     The  Straits  of  Juan  de  Fuca. 

Part  of  a  MS.  chart  of  Vancouver's  Island  and  surrounding  waters, 
obtained  from  Mexico,  and  preserved  at  Washington.  It  shows  the 
Spanish  sur%'eys  of  Francisco  Elisa,  or  his  deputy,  Alferez  Quimper. 
It  is  given  in  the  Reply  of  the  United  States  (1872)  on  the  San  Juan 
boundary;  and  H.  H.  Bancroft's  Nortlixvest  Coast,  i,  242,  gives  part  of 
it.     Cf.  other  maps  of  Elisa,  Ibid.,  i,  pp.  245,  247. 

304.  A.  D.  1791.     Friendly  Cove,  Vancouver's  Island. 

From  the  map  published  in  the  account  of  the  voyage  of  the  ' '  Sutil 
y  Mexicana. "     See  post,  no.  310. 

305.  A.    D.    1791.      Q,ueen    Charlotte's   Island   by   Captain   In- 

graham. 

From  the  MS.  report  of  Captain  Ingraham,  preserved  in  the  Depart- 
ment of  State,  Washington, — the  same  named  by  Captain  Gray  in  1790, 
"Washington  Island." 

—  A.  D.  1791. 

Map  in  Marchand's  I'ovage  autour  du  Monde,  part  of  which  is  given 
in  H.  H.  Bancroft's  Northwest  Coast,  i,  256. 

—  A.  D.  1791. 

Georg  Forster's  Nordwestkuste  I'on  America,  showing  the  "  Grosser 
Nordlische  Archipelagus  Lazari,"  with  "Juan  de  Fuca's  Einfahrt." 

306.  A.  D.  1792.     Q,uadra  and  Vancouver's  Island  by  Ingraham. 

From  the  same  report  as  no.  305.  Cf.  H.  H.  Bancroft's  Xnrthii'est 
Coast,  I,  27S. 

307.  -V.  D.  1792.     California  Coast. 

Shows  the  coast  from  17°  to  48°  n.  1.,  following  part  of  a  Spanish 
chart  in  the  archives  at  Washington,  which  came  from  Mexico.  See 
no.  ;jo9,  post. 

308.  .\.  I).  1792.     California  Coast. 

The  map  in  the  At/as  para  el  Viage  de  las  Golelas  Sutil  y  Mexicana 
en  1792,  published  in  i8u2,  under  the  editing  of  Xavarrete,— the  ships 
being  commanded  by  Valdes  and  Galiano.  The  map  maker  profited 
by  the  surveys  of  \'ancouver,  who  had  published  his  results  meanwhile. 

309.  A.  I).  1792.     Northwest  Coast. 

.\  contiiuiation  northward  of  the  chart  im.  307. 

310.  .\.  I).  1792.     Friendly  Cove  by  Captain  Ingraham. 
From  Ingrahain's  nporl,  already  cited. 


142  Kohl  Collection 

311.  A.  D.  1792.    Vancouver's  Island  and  the  Oregon  Coast. 

From  the  Atlas  of  the  "  Sutil  y  Mexicana"  expedition. 

—  A.  D.  1792-93- 

H.  H.  Bancroft  in  his  Nortluvest  Coast,  vol.  i,  gives  the  following 
maps: 

1792.  Haswell's  map  of  Nootka  (p.  262). 

1792.  Caaniaiio's  map  (p.  269). 

1792.  Galiano's  map  (p.  272). 

1792.  Vancouver's  maps  (pp.  276,  280). 

1793.  Vancouver's  map  (p.  292). 

—  A.  I).  1793. 

The  map  in  William  Goldson's  Observations  on  the  Passage  between 
the  Atlantic  atid  Pacific  Oceans,  in  tivo  Memoirs  on  the  Straits  of 
Anian  and  Discoveries  of  De  Fonte. 

—  A.  D.  1S12-13. 

Carta generat  (Pacific  Ocean)  por  fose  de  Espinosa.  Londres  ano 
1S12;  Corregida  en  i8ij. 

312.  A.  D.  1854. 

An  engraved  Karte  des  Russischen  Amerika  gezeichnet  von  H.  f. 
Holniberg,  1854,  which  appeared  in  the  Ethnographische  Sfcizzen  fiber 
die  Votker  des  Pussischen  America  von  H.  f.  Holmberg,  Helsingfors, 
1855. 

X. 

THE  NORTHERN   PACIFIC  OCEAN  AND  ITS  COASTS. 

***  See  Section  IX. 

313.  A.  D.  1457.     China  and  Japan. 

From  a  Chinese  treatise,  Yifc-tung-che ,  in  the  British  Museum. 
Shows  eastern  coast  of  China  and  the  islands  of  Japan  and  L,ew-Chew. 
Korea  is  in  the  north. 

314.  A.  D.  1490.     Eastern  India,  from  the  Ptolemy  of  1490. 

The  furthest  point  to  the  west  is  the  gulf  of  Ganges.  The  Pacific 
coast  is  cut  off  by  the  right-hand  edge  of  the  map,  and  this  is,  in 
Kohl's  opinion,  the  shore  Columbus  believed  that  he  was  skirting  in 
sailing  along  the  gulf-side  of  Central  America.  The  name  Cattigara, 
here  on  the  land  at  the  right-hand  edge  of  the  map,  Kohl  says  he 
finds  in  early  maps  on  the  west  coast  of  South  America.  See  Winsor's 
Bibliog.  of  Ptolemy. 


Maps  Relatiiig  to  Ai)ierica  143 

315.  A.  D.  1513.     Pacific  Ocean. 

A  Portuguese  map.  The  west  coast  of  America  is  unindented,  and 
runs  nearly  northwest  from  4°  south  latitude.  The  Moluccas  and  the 
southeast  peninsula  of  Asia  are  shown.  Follows  a  chart  preserved  in 
the  Military  IMuseum  at  Munich.  Kohl  supposes  it  to  embody  the 
explorations  of  Antonio  da  ^Miranda  de  Azevedo  in  15 13,  who  joined 
at  the  Moluccas  an  earlier  expedition  (1511-12)  In- Francisco  Serrao 
to  those  islands.  This  map  is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  11,  p.  440.     See  Section  IX.,  under  A.  D.  1513. 

316.  A.  I).  I5i8(?).     Pacific  Ocean. 

On  the  extreme  west  are  the  "  Ilhas  de  Maluqua,"  on  the  extreme 
east  the  coast  discovered  by  Balboa  in  15 13,  and  beyond  the  coast  of 
Yucatan,  Honduras,  Cuba,  Florida,  etc.  In  mid-ocean  there  is  noth- 
ing. The  original  is  a  Portuguese  chart  in  the  ^Military  Museum  at 
Munich.  Kohl  supposes  it  to  have  been  made  about  the  time 
Magellan's  fleet  was  fitting  out,  and  that  it  probably  represents  that 
explorer's  views  of  the  ocean  which  he  was  going  to  seek.  The  Gulf 
of  Mexico  is  left  open  towards  the  Pacific.  The  Pacific  is  made  about 
100°  broad.     Sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  217. 

317.  A.  D.  1536.     The  Moluccas  by  Baptista  Agnese. 

From  the  atlas  of  Agnese  in  the  British  Museum.  Kohl  suspects 
that  Agnese  used  the  maps  brought  back  by  Del  Cano  from  Magel- 
lan's expedition,  because  there  are  traces  of  Spanish  in  the  names, 
and  none  of  Portuguese.  The  names  in  Pigafetta's  narrative  of 
Magellan's  voyage  are  found  here;  and  the  islands  are  placed  in  re- 
lation to  each  other  as  to  direction  and  distance  as  in  that  report. 
The  Moluccas  seem  to  be  curiously  duplicated,  the  one  draft  of  tljem 
being  15°  east  of  the  other. 

318.  A.  1).  1536.     Eastern  Asia  by  Agnese. 

From  the  same  Atlas  as  no.  317.  It  shows  the  tw'o  great  southern 
peninsulas  of  Asia  and  the  coast  of  China. 

319.  A.  D.  1542.     Eastern  Asia  by  BrOtz. 

"The  Indies  c^f  Orient,"  from  Rotz's  Bokc  of  Idrography  in  the 
British  Museum.  It  shows  the  two  great  .\siatic  j^eninsulas,  the 
islands  of  Java,  etc.,  and  what  seem  to  be  the  northern  parts  of  Aus- 
tralia; and  this,  in  Kohl's  opinion,  is  the  earliest  instance  of  the  recog- 
nition of  that  region  on  a  map.     ( Ante,  no.  55. ) 

320.  A.  I).  1543.     Asia. 

Shows  the  whole  of  Asia.  From  the  Polyhistoria  of  vSolinus.  Tlie 
southea.stern  part  becomes  a  continental  peiiinsula,  as  in  the  ancient 
maps.  The  editor  of  Solinus,  Tsingrinus,  did  not  recognize  the  fact, 
as  Kohl  thinks,  that  the  Portuguese  ha<l  already  on  their  iiiai)s  broken 


144  Kohl  Collection 

up  this  extension  into  the  East  Indian  Archipelago.  In  the  northeast 
corner  of  the  map  is  a  coast,  "Terra  incognita,"  which  seems  to  be  a 
recognition  of  the  west  coast  of  America. 

321.  A.  D.  1550.     Japan  and  the  China  Coast  by  Freire. 

From  a  portolano  by  Juan  Freire,  inspected  by  Kohl  while  in  the 
hands  of  Santarem.  In  his  notes,  Kohl  says  that  some  of  the  maps 
in  it  are  dated  1546,  though  this  one  is  undated;  but  he  believes  it  to 
have  been  made  about  1550.  It  was  in  1543  or  1545  that  the  Portu- 
guese under  Ferdinand  Mendez  Pinto  reached  Japan;  but  their  com- 
mercial intercourse  began  in  1549,  when  their  missionary  Xavier 
reached  the  island.  This  was  a  type  of  the  contour  of  the  Japanese 
coast  common  in  European  maps  before  the  Dutch  reformed  the  shape 
of  it  about  100  years  later. 

322.  A.  D.  1558.     China  and  the  Moluccas  by  Diego  Homem. 

From  Homem's  MS.  atlas  in  the  British  Museum.  As  a  Portuguese, 
Homem's  knowledge  of  the  China  coast  was  superior  to  that  of  any 
other  existing  record,  and  better  than  that  employed  by  Ortelius  and 
Mercator  much  later. 

323.  A.  D.  1568.     The  East  India  Islands  by  Martines. 

The  chief  name  on  the  map  is  "  Isoli  Maluchi."  He  gives  the  upper 
coast  of  an  Antarctic  continent  marked  "discoperta  novamente." 
•The  map  is  less  accurate  than  Homem's.     (See  ante,  no.  322.) 

324.  A.  D.  1570.     Straits  of  Anian  and  Neighboring  Lands  by 

Ortelius. 

From  the  Theatrum  orbis  terrarufn,  Antwerp,  1570.  Kohl  says 
that  for  all  north  of  40°  (Japan)  Ortelius  had  no  authority  but  Pliny, 
Ptolemy,  Marco  Polo,  and  the  geographical  traditions  of  his  time. 
An  "  Oceanus  Scythicus  "  is  given  above  58°  N.  lat. ,  bounded 
westerly  by  a  northern  peninsula  of  Asia.  America  lies  wholly  south 
of  the  same  jocean.  The  peninsula  of  California  is  drawn,  but  repre- 
sented very  broad;  the  gulf  is  called  "  Mar  Vermeio."  Japan  is  long- 
est east  and  west,  and  lies  midway  between  Asia  and  America.  The 
sea  contracts  above  Japan,  in  48°  N.  lat.,  forming  the  straits  of 
Anian  ("  Stretto  di  Anian  ").  He  gets  "  Quinci,"  "Mangi,"  "Mare 
Cin,"  from  Marco  Polo.  The  map  is  called  "Tartarise  sive  Magni 
Chami  regni  typus." 

The  straits  of  Anian  seem  to  be  earliest  indicated  on  the  Martines 
map  {ante,  in  Section  IX.,  under  A.  D.  1558).  Various  later  maps  in 
that  section  show  the  changing  notions  respecting  the  .straits  of  Anian. 

325.  A.  I).  1574.     Anian  and  Q,uivira  by  Forlani. 

A  small,. incomplete  .sketch  of  Forlani's  map  (without  comment  by 
Kohl),    showing   the  straits  of  .Vnian  separating  "Anian   Regnum" 


Maps  Relating  to  America  145 

from  "  Quivir,"  with  "Isle  di  Giapan,"  stretching  east  and  west 
between  the  Asiatic  and  American  coasts.  It  is  sketched  in  the  Nar. 
and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  p.  454. 

325.  A.  D.  1583-1600. 

The  Japanese  map  in  the  Sloane  collection,  British  Museum. 

326.  A.  D.  1592.     Northeastern   Asia    and    Japan    from  Moli- 

neaux's  Globe. 

Extracts  from  the  globe  in  the  Middle  Temple,  I^ondon.  The  con- 
tour of  Japan  follows  Portuguese  sources. 

—  A.  D.  1597. 

No.  28  of  the  Arnheim  edition  of  Ptolemy,  showing  the  straits  of 
Anian.  (See  ante,  section  IX.,  under  A.  D.  1597);  no.  32,  showing 
the  North  Pacific.     (See  Ibid. ) 

327.  A.  D.  1609.     China  and  Japan. 

From  a  MS.  sketch  on  vellum  in  the  British  Museum,  purporting  to 
have  been  sent  from  Madrid  in  1609. 

328.  A.  D.  :636.     Japan. 

Called  "  Perfecte  Karte  van  de  gelegentheijdt  des  Landts  van 
lapan."  It  is  taken  from  a  book  published  in  1636  (three  years  before 
the  Portuguese  were  expelled  from  Japan  by  the  Dutch),  entitled 
Rechte  Beschryidnge  van  het  inactigk  Koninghrijk  van  Japan  (Lucas 
andCaron).  The  island  is  represented  as  connected  by  a  neck  with 
the  continental  "  Landt  van  Jesso." 

The  explorations  of  the  Dutch  gave  rise  to  the  belief  in  a  large 
island  lying  in  the  north  Pacific,  between  America  and  Asia,  called 
the  island  of  "  Jesso,"  with  the  supposed  straits  of  Anian  on  the  east, 
and  the  ' '  Detroit  de  Vries  ' '  on  the  west.  It  clung  for  some  time  to  the 
maps.  Cf.  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11,  pp.  463,464,  where  is 
a  facsimile  of  the  map  of  Hennepin,  as  repeated  by  Campanius. 
There  are  other  indications  of  it  in  maps  noted  in  section  IX,  after 
this  date.     (See post,  no.  330.) 

329.  A.  D.  1700.     Northeastern  Asia  by  Ysbrand  Ydres. 

Made  from  explorations  of  this  agent  of  the  Russian  government, 
and  published  as  "Nova  Tabula  Imperii  Russici."  "Kamzatza"  is  a 
small  river  of  the  region,  which  ought  to  show  tlie  peninsula  of 
Kamtschatka,  but  instead  shows  a  rectangular  cape,  with  the  Pacific 
shore  running  north  and  south,  and  the  Arctic  shore  east  and  west. 

330.  A.  D.  1706.     Terra  de  Yesso  by  Lugtenberg-. 

A  curious  configuration  of   North  America  is  bounded  on  the  north 
by  Hudson's  bay,  connecting  by  the  straits  of  Anian  with  the  Pacific. 
North  of  these  straits,  and  west  of  Hudson's  bay  and  Baffin's  bay,  is 
1 1606 — (>4 10 


146  Kohl  Collection 

an  elongated  (east  and  west)  "Terra  de  Yesso,"  separated  at  the  west 
end  by  the  "Straet  de  Vries"  from  Yedso,  a  part  of  Asia,  of  which 
Japan  is  a  southern  peninsula.  He  supposes  "Yesso"  to  be  the 
country  of  the  Lost  Tribes,  and  the  route  by  which  America  was 
peopled  from  Asia.  A  chain  of  smaller  lakes  connects  the  Great  Lakes 
of  Canada  with  the  Pacific.      (See  ante,  no.  328.) 

331.  A.  D.  i72-(?)     Kamtschatca  by  Hom.aiin. 

Published  by  J.  B.  Homann  in  Nuremberg.  Evidentl}-  made  before 
Behring's  expedition  in  1728.  It  purports  to  be  based  on  the  reports 
of  Russian  caracks  and  sable  hunters.  The  peninsula  is  extended  too 
far  south,  and  Homann  seems  to  confound  it  with  Jesso.  The  northern 
end  of  Niphon  or  Japan  is  shown.  The  mouth  of  the  Amur  (Amoor) 
is  showm. 

332.  A.  D.  1721.     Northern  and  Eastern  Asia  by  Lange. 
Without  annotation. 

333.  A.  D.  1728.     North  Eastern  Asia  by  Behring. 
Without  annotation. 

334.  A.  D.  1750.     Northern  Pacific  by  Delisle  and  Buache. 

"Carte  des  nouvelles  d^couvertes  au  nord  de  la  mer  du  Sud, 
dressee  sur  les  memoires  de  M.  de  L'lsle  par  Philippe  Buache,  et 
present^  a  I'acad^mie  des  Sciences  par  M.  De  L'lsle,  1750."  Delisle 
worked  up  his  memoir  in  St.  Petersburg,  with  the  aid  of  Russian 
reports  and  surveys.  The  tracks  of  Behring,  Spanberg,  and  others 
are  laid  down.  Buache  has  tried  on  the  American  side  to  reconcile 
the  reports  of  De  Fonte  with  the  later  Russian  discoveries,  and  gives 
a  large  inland  "Mer  de  I'Ouest,"  the  archipelago  of  St.  Lazare  and 
connecting  inland  waters,  and  the  "lac  de  Velasco."  He  also  puts 
down  the  supposed  land  seen  by  De  Gama  in  mid-ocean,  as  also  seen 
by  Tschirikow  and  Delisle  in  1741. 

See  section  IX,  under  A.  D.  1752-53. 

335.  A.  D.  1761.    Shores  of  the  Northern  Ocean. 

The  map  in  Coxe's  Russian  Discoveries,  London,  1803,  showing 
the  exploration  of  the  Russian  Shalaurof  in  1761.  Cf.  map  of  the 
Northern  Pacific  with  Russian  discoveries,  in  Londott  Magazine,  1764. 

336.  A.  D.  1768.     Russian  America. 

The  results  of  the  official  Russian  expedition  under  Lt.  Sind  in 
1764-68,  as  shown  in  a  map  made  by  a  Russian  geographer.  Von 
Staehlin.  "Alaschka  "  is  made  a  large  island,  lying  off  the  coast  of 
North  America,  this  point  of  northwestern  America  being  severed  on 
the  map  from  the  main.  Burney  thinks  that  in  constructing  this 
map  the  chart  of  a  Russian,  Ivan  Levow,  was  used. 

See  ante,  section  IX,  under  A.  D.  1776. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  147 

337.  A.  D.  1769.     Kamtchatka  and  tlie  Fox  (Aleutian)  Islands 

by  Krenitzin  and  Levasheff. 

From  Coxe's  Russian  Discoveries,  London,  1803.  The  northern- 
most of  these  islands  is  called  "Alaxa  Island,"  but  it  has  a  dotted  line 
for  its  northern  coast,  and  is  really  the  point  of  Alaska. 

338.  A.  D.  1775.     Russian  America  by  Jeflferys. 

Founded  on  no.  336,  aJite;  but  Jeflferys  continues  the  northern  coast 
of  America  according  to  the  Japan  map  given  by  Kempfer  to  Hans 
Sloane. 

See  ante,  under  A.  D.  1583-1600. 

339.  A.  D.  1775.     Northern  Pacific  by  Engel,  Vaugondy,  and 

Buache. 

"Carte  de  comparaison  des  plans  syst^matiques  de  Mr.  M.  Engel  et 
de  Vaugondy  sur  le  Nord-Est  de  1' Asie  et  le  Nord-Ouest  de  1' Amerique 
avec  des  cartes  motlernes.  Par.  J.  N.  Buache,  1775."  Engel's  out- 
lines are  given  in  red,  Vaugondy's  in  black,  Buache's  in  blue.  The 
longitude  varies  vi'ith  them  as  much  as  40°  in  some  places. 

See  ante,  section  IX,  under  A.  D.  1752-53. 

XI. 

THE    NORTH    ATLANTIC    OCEAN     AND     NEIGHBORING 

WATERS. 

***  See  sections  I..  IV.,  V.,  and  VI. 

340.  A.  D.  1450.     The  Northern  Coast  of  Europe. 

From  a  mappenionde  found  in  the  "Museum  Borgianum,"  and 
supposed  to  be  made  by  a  German.  The  island  "Anglia"  and 
"  Scotia"  is  shown. 

341.  A.  D.  1534.     Scandinavia  by  Bordone. 

I'rom  the  Isolario  de  Benedetto  Bordone,  Venice,  1534,  the  earlier 
edition  having  appeared  in  1528.  It  shows  the  Baltic,  the  Scandina- 
vian penin.sula  with  "  Engronelant "  (Greenland)  lying  north  of  it, 
and  connected  by  ap  isthmus  with  northwestern  Europe.  {Ante, 
nos.  48,  103.) 

342.  A.  D.  1540.     Northwestern    Europe,    from    the    Ptolemy 

published  at  Basle. 
The  north  Atlantic  is  confined  on  the  east  by  Norvs-ay,  on  the  north 
by  a  neck  called  "Gronland,  i.  e.  Virens  terra,"  and  on  the  west  by 
"  Terra  nova  sive  de  Baccalaos  (Bacalhos),"  who.se  coast  is  interrupted 
at  the  northwest  by  a  .square  or  vignette.  "Island,  Thyle"  is  a  large 
island  in  the  midst  of  this  ocean.  In  the  extreme  north,  beyond  the 
land,  is  the  "  Oceanus  Hyperboreus. "  An  inscription  south  of  the 
"  Gronland  "  i.sthmus  reads:  "  Capiunter  hie  Stockfish."  {/lute,  wo. 
52,  A.  D.  1540.) 


148  KoJil  Collection 

343.  A.  D.  1548.     Northwestern  Europe. 

From  the  map  known  as  the  Dauphin,  or  Henri  II,  wliich  Kohl  used 
while  in  Jomard's  possession.  It  shows  the  Baltic,  and  a  large,  vaguely 
defined  country  to  the  north  marked  "Groolande"  (Greenland),  and 
on  its  northern  coast  "Vinllapie"  (Finlapland).     Q,i.ante,  no.  156. 

344.  A.  D.  1546.     Scandinavia. 

Shows  the  Baltic,  "Suecia,"  and  "Islamba"  (Iceland).  From  a 
MS.  atlas  by  Juan  Freire,  in  the  possession,  when  Kohl  took  it,  of 
Santarem.  One  branch  of  the  Baltic  is  made  to  connect  with  the 
northern  ocean.  Kohl  suggests  from  the  fact  that  the  names  in  the 
north  are  Portuguese,  or  at  least  not  Scandinavian,  that  the  Freire  did 
not  use  northern  drafts.     {Ante,  no.  152.) 

345.  A.  D.  1567.     Scandinavia  by  Olaus  Magnus. 

From  an  engraved  map  in  the  history  of  Scandinavia  by  Olaus  Mag- 
nus, wliich  represents  geographical  knowledge,  as  Kohl  thinks,  of  a 
much  earlier  date.  A  peninsula  in  the  northwest  part  of  the  map,  ex- 
tending to  82°  n.  lat. ,  is  marked  "  Gruntlondia,"  and  a  legend  says: 
"Hie  habitant  pigmei  vulgo  Screlinger  dicti,"  recognizing  the  Scan- 
dinavian name  of  the  Eskimo.     {Ante,  no.  106,  A.  D.  1567.) 

346.  A.  D.  1570.     North.  Atlantic  by  Stephanius. 

From  Torfgeus's  Grontandia  Antiqica,  and  marked  "Sigurdus  Ste- 
phanius delineavit.  Anno  1570."  The  draft  was  seemingly  based  on 
records  or  traditions  of  early  Scandinavian  voyages  to  the  west  from 
Iceland,  which  here  is  placed  as  "Island"  in  the  centre  of  the  map. 
On  the  west  the  coast  of  Norwaj' is  called  "Biarmaland."  North  of 
this,  a  narrow  strait  is  shown  as  connecting  with  water  known  to  the 
Russians,  or  running  towards  their  country.  On  the  north  is  "  Jotun- 
heimar"  and  " Riseland "  (land  of  giants);  on  the  west  a  long  cape, 
"  Heriolfsness,"  seems  to  be  Greenland's  southern  point;  at  the  south- 
west a  cape  stretches  northward  which  is  marked  ' '  Promontorium 
Vinlandia2,"  which  Kohl  thinks  may  have  been  Newfoundland.  Be- 
tween this  and  Greenland  lie  (going south)  "  Helleland  "  (stony  land), 
"Markland"  (woody  land),  and  " Skraelingeland "  (land  of  dwarfs). 

Kohl  gives  a  sketch  of  this  map  in  his  Discovery  of  Maine.  (See 
ante,  no.  106,  A.  D.  1570.) 

347.  A.  D.  1570.     The  North  Atlantic. 

Torfgeus,  who  gives  this  map,  says  of  it:  "Jonas  Gudmundi  filius 
delineavit,  vir  curiosus  Islandus."  Kohl  thinks  it  follows  Scandi- 
navian traditions.  The  north  Atlantic  is  shown  as  landlocked,  except 
there  is  a  narrow  strait  connecting  with  the  Arctic  sea,  north  of  the 
Scandinavian  peninsula,  and  a  contracted  continuation  of  the  ocean 
at  the  south,  between  "Gallia"  and  a  land,  the  northern  part  of  which 
is  seen,  and  called  ".America,"  "Terra  Florida,"  "Albania,"  etc. 
Above  this  is  another  channel,  running  west  from  the  enclosed  ocean. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  149 

The  west  and  north  of  this  ocean  is  bounded  by  a  land  marked  ( going 
north)  "Wester  By  gd,"  "OsterBygd,"  "Kroksfiorderheide,"  "Risa- 
land,"  and  "Helleland." 
See  no.  2,5^,  post. 

348.  A.  D.  1595.     Nassau  Strait  by  Barentz. 

From  De  Bry,  third  part  of  the  Oriental  series,  or  Minor  Voyages, 
published  at  Frankfort,  1601.  Kohl  assigns  the  surveys  on  which  this 
map  is  constructed  to  the  second  voyage  of  Barentz  in  1595.  The  map 
was  re-engraved  in  the  Begin  ende  Voortgange  van  de  Oost-Indische 
Coinpagnie,  1646,  vol.  i,  p.  6.  The  strait  is  that  south  of  NovaZembla, 
separating  it  from  the  main. 

349.  A.  U.  1595.     Northern  Europe  by  Linschoten. 

This  is  from  the  engraved  map  in  Part  10  of  the  same  series  of  De 
Bry  (1613).  lyinschoten  accompanied  Barentz  in  his  expedition  of 
1594.  It  follows  the  coast  from  the  eastern  shore  of  Norway  to  beyond 
Nova  Zembla. 

350.  A.  D.  1597.     Nova  Zembla  by  De  Veer. 

From  the  map  in  the  third  part  of  the  same  series  of  De  Bry  ( 1601 ) . 
Gerhard  de  Veer  was  with  Barentz  on  his  three  northern  voyages.  A 
facsimile  of  this  map,  Caerte  van  Nova  Zembla  .  .  .  door  Gerrit  de 
Veer,  is  given  in  the  Three  Voyages  of  Willeni  Barentz,  published  by 
the  Hakluyt  Society  in  1876,  as  well  as  in  that  society's  Three  Voyages 
by  the  North  East,  published  in  1853. 

351.  A.  D.  1606.     North  Atlantic. 

F'rom  Torfseus's  Gi'onlandia  Antiqjia,  1606,  where  it  is  called: 
"Delineatio  Gronlandise  Gudbrandi  Torlacii,  Episcopi  Holensis."  It 
resembles  somewhat  no.  347,  ante;  but  the  land  called  "America"  in 
that  is  here  named  ' '  Estotilandia. "  "  Gronlandia ' '  is  better  drawn,  of 
which  the  east  sliore  is  marked:  "  Latus  orientale  Groenl.  iiihalnta- 
tum."     It  is  sketched  in  Kohl's  Discovery  0/  Jfaitw,  p.  109. 

352.  A.  D.  1613.     Northern  Russia  and  Nova  Zembla  by  De  Bry. 

From  Part  10  of  the  same  series  of  De  Bry,  pul)lishe(l  in  1613.  It 
purports  to  be  taken  from  a  Russian  map,  ami  the  language  of  that  to 
be  translated  into  Latin. 

The  map  by  Isaac  Massa  is  reproduced  in  the  Hakluyt  vSociety 
volumes, —  71ic  three  Voyages  0/  Willeni  Barentz  (1876)  an(>  'Three 
Voyages  by  the  North  East  ( 1853). 

353.  .\.    D.    1773.      Northwestern    Europe,     Spitzberg-en    and 

Greenland  by  Phipps. 

It  shows  the  ocean  north  of  50°,  and  we.st  of  the  meridian  running 
through  Iceland;  a  part  of  Greenland  is  projected  above  71°.  I'Vom 
the  map  given  by  Constantine  John  Phijjps  in  his  J'oyage  towards  the 
North  /'()h\  London,  1774. 


150  Kohl  Collection 

354.  A.  D.  181S.     North  Atlantic  by  Buchan. 

It  shows  Iceland,  Norwa}-,  Spitzbergen,  and  the  east  coast  of  Green- 
land. It  is  taken  from  the  chart  in  F.  W.  Beechey's  Voyage  of  Dis- 
covery towards  the  North  Pole,  performed  in  his  Majesty's  Ships  Doro- 
thea and  Trent,  under  the  command  of  Capt.  D.  Buchan,  London, 
1843- 

***Cf.  the  enumeration  of  Arctic  maps  in  the   British  Museum   Catal.  of 
Engraved  Maps,  1S85,  column  175. 

XII. 
SOUTH  AMERICA. 

***  See  section  II.,  a?ite^  and  XIII.  to  XVI.,  post. 
-A.  D.  1515. 

Schoner's  early  globe,  of  which  there  are  drawings  of  the  South 
American  parts  in  Ruge's  Zeitalters  der  Entdeckungen  (p.  461),  and 
in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  viii.  Cf.  a7ite,  nos.  34 
and  35,  and  the  Nordenskiold  gores  of  the  early  part  of  the  sixteenth 
century- ,  figured  in  that  author's  Globkaiia  fran  Borjan  af  sexton  de 
selket,  and  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  viii. 

355.  A.  D.  i54o(?).     South.  America.      {Fretich.) 

Part  of  a  MS.  mappemonde  in  the  British  Museum,  supposed  to  have 
been  made  by  order  of  Francis  I.  for  the  Dauphin.  Cf.  Malte  Brun, 
Hist,  de  la  Geographic  (Paris,  1831),  vol.  i,  p.  630.  The  general 
name  of  the  continent  seems  to  be  La  Terre  du  Bresil,  which  con- 
vinces Kohl  that  the  map-maker  used  Portuguese  sources,  which  is 
also  apparent  from  the  Portuguese  flavor  of  the  French  names  on  the 
map,  where  French  is  used.  There  are,  however,  Spanish  legends  in 
some  parts,  as  on  the  east  coast  of  Patagonia.  There  are  no  names  on 
the  coast  of  Chili,  which  leads  Kohl  to  think  that  the  map  could  not 
have  been  made  long  after  1535,  when  that  coast  became  well  known. 
The  Amazon  is  not  represented  except  in  its  mouth;  and  as  Orellana 
did  not  explore  it  till  1543,  intelligence  of  his  voyage  had  not  reached, 
it  would  seem,  the  draughtsman.  The  La  Plata  connects  with  the 
Amazon's  mouth,  making  an  island  of  the  most  easterly  part  of  the 
continent.  There  is  a  sketch  of  it  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Amer- 
ica, vol.  VII I. 

—  A.  D.  1544. 

Cabot's  mappemonde.  (See  ante,  section  II.,  sub  1544.)  A  sketch 
of  the  South  American  part  is  given  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  Amer- 
ica, vol.  VIII. 

—  A.  D.  1545-49- 

Medina's  Arte  de  navegar  (1545)  had  a  map  of  South  America,  cut 
off  above  the  La  Plata.  This  same  cut  was  pieced  out  to  include 
Magellan's  straits  in  the  edition  of  1549.  A  facsimile  of  this  last  is 
given  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  viii. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  151 

—  A.  D.  1548. 

The  "  Carta  Marina"  of  the  Ptolemy  of  this  year.  See  ante,  under 
no.  58.  A  facsimile  of  this  map  is  given  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  vol.  viii. 

356.  A.  D.  1550  (?).      South  America, 

From  a  Spanish  portolano  preserved  in  the  Bodleian  Library,  at 
Oxford.  Indications  of  towns  founded  after  1550  would  probably  put 
the  date  of  the  map  about  1560,  as  Kohl  indeed  says  in  his  annota- 
tions, but  he  gives  the  date  "about  1550"  in  the  title  of  it.  The 
interior  of  the  continent  is  rather  fancifully  laid  out,  and  the  coasts 
are  not  so  well  made  out  as  on  contemporary  Portuguese  charts. 
What  seem  to  be  the  Falkland  islands  are  called  "yas  de  S.  anton." 

357.  A.  D.  1550 (?). 

A  less  perfect  draught  of  the  same. 

—  A.  D.  1554. 

The  Bellero  map.  See  ante,  no.  64.  There  is  a  facsimile  of  it  in 
the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  viii. 

—  A.  D.  1556. 

Map  in  Ramusio;  repeated  in  the  edition  of  1565.  See  atite,  no.  66. 
There  is  a  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  11.,  p. 
228. 

358.  A.  D.  i55-(?).     South  America.     {French.) 

From  a  MS.  map  once  in  the  possession  of  M.  Jomard.  Kohl  thinks 
it  a  French  map  made  after  a  Portuguese  original,  and  that  it  resem- 
bles tlie  Nicolas  Vallard  map  of  1547.  The  general  name  of  the  con- 
tinent is  Amerique.  There  being  no  trace  of  Villegagnon's  settle- 
ment in  Brazil  in  1556,  Kohl  puts  its  date  earlier  than  that  year. 

—  A.  D.  1561. 

The  maps  in  the  Ruscelli  edition  of  Ptolemy.  See  ante,  under  no. 
69. 

359.  A.  D.  1562.     South  America  by  Gutierrez. 

After  an  engraved  map,  thought  by  Kohl  to  be  the  earliest  on  .so 
large  a  .scale,  and  called  "America;  sive  quartae  orbis  partis  exactis- 
sima  de.scriptio.  Auctore  Diego  Gutierro,  Philippi  regis  Hii^p.  Co.s- 
mographi.  H.  Cocli  excud.  1562."  It  shows  neither  latitude  nor  lon- 
gitude. The  serpentine  course  of  the  Amazon  is  like  the  delineations 
of  Homem,  and  the  river  bears  the  names  reported  by  Orellana.  .South 
of  the  Amazon,  and  between  it  and  the  La  Plata,  is  the  Rio  de  Marafion, 
which  is  made  to  rise  in  lake  Titicaca,  and  empty  into  the  Atlantic. 


152  Kohl  Collection 

The  Magdalena  River  was  known  after  1538,  but  it  fails  of  recognition 
on  this  map,  which  is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America, 

vol.  VIII. 

—  A.  D.  1569. 

The  great  Mercator  map.     See  ante,  under  no.  71. 

—  A.  D.  1570. 

The  Ortelius  atlas.     See  ante,  no.  72. 

—  A.  D.  1572. 

The  Porcacchi  map.     See  ante,  under  no.  72. 

360.  A.  D.  i57-(?).     South  America  by  Forlani. 

The  printed  map  of  Paulo  di  Forlani  in  the  British  Museum,  without 
date.  It  is  called  La  Descrittione  di  tutto  it  Pern.  The  name  of  Peru 
does  not  otherwise  occur  on  it.  The  eastern  extremity  is  called  ' '  Terra 
del  Brasil."  The  northwest  corner  is  marked  "  Castiglia  del  Oro." 
The  Orinoco  country  is  called  "  La  nova  Andalucia."  The  longitude 
is  reckoned  apparently  from  Pico  in  the  Azores.  There  is  a  copy  of 
the  original  in  Harvard  College  Library,  after  which  a  facsimile  was 
made  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  viii. 

361.  A.  D.  1574.     South.  America  by  Forlani. 

The  map  has  an  Italian  inscription,  which  is  to  this  effect:  "  I  met 
some  months  since  in  Venice  a  certain  Don  Diego  Hermano,  a  gentle- 
man of  noble  family,  and  had  with  him  some  talks  on  geography. 
He  presented  to  me  a  sketch,  showing  voyages  of  exploration,  and 
this  drawing  I  have  engraved.  Venice,  Dec.  14,  1574.  Paolo  dei 
Furlani."     Kohl  thinks  this  map  precedes  no.  360. 

—  A.  D.  1574. 

The  Ejichiridion  of  Philippus  Gallaeus.     See  ante,  under  no.  72. 

—  A.  D.  1.578. 

The  Martines  map.     See  ante,  no.  77. 

362.  A.  D.  1585  (?).     South  America  by  Doetecbum. 

A  ]\IS.  map  in  the  British  Museum,  signed  "Joannes  a  Doetechum 
fecit."  The  legends  on  the  map  are  in  Latin;  but  the  names  on  the 
Brazil  coast  are  in  Portuguese,  and  on  the  other  coasts  in  Spanish. 
Cordova,  founded  in  1573,  is  put  down,  and  this  affords  an  anterior 
limit  for  the  date  of  the  map.  The  name  ' '  Rio  de  buena  Sarres ' '  leads 
Kohl  to  think  that  the  town  Buenos  Ayres  (1580)  had  not  been 
founded  when  the  map  was  made,  and  he  does  not  know  the  ground 
for  the  date  1585 (?),  adopted  in  the  Museum  catalogue.  The  Paraguay 
(called  Parana)  runs  from  Lacus  Eupana,  which  has  connection  also 


Maps  Relating  to  America  1 53 

through  various  channels  with  the  Atlantic,  above  and  below  Cape  St. 
Augustine.  The  map  is  cut  off  just  north  of  Patagonia,  and  is  held 
by  Kohl  to  have  been  used  by  Hondius  in  his  map,  made  shortly  after 
1600.  The  "Rio  Grande"  (Magdalena)  is  developed  more  than  on 
any  earlier  map,  as  Kohl  says.  The  Orinoco  is  a  mere  coast  stream. 
There  is  a  sketch  of  this  map  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America, 

vol.   VIII. 

362.  A.  D.  1587. 

The  map  in  Hakluyt's  Paris  ed.  of  Peter  Martyr.     See  ante,  no.  80. 

363,  364.  A.  D.  1592.     South  America  by  De  Bry. 

An  imperfect  sketch,  and  a  tracing. 

365.  A.  D.  1593.     South.  America  by  Judaeis. 

From  an  engraved  map  by  Cornelius  Judaeis,  called  Brasilia  et  Pe- 
riivia.  The  Orinoco  is  a  small  stream.  The  L,a  Plata  is  made  to  rise 
in  the  ' '  Laguna  del  Dorado. ' ' 

—  A.  D.  1593. 

Map  of  Maffeius.     See  ante,  under  no.  83. 

—  A.  D.  1597. 

The  maps  in  Wytfliet's  continuation  of  Ptolemy  (see  ante,  under  no. 
85),  and  in  the  editions  of  Ptolemy  at  Cologne  and  Arnheim  {s&Qante, 
under  no.  84). 

—  A.  D.  159S. 

The  map  in  Miinster's  Cosnios^raptiia.     See  ante,  no.  86. 

366.  A.  I).  1599.     South  America  by  Linschoten. 

I'rom  an  engraved  map  in  Linschoten's  Navigatio  in  Indiani  Ori- 
entalon.     The  La  Plata  rises  in  the  "Laguna  del  Dorado." 

—  A.  D.  1599. 

L 

Hulsius's  "Nova  et  exacta  dclineatio  America;  partis  australis"  in 
the  Vera  tiistoria  of  Schmidel,  Amsterdam,  1599,  ])art  of  which  is 
given  in  facsimile  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  vrii. 

367.  A.  I).  i6<x)(?).     South  America. 

It  shows  the  continent  between  the  northern  limits  of  Rra/il  and  the 
upper  parts  of  Patagonia,  .\fter  a  ]\IS.  maji  in  the  Depot  de  la  Marine 
at  Paris.  Para,  near  the  mouth  of  the  Amazon,  founded  soon  after 
1620,  is  not  indicated,  and  the  course  of  the  Amazon  is  not  improved 
upon  the  type  fashioned  after  the  re])orts  of  Orellana  in  1542.  Near 
lake  TiLicaca  is  a  legend  about  the  ex])l<)ratioiis  of  Nnflo  de  Chaves, 
i"  1557-1560.      The   names   and   inscri])tions  are   nearly   all   Sjwnish, 


154  Kohl  Collection 

with  an  admixture  of  Portuguese  in  Brazil.  The  designations  of  the 
oceans  and  a  few  other  names  are  French.  These  features  indicate  a 
French  draughtsman,  working  on  Spanish  and  Portuguese  models. 

367.  A.  D.  1601. 

Map  in  Herrera.     See  ante,  no  88. 

—  A.  D.  1603. 

The  map  in  Botero's  Relaciones.     See  a7tte,  under  no.  84. 

—  A.  D.  1606. 

Map  in  the  Regimiento  de  Navegacion  of  Cespedes.  See  ante, 
no.  89. 

368.  A.  D.  1610  (?).     Am.erica  Meridionalis. 

From  the  Hondius-Mercator  Atlas,  Amsterdam,  1630.  The  map  is 
without  date.  The  great  Antarctic  Continent,  "Terra  del  Fogo," 
would  indicate  that  it  was  made  before  Lemaire's  voyage  in  1615.  No 
draughtsman's  name  is  attached  to  the  map,  but  Kohl  conjectures 
that  it  was  made  by  Hondius.  Kohl  calls  it  the  most  correct  map  at 
its  date.  Lake  Titicaca  connects  with  the  Amazon.  The  "  Eupana 
Lacus  "  connects  south  with  the  La  Plata,  north  with  the  Amazon,  and 
east  with  the  Atlantic.     The  continent  is  made  60°  broad. 

See  the  Hondius  map  in  the  Mercator  Atlas  of  1613,  and  in  Pur- 
chas,  III,  p.  882. 

—  A.  D.  1613. 

The  map  in  the  Detedionis  Freti,  etc. 

The  map  of  Joannes  Oliva  in  the  British  Museum.     See  ante,  no.  90. 

—  A.  D.  1625-30. 

See  De  Laet,  ante,  no.  92. 

—  A.  D.  1635. 

See  the  Mercator  Atlas,  ante,  under  no.  100. 

—  A.  D.  1651. 

Jaimson's  Atlas  Minor,  11,  401. 

369.  A.  D.  1660.     South  America  by  Allard. 

In  the  Orinoco  he  follows  Visscher;  in  the  Amazon,  Acuna.  The 
river  Xanca  in  Peru  is  made  the  source  of  the  Amazon.  He  records 
Brouwer's  passage  between  Staten  island  and  Tierra  del  Fuego,  in 
1643- 

—  A.  D.  1663. 
Heylin's  Cosnwgraphia. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  155 

370.  A.  D.  1680-S1.     South  America  by  Sharp. 

The  map  is  called  "A  description  of  the  South  sea  and  Coasts  of 
America,  Containing  the  whole  navigation  to  all  those  places  at  which 
Capt.  Sharp  and  his  Companions  were  in  the  years  1680  and  16S1." 
Sharp's  track  of  circumnavigation  is  pricked  on  the  map.  The  south- 
ern point  reached  by  him  was  58°  25',  where  he  saw  no  land.  He 
went  much  to  the  southeast  of  Staten  island,  called  by  him  Albemarle 
island.  The  map  is  copied  from  Ringrose's  Biiccaniers  of  America, 
2d  ed.     London,  1684. 

XIII. 
NORTHERN   PARTS  OF  SOUTH  AMERICA. 

***  See  sections  II.  and  XII.,  ante. 

371.  A.  D.   1525.     North   Coast   of  South  America  by  Lorenz 

Friess. 

One  of  the  twelve  sheets  of  a  wood-cut  map,  made  in  1525,  but  not 
published  till  1530,  and  based,  it  is  thought,  on  maps  of  Waldsee- 
miiller,  as  he  had  also  used  that  geographer's  maps  in  the  1522  edition 
of  Ptolemy.  The  main  inscription  on  the  continent  is  "Das  niiv 
erfunde  land."  Kohl  thinks  the  information  used  was  not  very  re- 
cent in  1525.  It  is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  mid  Crit.  Hist.  America,  11, 
p.  218. 

372.  A.  D.  1528.     Terra  de  Santa  Croce  by  Bordone. 

From  the  first  edition  of  Bordone's  Isolario,  1528.  It  is  called 
"Terra  de  santa  croce,  over  Mondo  nuovo."  He  considers  vSouth 
America  an  island  having  no  connection  with  Asia  or  with  North 
America.  "C.  S.  X."  is  the  designation  put  for  the  present  Cape  vSt. 
Augustine,  and  Brazil  is  called  "Paria."  He  had  only  heard  reports 
of  Balboa's  and  Magellan's  discoveries,  and  he  omits  the  southern 
parts  of  the  continent.  The  map  is  supposed  to  have  been  made  in 
1521.     There  is  a  sketch  of  it  in  the  A'ar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  .linerica, 

vol.   VIII. 

373.  A.  I).  1542.     Northeast  Coast  of  South  America  by  Rotz. 

From  his  Bofie  of  Idrograptiy  in  the  British  Museum.  Kohl  thinks 
from  the  names  that  Rotz  derived  more  help  from  Portuguese  than 
from  Spanish  sources.  The  two  chief  names  along  the  coast  arc 
"Coste  of  Brazil"  and  "Costeof  Caniballis."  It  extends  from  Trim- 
dad  to  below  Cape  vSt.  Augustine. 

374.  A.  I).  i595(?).     Amazon  and  Orinoco. 

It  shows  the  coast  from  the  mouth  of  the  Amazon  to  Panama,  and 
the  watersheds  of  the  Amazon  and  Orinoco.  The  original  M.S.  map 
was  acquired  by  the  British  Mu.seum  in  1845,  and  Kohl  is  inclined  to 
believe  it  the  identical  map  made  when  Ralegh  was  on  the  Orinoco, 


156  Kohl  Collection 

or  a  contemporary  copy  of  his  map.  The  original  is  on  vellum,  and 
Kohl  thinks  that  the  manner  of  execution  points  to  a  date  earlier  than 
1600.  The  extent  of  the  map  corresponds  to  the  map  which  Ralegh 
tells  us  he  made  of  the  country,  and  the  geographical  features  corre- 
spond with  his  narrative,  including  the  "  Lake  of  Manoa." 

375.  A.  D.  1596.     Orinoco. 

A  small  sketch  of  the  coast  from  Venezuela  to  the  mouth  of  the 
Amazon. 

376.  A.  D.  1619.     Guiana  from  De  Bry. 

Kohl's  annotations  are  erased. 

377.  A.  D.  i62-(?).     Orinoco  by  N.  Visscher. 

Sketch  of  the  Orinoco  Valley,  with  adjacent  coasts,  and  pajrt  of 
Lacus  Parime. 

—  A.  I).  1651. 

Northwest  parts  of  South  America,  in  Jannson's  Atlas  Minor,  11, 
407. 

378.  A.  D.  1656.     Guiana  by  Sanson. 

From  the  ' '  Carte  de  la  Guyane  et  Caribane,  augment^e  et  corrig^e 
suivant  les  dernieres  Relations  par  Sanson  d' Abbeville,  1656."  Kohl 
thinks  Sanson  used  drafts  brought  away  by  the  French  when  they  left 
Cayenne  in  1653.  It  shows  in  the  interior  a  large  "I,ac  ou  Mer,  que 
les  Caraibes  appelent  Parime. ' '  This  draft  remained  the  best  one  of 
the  interior  of  Guiana  till  D'Anville's  map  in  1729. 

379.  A.  D.  1669.     Guiana  by  Thelot. 

Made  at  Frankfort  on  the  Main  by  T.  P.  Thelot,  attached  to  an 
account  of  Guiana,  published  in  1669.  The  map  is  called,  "Guiana 
sive  Amazonum  regio."  The  usual  extensive  "Parime  Lacus,"  with 
its  city  of  "Manoa,"  appears. 

380.  A.  I).  1694.     Surinam  by  Van  Keulen. 

From  the  Zee-Atlas  of  Van  Keulen. 

381.  A.  I).  1729.     French  Guiana  by  D' An ville. 

From  an  engraved  map  based  on  reports  of  M.  Milhan.  It  shows 
the  country  for  about  seven  leagues  around  Cayenne. 

382.  A.  D.  1729.     French  Guiana  by  D'Anville. 

From  1635,  when  the  French  first  had  possession,  down  to  1676, 
when  their  possession  was  assured,  and  during  later  periods  down  to 
1729,  there  were  French  surveys  of  the  country,  of  which  D'Anville 
had  the  use.  Up  to  this  date  little  was  known  of  the  interior  beyond 
what  the  Fathers  Grillet  and  Bechamel  learned  in  explorations  in 
1674. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  157 

383.  A.  D.  1730.     Venezuela  by  D'Anville. 
Depending  on  Spanish  reports.     The  coast  is  still  inaccurate. 

384.  A.  D.  1741.     Orinoco  Valley  by  Gumilla. 

The  map  is  called  "Mapa  della  Provincia  }•  Missiones  de  la  Com- 
paiiia  de  I.  H.  S.  de  Nuevo  Reyno  de  Granada."  From  an  engraved 
map  accompanying  Gumilla's  work  on  the  Orinoco  Country.  Kohl 
thinks  it  hardly  an  improvement  on  the  Ralegh  map  {ante,  no.  374). 
It  shows  the  "  Laguna  de  Parima." 

385.  A.  D.  1751  (?).     North.  Part  of  South  America  by  Brentano 

and  La  Torre. 

This  map,  without  date,  was  made,  in  Kohl's  opinion,  not  long  after 
1744,  and  is  entitled,  "Provincia  Quitensis  Societatis  Jesu  in  America 
cum  tribus  eadeni  finitimis,  a  PP.  Carolo  Brentano  et  Nicholas  de  la 
Torre.  Romie."  A  legend  at  the  point  where  the  Orinoco  and  Rio 
Negro  (branch  of  Amazon)  become  confluent  says  that  this  connection 
was  discovered  in  1744,  by  Father  Emanuel  Roman,  Superior  of  the 
Orinoco  missions.  The  l^ortuguese  had  found  it  out,  however,  the 
year  before.  The  course  of  the  Orinoco  seems  to  be  copied  from 
Oumilla. 

386.  A.  D.  1775.     Sources  of  the  Orinoco  by  J.  de  la  Cruz  Cano. 
A  small  imperfect  sketch. 

387.  A.I).   1830.     Massaroony  River  by  Hillhouse. 

A  branch  of  the  Essequebo  river.  An  engraved  map  in  \X\q  Journat 
of  the  Royal  Geoirrapliical  Society,  iv  (1S34). 

388.  A.  I).  1832.     British  Guiana  by  Alexander. 

From  an  engraved  map  in  Wvi  Jouj-nal  of  tlie  Royat  Cicograpliicat 
Society,  11  (1832).  The  be.st  map  before  Schomburgk  reformed  the 
geography  of  the  country. 

389.  -V.  I).  1S34.     Part  of  British  Guiana. 

.•\n  engraved  map  by  Hillhouse  in  the  Journal  of  t/ie  Royat  Geo- 
^rapliical  Society,  iv  (1834). 

390.  391,  392.   A.  I).  1836.     British  Guiana  by  Schomburgk. 

Nos.  390  and  391  are  engraved  maps  in  the  Joiiniat  of  t/ie  Royat 
( ieoi^rap/iicat Society ,  vi  ( 1836),  and  as  im])roved  in  vii  ( 1837).  These 
maps  .show  the  country  from  1°  to  9°  N.  lat.,  and  from  56°  to  60° 
W.  longitude.  No.  392  gives,  with  minuter  detail  and  acconhng  to 
later  explorations,  the  part  between  1°  and  5°  N.  lat.,  and  follows  aii 
engraved  map  in  Ibid.,  xv.  (1845). 


158  Kohl  Collection 

XIV. 
SOUTHERN  PARTS  OF  SOUTH  AMERICA. 

*:»*Cf.  sections  II  and  XII. 

393.  A.  I).  152].     Straits  of  Magellan  by  Pigafetta 

From  the  engraved  map  in  Amoretti's  edition  of  Pigafetta's  narra- 
tive of  Magellan's  voyage,  published  at  Milan,  1800.  There  is  a  fac- 
simile of  this  map  in  the  Xar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  11,  and 
a  sketch  in  Ibid.,  vol.  viii. 

—  A.  D.  1529. 

Ribero's  mappemonde.  See  ante,  no.  41.  A  sketch  of  Magellan's 
Straits  from  it  is  given  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  viii. 

—  A.  D.  1531. 

Finseus's  mappemonde.  The  southern  hemisphere  is  reproduced 
in  Wieser's  JMagalhdes-Strasse ,  p.  66,  and  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist. 
America,  vol.  viii. 

—  A.  I).  1533- 

The  southern  hemisphere  of  Schoner  is  figured  in  Wieser's  Magal- 
hdes-Strasse  and  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  xiii. 

394.  A.  D.  1546.    Patag'onia  and  Magellan's  Straits  by  J.  Freire. 

From  a  portolano  which  was  in  Santarem's  possession  when  used  by 
Kohl.  While  the  east  coast  of  Patagonia  and  the  straits  have  a  nomen- 
clature traceable  to  Magellan's  voyage,  Kohl  does  not  find  any  origi- 
nal source  for  the  names  on  the  west  coast,  which  runs  north  on  the 
map  to  27°  S.  lat.  Kohl  is  mistaken  in  supposing  ^Magellan  did 
not  run  up  the  west  coast  before  turning  westward.  Pigafetta's 
map  shows  that  he  did.  Kohl  quotes  Gomara's  statement  that  Ca- 
margo,  in  1540,  was  the  first  to  bring  to  Europe  certain  news  of  the 
Pacific  coast  between  the  straits  and  Peru,  and  thinks  that  Freire  may 
have  had  Camargo's  charts.  There  is  a  sketch  of  this  map  in  the 
Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  viii. 

—  A.  I).  1547. 

A  sketch  from  the  Nicolas  Vallard  map  is  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit. 
Hist.  America,  vol.  viii.     See  ante,  no.  154. 

—  A.  D.  1578. 

Hondius's  map  illustrating  Drake's  voyage  is  reproduced  in  Kohl's 
Jlfageltan'  s-Strasse. 

395.  A.  D.  1579-80.     Sarmiento's  Discoveries. 

From  a  MS.  Spanish  map  in  the  British  Museum,  showing  the  sur- 
veys of  Pedro  Sarmiento  among  the  coast  islands  on  the  west  coast  of 


Maps  Relating  to  America  159 

Patagonia.  It  does  not  show  his  researches  further  south  within  Ma- 
gellan's Straits,  which  leads  Kohl  to  suspect  that  the  map  onh-  indi- 
cates the  explorations  made  before  his  vice-admiral,  Villalobos, 
returned  to  Peru. 

396.  A.  D.  1587.     Magellan's  Straits  and  the  Antarctic  Conti- 

nent. 

From  a  French  MS.  in  the  British  Museum.  It  represents  Tierra 
del  Fuego  as  expanded  into  a  continent,  the  northerly  point  of  which 
is  made  an  island  by  a  transverse  channel,  somewhat  hesitatingly 
indicated  by  some  pictures  of  trees,  which  conceal  the  reaches  of  it. 

—  A.  D.  1590. 

The  map  in  Johannes  Myritius's  Opusculuin  geographiciiin.  See 
ante,  no.  79. 

397.  A.  D.  1599.     Magellan's  Straits  by  F.  de  Weert. 

From  De  Bry's  Greater  V'oyages,  Part  IX  (1602),  showing  the 
results  of  De  Weert's  surveys  of  the  straits.  Kohl  thinks  that  Hon- 
dius,  in  his  Atlas  (1607)  worked  from  the  same  material  with  more 
detail,  as  shown  in  his  better  delineation  of  the  great  bend  in  the 
strait,  which  is  here  hardly  noted. 

398.  A.    D.   1600.     Magellan's   Straits    by   Hondius   and   Mer- 

cator. 

This  accompanies  the  treatise  on  the  straits  in  the  Hondius  edition 
of  Mercator,  1607,  which  treatise,  as  it  does  not  record  the  recent 
Dutch  explorations.  Kohl  judges  to  have  been  written  by  Mercator 
himself  before  1594,  and  to  have  been  used  by  Hondius  to  accompany 
a  map,  embodying  the  Dutch  surveys  of  Malin,  Coraes,  and  De  Weert 
in  1598-99.     Just  after  this,  in  1600,  Kohl  would  place  this  map. 

Cf.  the  Hondius  map  in  Purchas,  iii,  p.  900. 

399.  A.  D.  1600.     Southern  Part  of  South.  America  by  Olivier 

van  Noort. 

A  combination  of  two  maps  which  appeared  in  the  Begin  cnde 
Voortgaiig  ran  de  vereenigde  Needcrlandtsche  Oost-Indisclie  Coui- 
pagnie,  1646.     \'an  Noort  tracked  these  coasts  in  1599-1600. 

400.  A.  D.  1602.     Patagonia  by  Van  Noo. 

The  southern  part  of  no.  399,  which  Kohl  dates  in  this  case  1602. 
He  makes  no  comments  on  it. 

401.  A.  D.  1602.     Patagonia  by  Levinus  Hulsius. 

It  gives  an  excessive  breadth  to  the  Patagonian  region,  as  was  usual 
in  majisof  this  time.  In  the  interior  a  Patagonian  giant  is  representeil 
running  an  arrow  a  yard  and  a  half  long  down  his  throat  to  the  bot- 
tom of  his  stomach. 


i6o  Kohl  Collection 

402.  A.  D.  1615.     Magellan's  Straits  by  Spilbergen. 

A  map  in  Dc  Bry,  Part  XI.  (1619),  purporting  to  show  the  explora- 
tions of  George  Spilbergen;  but  there  is  nothing  in  the  accompanying 
text  to  explain  its  history. 

403.  A.  D.  1619.     Tierra  del  Fuego  by  Schouten. 

Showing  Magellan's  straits;  Tierra  del  Fuego,  which  is  made  a 
single  large  island,  with  a  portion  of  its  west  coast  unknown,  and 
Lemaire's  channel  separating  it  from  "State  landt, "  the  western 
end  of  which  is  shown;  as  is  also  Schouten's  track  in  rounding  Cape 
Horn.  It  follows  the  engraved  map  in  the  Diarium  vel  descriptio 
.  .  .  itineris  facti  a  Guillielmo  Cornelio  Schotcjiio  Hor^iano.  Ams- 
terdam!, 16 1 9.  The  map  is  called  "  Caarte  van  de  nieuwe  Passage 
.  .  .  ontdeckt  ...  in  den  jare  1616  door  Willem  Schouten  van 
Hoorn."  Schouten's  own  charts  are  lost,  says  Kohl;  but  as  Willem 
Jannson  wrote  the  preface  to  the  book,  he  probably  made  this  map 
from  Schouten's  drafts.  Schouten  sailed  under  the  patronage  of  some 
Dutch  merchants,  chief  among  whom  was  Isaac  Lemaire,  with  the 
purpose  of  discovering  some  other  pas.sage  to  the  Pacific  than  Magel- 
lan's straits;  and  he  was  accompanied  by  Jacob,  son  of  Isaac  Lemaire, 
and  after  the  latter  they  named  the  newly  found  passage  between  State 
landt  and  the  main  coast. 

Cf.  the  map  on  the  title  of  the  London  edition  of  Schouten  (16 19), 
of  which  a  facsimile  is  given  in  the  A«r.  a^id  Crit.  Hist.  America, 
vol.  VIII.  Kohl  in  his  Magellan'' s-Strasse  gives  the  map  from  the 
Amsterdam  ( 1619)  edition. 

404.  A.  D.  1621.     Patagonia  by  Nodal. 

Follows  an  engraved  map  in  Montenegro's  Relacion  del  Viaje  de 
los  Xodales,  IMadrid,  162 1. 

405.  A.  D.  1621.     The  same. 

A  less  perfect  copy.  This  map  is  reproduced  in  Kohl's  Magellan'' s- 
Strasse. 

406.  A.  D.  1624.     Cape  Horn  by  Walbeck. 

An  engraved  map  in  the  Begin  ende  Voortgang  va7i  de  Vereenigde 
Oost-Indische  Coinpagnie,  1646  (vol.  11). 

407.  A.  D.  1630.     La  Tierra  del  Fuogo  by  Dudley. 

One  of  the  MS.  maps  of  Robert  Dudley,  preserved  at  Munich,  on 
which  his  Arcano  del  Mare,  published  at  Florence  in  1646,  was  based. 
Kohl  assigns  all  of  Dudley's  maps  to  1630.  Tierra  del  Fuego  is  made 
a  completed  island  on  the  Schouten  idea.  "Staten  land"  is  a  penin- 
sula of  a  great  Antarctic  continent. 

—  A.  D.  1644. 

The  map  in  the  Amsterdam  ed.  of  Linschoten. 


Maps  Relating  to  A^n erica  i6l 

407.  A.  D.  1646.     , 

The  map  of  Kaerius  in  Speed's  Prospect  (London,  1665). 

—  A.  D.  1651. 

Straits  of  ^Magellan  in  Jannson's  Atlas  Minor,  11,  427. 

408.  A.  D.  1666.     Magellanica  by  Jannson. 

From  Jannson's  Attas,  1666.  For  Magellan's  straits,  he  followed 
mainly  Nodal's  reports.  The  general  shape  of  Tierra  del  Fuegt)  is 
like  Schouten's.  "Staten  Eylant"  has  the  insular  form  for  the  first 
time,  saj'S  Kohl,  in  a  printed  map. 

409.  A.  D.  1670.     Magellan's  Straits  by  Narborougli. 

Sir  John  Narborough  was  sent  out  by  Charles  II.  in  1669  to  renew 
explorations,  which  had  been  neglected  for  many  years.  Narbor- 
ough's  map,  three  feet  long,  as  drawn  by  himself  on  parchment,  is  in 
the  British  Museiim.  From  this  a  reduction  was  engraved  and  pub- 
lished in  London,  and  from  this  engraving — "A  new  map  of  Magel- 
lan's straits  discovered  \_sic]  by  Capt.  John  Narborough,  commander 
of  H.  M.  Ship  Sweepstakes  made  and  sold  by  P.  Thornton" — Kohl 
makes  the  present  draft,  which  he  thinks  was  largely  based  on  early 
Dutch  surveys. 

410.  A.  D.  1670.     Patagonia  and  Tierra  del  Fuego  by  Narbor- 

ough. 

This  map  seems  also  mainly  derived  from  Dutch  sources,  and 
appeared  in  An  Account  0/  several  late  Voyages  and  Discoveries  to  the 
Sout/t  and  Nortti  by  Sir  Jolin  Narborougli,  London,  1694. 

411.  A.  D.  i7oo(?).     Coast  South  of  Buenos  Ayres. 

The  date  1700  is  given  by  Kohl  in  the  title,  but  it  .seems  to  be  an 
error,  as  in  his  notes  he  says  the  map,  which  is  a  MS.  one  preserved 
in  the  British  Museum,  grew  out  of  the  explorations  of  Juan  de  la 
Piedra  and  of  Antonio  and  Francisco  Viedma  in  1778  and  1779,  "nder 
instructions  from  Spain  to  form  settlements  on  the  east  coast  of  Pata- 
gonia. The  map  akso  .shows  the  inland  explorations  of  Brazilio  Vil- 
larino  in  1782,  who  was  sent  out  by  Viedma.  Routes  of  other 
explorers  are  also  indicated.  _ 

412.  A.  D.  1714.     Magellan's  Straits  and  Tierra  del  Fuego  by 

Frezier. 

This  is  one  of  the  maps  explained  by  Frezier  to  Louis  XIV. ,  when  he 
returned,  in  1714,  from  the  voyage  of  exploration  on  which  that  mon- 
arch had  .sent  him  in  1712.  Cape  Horn  is  laid  down  in  55°  45'.  The 
west  coa,st  of  Tierra  del  Fuego  trends  nearlj-  east  and  west.  The  east- 
ern narts  of  the  Falkland  islands  are  .shown,  with  tracks  of  ve.s.sels 
from  St.  Malo  from  1700  to  1713,  by  whom  they  are  said  to  have  been 
discovered. 

1 1 606 — 04 1 1 


1 62  Kohl  Collection 

413.  A.  D.  1717.     The  Same. 

This  is  an  incomplete  sketch  dated  differently,  and  has  no  annota- 
tions. 

414.  A.  D.   1748.     The    Country    South    of  the   Rio    Plata  by 

Cardiel. 

An  oblong,  incomplete  sketch,  without  comment. 
—  A.  D.  1766. 

Bougainville's  map  of  the  straits,  of  which  a  facsimile  is  given  in 
the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  viii. 

415.  A.  D.  1775.     Southern  Part  of  South  America. 

From  an  English  map,  based  on  the  Atlas  of  Juan  de  la  Cruz  Cano 
y  Olmadilla,  published  at  Madrid  in  1769.  The  English  map  is  called 
"improved  from  Byron,  Wallis,  Carteret  and  Bougainville,  1775." 

416.  A.  D.  1782.     Rio  Negro. 

This  shows  a  section  from  ocean  to  ocean  of  northern  Patagonia  and 
Chili,  and  was  based  by  Arrowsmith  on  data  got  from  the  explora- 
tions of  Basilio  Villarino  in  1782,  and  was  published  in  the  Journal  of 
the  Royal  Geographical  Society,  vol.  vi.  (1836). 

417.  A.  D.  1783.     East  Coast  of  Patagonia  by  Viedma. 

It  follows  a  rough  sketch  preserved  in  the  British  Museum. 

418.  A.  D.  1824.     Cape  Horn  and  Vicinity  by  Capt.  Weddell. 

A  small  sketch  without  notes. 

419.  A.  D.  1830.     Patagonia  after  Capt.  King. 
A  sketch  without  comment. 

420.  A.  D.  1833.     The  Southern  Pole. 

A  map  showing  the  southern  hemisphere  between  the  pole  and  30° 
S.  lat.,  with  tracks  of  recent  explorers  laid  down,  published  in  the 
Journal  0/ the  Royal  Geographical  Society,  iii  (1833). 

421.  A.  D.  1833.     East  Falkland  Island. 

From  ih-e  Journal  of  the  Royal  Geographical  Socieiy,  in.  (1833). 

XV. 
BRAZIL    AND    THE    AMAZON. 

***Cf.  Sections  II.,  XII.,  and  XIII. 

422.  A.  D.  1500.     Brazil  by  La  Cosa. 

A  section  of  the  La  Cosa  chart.  See  ante,  no.  26.  Kohl  considers 
that  La  Cosa,  in  the  water  which  he  represents  southwest  of  South 


Afaps  Relating  to  America  163 

America,  anticipated  the  disco  .-ery  of  the  South  Sea  or  Pacific.  He 
considers  the  ' '  Costa  plaida ' '  to  mark  the  island  which  divides  the 
Amazon  proper  from  the  Para  river,  and  holds  that  the  names  along 
the  coast  are  the  results  of  the  voyages  of  Pinzon  and  Lepe. 

423.  A.  D.  1525.     Brazil  by  LiOrenz  Friess. 

From  the  Carta  JMariiia  (Atlas)  of  Lorenz  Friess,  published  in 
1530,  but  it  represents  rather  the  condition  of  knowledge  of  this  part 
of  the  South  American  coast  after  the  I'ortuguese  explorations  of 
1501-3.  The  country  is  called,  "  Prisilia  sive  terra  papagalli."  Another 
(German)  inscription  reads,  "In  this  country,  men  when  they  die, 
are  cut  up,  smoked,  roasted,  and  eaten."  Another  says,  "They  have 
sailed  all  along  this  coast,  but  no  one  has  penetrated  into  the  coun- 
try."    It  is  sketched  in  the  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  viii. 

424.  A.  D.  1542.     Coast  of  Brazil  by  Botz. 

A  sketch  without  comment.  It  is  from  the  Idrograp/iy.  See  aftte, 
no.  55.     Brazil  is  made  an  island. 

425.  A.  D.  1546.     Brazil  by  J.  Freire. 

It  shows  the  coast  from  the  mouth  of  the  Amazon  to  La  Plata. 
Copied  from  a  MS.  portolano  then  in  the  possession  of  Santarem.  It 
gives  latitude  without  longitude,  and  Kohl  calls  it  the  earliest  good 
survey  by  astronomical  helps.  La  Plata  rises  in  a  lake,  which  Kohl 
believes  the  same  discovered  by  Cabeja  de  Vaca,  and  for  the  first  time 
laid  down  in  this  map. 

426.  A.  I).  1547.     Brazil  by  Nic.  Vallard. 

From  a  ]\IS.  atlas.     See  ante,  no.  154. 

427.  A.  D.  1556.     Brazil. 

PVoni  Ramusio,  Viaggi,  vol.  iii  (1556).  The  map  appears  to  be 
of  French  origin.  There  is  a  facsimile  in  Paul  Gaffarel's  B resit  Fran- 
fais,  p.  61. 

428.  A.  D.  1558.     Brazil  by  Diego  Homem. 

From  the  MS.  atlas  in  the  British  Mu.seum.  See  ante,  no.  67.  It 
covers  the  same  extent  as  no.  425,  but  the  coast  is  more  minutely 
drawn,  and  besprinkled  with  names,  quite  unlike  those  of  Freire. 
The  degrees  of  latitude  are  marked,  but  not  numbered. 

429.  A.    D.    155S.      The    Amazon  and   the   Northern   Coast  by 

Diego  Homem. 

P'roni  the  same  atlas  as  no.  42S.  That  part  of  the  ocean  which  re- 
ceives the  flow  of  the  Amazon  is  called  "Mare  aque  dulcis."  Tlie 
river  itself  is  called  "Rio  de  S.  Juan  de  las  Amazonas."  The  names 
given  by  Orellana  are  scattered  along  its  course.  The  name  ' '  Omaga ' ' 
(Omagua)  is  said  by  Kohl  to  be  here  seen  for  the  first  time  on  a  ma]). 
There  is  a  sketch  of  this  maj)  in  the  Xar.  and  Crit.  Hist,  yhnerira, 
VIII. 


164  Kohl  Collection 

430.  A.  D.  155S.     The  Same. 
A  less  perfect  sketch. 

431.  A.  D.  1561.     Brazil  by  Ruscelli. 

Added  by  Ruscelli  to  the  ed.  of  Ptolemy,  published  1561,  and 
thought  to  be  made  upon  the  draft  published  by  Ramusio,  1556;  but 
Ruscelli  adds  lines  of  longitude  and  latitude,  which  Ramusio  did  not 
give.  Kohl  thinks  it  the  earliest  map  of  Brazil  on  which  longitudes 
are  marked.     They  are  nearly  right — by  a  chance. 

—  A.  D.  1578. 

Brazil  in  the  Atlas  of  Johannes  Martines,  in  the  British  Museum. 
See  atite,  no.  75.  A  sketch  of  the  map  of  Brazil  is  given  in  the  Nar. 
arid  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  viii. 

432.  A.  D.  1599.     South.  America  by  Levinus  Hulsius. 

An  engraved  map  publi.shed  at  Nuremberg,  and  called,  "Nova  et 
exacta  Delineatio  Americse  partis  Australis,  que  est  Brasilia,"  etc. 
Kohl  says  that  the  Orinoco  is  for  the  first  time  drawn  inland.  It  is 
represented  as  a  broad  stream,  with  a  mouth  filled  with  many  islands. 
The  usual  "Parime  Lacus"  connects  with  the  Atlantic  by  the  Caiane 
and  Waiapago  rivers.  A  large  "  lacus  Eupuna"  connects  north  with 
the  Amazon,  east  with  the  ocean,  and  south  (apparently)  with  the  La 
Plata  River.     See  facsimile  in  Nar.  and  Crit.  Hist.  America,  vol.  viii. 

—  A.  D.  1651. 

Brazil  in  Jannson's  Atlas  Minor,  11,  417.  It  resembles  Ramusio's, 
no.  427,  ante. 

433.  A.  D.  1656.     The  Amazon  by  Sanson. 

A  published  map,  "  Le  Peru  et  le  Cours  de  la  Riviere  Amazon,  Paris, 
1656."  Itwasmadein  large  part  after  the  reports  of  Father  d'Acunha, 
who  accompanied  Pedro  Texeira  in  1638  on  his  trip  up  the  Amazon, 
thence  to  Quito,  and  return.  An  account  of  the  journey  was  pub- 
lished in  ^Madrid  in  1640,  but  without  a  map.  This  map,  fashioned  by 
Sanson,  on  that  account  continued  to  be  the  best,  down  to  the  map  of 
Father  Fritz  in  171 7. 

434.  A.  D.  1695.     Brazil  by  Coronelli. 

A  small  sketch,  without  comment. 

435.  A.  D.  1700  (?).     The  Amazon  by  Fritz. 

After  a  MS.  map  in  the  Depot  de  la  Marine  at  Paris,  without  date  or 
author,  called  "Rio  de  Marannon  o  de  Amazonas."  Kohl  thinks  it 
either  a  copy  of  Father  Fritz's  map,  as  he  made  it,  or  as  it  was  en- 
graved in  Quito  in  1707.  The  names  agree  with  those  in  Fritz's  re- 
port. It  does  not  give  the  upper  course  of  the  Ucayale,  which  is 
given  in  no.  438  {post),  but  it  gives  details  generally  with  greater 
fulness. 


Maps  Relating  to  A))icrica  165 

436.  A.  D.  1703.     Tlie  Amazon  by  Delisle. 

It  is  called,  "Carte  du  Pays  des  Amazones,  par  De  I'lsle,  d'apres 
Herrera,  Laet,  Acuiia,  Rodriguez,  etc.,  1703."  It  is  incorrect  iu 
many  important  particulars. 

437.  A.  D.  1703.     Brazil  by  Delisle. 

Called,  "Carte  du  Bresil  d'apres  Herrera,  Laet,  Acuiia,  Rodriguez 
et  sur  plusieurs  relations,  1703."  Kohl  considers  Sanson's  map  of 
1656  far  more  accurate. 

438.  A.  D.  1707.     The  Amazon  by  Fritz. 

The  German  Jesuit  missionary.  Father  Samuel  Fritz,  was  familiar 
with  the  river  after  1686,  and  during  his  journeys  he  used  rude  instru- 
ments to  make  observations  of  latitude,  but  he  had  none  to  determine 
longitude,  though  lines  of  longitude  are  given  in  his  map.  This  map 
was  engraved  in  Quito  in  1707,  and  is  the  earliest  map  based  on  any 
astronomical  observations.  A  reduced  copy  of  it  was,  in  171 7,  pub- 
lished in  the  Leitres  Edifiantes,  but  was  unaccompanied  by  Fritz's 
reports,  which  were  never  published.  It  remained  the  best  map  till 
that  of  Condamine  (1744)  was  published.  The  present  copy  follows 
the  reduction  of  the  Leitres  Edifiantes  (vol.  xii,  p.  212). 

439.  A.  D.  1744.     The  Amazon  by  Condamine. 

Condamine  was  on  the  river  in  1743  and  1744,  and  he  was  provided 
with  better  instruments  than  Fritz  possessed,  so  that  he  placed  points 
on  the  river  astronomically  with  more  accuracy.  Kohl  by  a  dotted 
line  plots  in  on  the  same  drafts,  for  comparison,  the  sur\ey  by  Fritz. 

440.  A.  D.  1749.     The  River  Madeira  from  Southey's  Papers. 

From  a  MS.  map  in  the  British  Museum,  which  had  belonged  to 
Robert  vSouthey  when  he  was  writing  his  Hist,  of  Brazil.  It  is  a 
Portuguese  map,  and  seems  to  have  been  made  by  a  trader  from  Para. 

441.  A.  D.  1751.     The  Amazon. 

A  corrected  sketch  without  comment. 

442.  A.  D.  1769.     The  Amazon  by  Father  Amich. 

After  a  vSpani.sh  MS.  map  by  I'r.  Jose  Amich,  preserved  in  the 
British  Museum.  Kohl  thinks  that  Amich's  advances  in  the  cartog- 
raphy of  this  region  were  not  well  known  for  some  time  after  1769. 

443.  .\.  I).  i79<:j.     The  Huallaga  and  Ucayali  Rivers  by  Sobre- 

viela. 

This  is  a  map  made  by  Father  Francisco  Manuel  Sobreviela  in  T790, 
as  corrected  by  Amadeo  Chaumelle  in  1830,  and  published  that  year  at 
Lima. 


1 66  Kohl  Collection 

444.  A.  D.  1814.    The  Rivers  Ucayale  and  Huallaga  by  Father 

Carballo. 

Father  Paule  ISIonso  Carballo  belonged  to  the  Franciscan  convent 
of  Ocopa  in  Peru.  He  used  the  MS.  maps  in  the  archives  of  his 
convent  ^vhich  had  been  deposited  from  time  to  time  by  the  mission- 
aries whom  it  had  sent  out. 

445.  A.  D.  1825.     The  Amazon. 

A  MS.  Carta  gcograpliica  das  Provincias  do  Grao  Para  e  Rio 
Negro ^  Para,  1825. 

446.  A.  D.  1852.     The  Negro  and  Naupes  by  A.  R.  Wallace. 

This  map,  made  by  Wallace  from  observations  on  the  river  in 
1850-52,  was  published  in  the  Royat  GeograpJiical  Society's  Journal, 

XXIII. 

XVI. 
LA  PLATA. 

***  Cf .  sections  XII.  and  XIV. 

—  A.  D.  1515. 

Wieser  thinks  that  the  map  in  Kunstmann  (pi.  iv. )  is  a  Portuguese 
copy  of  a  map  made  by  Solis  of  this  date. 

447.  A.  D.  1547.     La  Plata  by  Nic.  Vallard. 

It  extends  south  to  Magellan's  straits.  From  the  well-known 
atlas  in  the  Sir  Thomas  Phillipp's  Collection,  marked  "Dieupour 
espoir.  Nicolas  Vallard  de  Dieppe,  1547."  It  has  been  questioned 
if  this  was  not  the  the  name  of  the  owner,  rather  than  of  the  maker  of 
the  atlas,  but  Kohl  says  the  writing  is  the  same  as  the  inscriptions 
contained  on  the  maps.  The  tropic  of  Capricorn  is  marked,  but  the 
degrees  of  latitude,  though  traced,  are  not  numbered.  The  names 
are  mostly  Portuguese,  but  with  an  occasional  French  turn.  The  bay 
of  Rio  Janeiro  is  drawn  but  not  named. 

448.  A.  D.  1547.     The  Same. 

An  imperfect  sketch,  without  annotation. 

449.  A.  D.  1597.     La  Plata  by  Wytfliet. 

A  corrected  sketch,  without  annotation. 

450.  A.  D.  1598.     Mouth  of  the  La  Plata. 

A  Dutch  map,  which  accompanied  an  account  of  a  voyage  made 
from  Holland  in  1598  by  the  Dutch  admiral,  Lauren  Bicker. 

451.  A.  D.  1600.     La  Plata. 

A  Spanish  map  published  by  Jodocus  Hondius  in  his  Atlas  in  1607. 


Maps  Relating  to  A)}ic)'ica  167 

452.  A.  D.  1630-35.     Parana  and  Uruguay  Rivers. 

The  earliest  map  constructed  by  the  Jesuit  missionaries,  and  pub- 
lished by  Blaeu  in  his  Atlas.  It  shows  the  stations  which  were 
destroyed  and  those  which  were  spared  in  the  raids  of  the  slave  hunters 
of  St.  Paulo,  1630-35. 

—  A.  D.  1651. 

La  Plata  in  Jannson's  Minor  Atlas,  11,  421. 

453.  A.  D.  1733.     La  Plata  by  D'Anville. 

It  shows  both  coasts  of  South  America  between  iS°  and  37°  vS.  lat., 
and  represents  the  continent  as  much  narrower  than  on  earlier  maps, 

454.  A.  D.  1733.     The  Same. 
Without  annotation. 

455.  A.  D.  1826.     Rio  Vermejo  by  Soria. 

A  branch  of  the  La  Plata.  This  map  was  made  from  memory  after 
Francia,  the  dictator  of  Paraguay,  had  seized  the  papers  of  Dr.  Pablo 
Soria,  who  had  conducted  the  exploration  for  a  company  in  Buenos 
Ayres.  The  present  copy  follows  a  draft  made  for  the  Geographical 
Society  of  Paris.  Cf.  Sir  Woodbine  Parish's  Buenos  Ayres,  London, 
1839- 

XVII. 

PERU  AND  CHILI. 

VCf.  Sections  II.,  XII.,  and  XIII. 

456.  A.  D.  1532  (?).     Peru. 

It  extends  10°  north  and  south  of  the  equator.  It  is  French  in 
language,  but  Kohl  conjectures  that  it  follows  early  Spanish  maps 
sent  home  by  Pizarro.  It  was  in  Jomard's  possession  when  Kohl 
made  his  copy.  The  battle  of  Caxamalca  is  sketched  in  the  southern 
part  of  the  map,  and  Kohl  believes  the  original  draft  of  the  map  may 
have  been  sent  to  Spain  shortly  after  that  event. 

457.  A.  D.  i532(?).     The  Same. 

An  imperfect  sketch,  without  annotation. 

458.  A.  D.  1597.     Peru  by  Wytfliet. 

An  imperfect  sketch,  without  annotation. 

459.  A.  D.  1601.     Peru  by  Herrera. 

Follows  an  engraved  map  in  Herrera's  Descripdon  de  las  Indias, 
Madrid,  1601. 


1 68  KoJil  Collection 

460.  A.  n.  1630.     Chili,  Patagonia,  and  Magellan's  Straits. 

After  a  map  in  the  Depot  de  la  Marine  in  Paris,  made  by  the  Father 
Procurator  of  the  Jesuits  in  Chili,  who  acknowledges  his  indebtedness 
to  De  Laet,  Herrera,  and  De  Bry.  Kohl  engraves  it  in  his  Magellan' s- 
Strasse.  « 

461.  A.  D.  1631.     Peru  by  Jannson. 

This  map  is  a  published  one,  drawn  probably  eclectically  from  Her- 
rera and  other  serviceable  sources,  and  also  possibly  from  Dutch  re- 
ports. The  latitudes  are  fairly  accurate,  but  longitudes  are  not  at- 
tempted. 

462.  A.  D.  1646.     CMli  by  Ovalle. 

It  includes  Patagonia  and  the  straits  of  Magellan;  and  follows  San- 
son's reproduction  (1656)  of  the  map  of  the  Jesuit  Ovalle,  engraved 
in  Rome  in  1646.  It  resembles  no.  460,  but  is  richer  in  names,  and  is 
otherwise  an  advance  upon  that  draft. 

—  A.  D.  1651. 

Peru  in  Jannson's  Atlas  Minor ^  11,  411. 

463.  A.  D.  i7oo(?).     New  Spain  and  Peru. 

From  a  Cruising  Voyage  round  the  World  by  Capt.  JVoodes  Rogers, 
London,  1712,  where  it  was  engraved  by  J.  Senex.  The  book  gives 
no  hint  of  the  origin  of  the  map,  other  than  that  this  and  the  follow- 
ing no.  464  were  captured  by  Captain  Rogers  in  the  South  Seas. 

464.  A.  D.  i7oo(?).     Chili. 

From  the  same  work  as  no.  463,  but  it  is  not  so  accurate  a  map  for 
the  time. 

465.  A.  D.  1703.     Chili  by  Delisle. 

Not  a  very  accurate  representation  of  the  best  knowledge  of  its 
time, — as  Kohl  thinks. 

466.  A.  D.  1712.     Peru. 

This  map  is  from  the  same  sources  as  nos.  463  and  464,  and  comes 
between  them,  in  making  a  continuous  coast  line.  Kohl  gives  it  the 
date  of  Rogers'  book,  17 12,  while  he  dates  the  others  about  1700. 

467.  A.  D.  1713.     Los  Moxos. 

A  Jesuit  map  of  the  province  showing  mission  stations.  A  reduc- 
tion of  it  is  given  in  Lettrcs  Edifiantes,  vol.  viii  (17S1)  p.  337. 

468.  A.  D.  1713.     The  Same. 
Without  annotations. 


Maps  Relating  to  America  169 

469.  A.  D.  I767(?).     The  River  Marmore. 

An  undated  MS.  map  of  the  Bishopric  of  Santa  Cruz  de  la  Sierra  in 
Peru,  preserved  in  the  British  INIuseum.     It  resembles  no.  467. 

470.  A.  D.  17S1.     The  Moxos  Country. 

A  small  sketch  of  the  mission-sites  in  IMoxos. 

471.  A.  D.  17S3.     The  Missions  of  Ocopa. 

One  of  the  earliest  maps  made  by  the  missionaries  of  Ocopa.  It  is 
preserv-ed  in  the  British  ^Museum. 

472.  A.  D.  1796.     Peru  by  A.  Baleato. 

A  MS.  map  attached  to  an  official  report  (preserved  in  the  British 
Museum)  rendered  on  a  change  of  Viceroys  in  Peru  in  1796. 

473.  A.  D.  1835.     Excursions  about  Cusco. 

Maps  of  journeys  made  by  General  Miller,  engraved  in  the  Royal 
Geographical  Society's  Journal,  vol.  vi.  (1836). 

474.  A.  D.  1836.     The  Same. 
Cancelled. 

FiXAi,  NOTE  {Aug.  II,  1886).  In  adding  titles  of  maps  to  the 
enumeration  of  Dr.  Kohl,  no  attempt  has  been  made  to  give  all 
maps,  not  mentioned  by  Kohl. 

During  the  progress  of  this  "  Contribution,"  there  has  appeared  in 
the  Report  of  the  Superintendent  of  the  U.  S.  Coast  Survey,  ending 
June,  18S4  (Washington,  18S5),  as  Appendix  no.  19  (pp.  495-617),  a 
History  of  Discovery  and  Exploration  on  the  Coasts  of  the  United 
States,  by  J.  G.  Kohl,  with  this  prefatory  note:  The  historical  ac- 
counts here  given  of  discovery  and  exploration  on  the  coasts  of 
the  United  States  were  prepared  at  the  instance  of  Professor  A.  D. 
Bache,  the  superintendent  of  the  coast  survey  at  the  time  (1854) 
of  Dr.  Kohl's  visit  to  this  country.  But  a  few  years  had  then  elapsed 
since  the  beginning  of  the  survey  on  the  Pacific  coa.st,  and  the  want 
of  an  authoritative  and  connected  account  of  early  exploration 
upon  that  coast  was  greatly  felt.  Trustworthy  data  were  needed  to 
establish  the  origin  of  geographical  names,  to  decide  disputed  points 
of  orthography,  to  identify  localities  named  by  early  explorers,  and  to 
show  the  condition  of  discovery  and  fix  the  limit  of  geographical 
knowledge  at  various  periods.  The  work  undertaken  by  Dr.  Kohl 
included,  in  addition  to  the  historical  account,  a  general  maj)  illus- 
trating it,  a  collection  of  maps  showing  the  range  and  limits  ai)pertain- 
ing  to  each  discoverer  and  explorer,  a  list  of  names  of  bays,  capes, 
harbors,  etc.,  with  critical  remarks  and  a  catalogue  of  books,  maps, 
manuscripts,  etc.,  relative  to  discoveries. 

"  In  so  satisfactory  a  manner  was  this  work  jjerformed  for  the  Pacific 
coast  that  Dr.  Kohl   was  asked  to  undertake  a  similar  work  for  the 


170  Kohl  Collection 

coast  of  the  Atlantic  and  the  Gulf  of  Mexico.  Upon  its  completion, 
the  entire  work  was  deposited  for  reference  in  the  archives  of  the  Sur- 
vey. Means  for  its  publication  as  a  whole  not  having  been  available, 
it  has  now  been  deemed  advisable  to  publish  the  historical  portion. 
To  each  memoir  is  appended  a  list  of  the  collection  of  maps.  Some  of 
these  maps  are  copied  from  originals,  others  from  old  manuscripts  or 
rare  prints,  and  those  of  more  modern  origin  are  of  interest  as  links  in 
the  chain  of  historical  connection."  The  paper  of  Kohl  which  follows 
is  divided  into  three  parts:  I.,  the  Atlantic  coast;  II.,  the'Gulf  of  Mex- 
ico; III.,  the  Pacific  coast. 

If  these  "historical  accounts"  had  been  published  at  the  time, 
thirty  years  ago,  they  would  have  shown  the  best  results  in  this  line 
of  research  then  produced.  At  the  present  date  Kohl's  views  are  in 
large  part  antiquated,  and  his  knowledge  is  in  important  particulars 
insufficient  or  erroneous.  The  publication  of  the  papers  uncorrected 
and  unexplained  is,  accordingly,  an  injury  to  his  memory,  and  of 
little  use  to  the  student,  except  as  indicating  the  condition  of  knowl- 
edge at  that  time.  Kohl,  before  he  died,  and  in  the  light  of  his  in- 
creasing knowledge,  spoke  disparagingly  of  the  work  he  did  at  that 
time. 


INDEX 


The  numbers  refer  to  the  numerical  arrangement  of  titles 


197 


210 
20S 


Number 

Aa,  P.  van  der 100,  206,  22S,  2S9,  294 

Abu  Rihan 6 

Abul  Hassan  ali  Ibn  lunis 6 

Acadia.     1610 

1612-13  

i6<>3 

Acrelius,  I 

Acuna,  C.  d' 433, 436, 437 

Acunha.     See  Acutia. 

Admiral's  map 32,  iSo,  225,  246 

Agnese,  B » 39,41,42. 

52,  56,  60,  64,69,  iSo,  iSi, 
1S3,  276,  277,279,317,318 

Aguilar,  M.  d' 292,  294,  300 

Ailly,  P.  d'  i6 

Alarcon,  H.  de 277,  278,  279 

Alaska.     175S 294 

1768 336 

1769 337 

1775 338 

177^' 295 

1854 312 

Albemarle  sound.     1590 191 

Albi.    Biblioth^ue 4 

Alby.     library  of.     See  Albi.   Bib- 

liotheque. 
Alcala-Galiano.     See    Kspino.sa    y 

Tello,  J. 

Aleutian  islands.    1769 337 

Alexander,  ship 140 

Alexander,  J.  E 388 

Alexander.  Sir  W 122.  167,  202 

Alfonse  le  Saintongeois,  /.  ^..  Jehan 

Fonteneau,  ktiown  as. .   104,  15:,  154,  iSi 

AUard,  C 210,  214,  288,  369 

Allmaud;  P 179 

Alonzo  V 21 

Alzate  y  Ramirez,  J.  A 270,  289,  294 

Amazon  river.     1558 429, 430 

1.595? .374 

1656 433 

1700? 435 

1703 4.3'' 

1707 438 

1741 439 

1751  441 


Amazon  river.     1769 

1S25  

1500 


America. 


Number 
. . .  .  442 
■ ■ • •  445 
. . .  .   26,  27 


372 


52S 

534 47 

54-? 60 

541 53.54 


542 
543 
544 
545 
546 


547 253,  254 

549 59 

554 64,357 

556 66,183,357 

558 67,279 

558-80 66 

560 68, 69,  279 

561 60,  279 

563 69 

566 69 

56S 70.  279 

570 72,  185,279 


72 

73 

S3 

83,365 

84 

84 

2S2 

87 

601  88,282,367 

88 

367 

197 

202 

90 


574  ■ • ■ 

575  •  •  • 
589  ••■ 
,593  ■  •  • 
594  ■•• 
59.5-98 
600  . . . 
600?  ... 


602 

603 

613 

622 

625 

625-30 363 

630 92,  284 

635 286 

636 206 

644 100 

646 100 

652 100,  207 


(171) 


1/2 


KoJiI  Collection 


Number 

America.     1655 100 

1656-63 100 

i^S7-S3 ^87 

1663 210,287 

1666 100 

1670 100 

'-670-73 210 

1700 100 

1724 23S 

1731 \<x> 

1 73S 100,  224 

'747 224 

1 760 100,  240, 294 

T762 100 

!  763 too,  294 

American  antiquarian  society.  43, 44,  276 
American     geographical    society. 

Journal 28 

Amich,  Father  J 442 

Amoretti,  C 393 

Ancuparius.     .S^^Aucuparius,  T. 

Andreas,  A.  T 177,  228,  238 

Anegoda  island.     1852 272 

Anghieri,  P.  M.  d' . . . .  26,  27, 29, 30, 47,  79, 
1S8,  246,  250,  255,  280, 362 

Anian,  Straits  of.     1570 324 

1574 325 

1597 326 

Annapolis    basin.      Nova    Scotia. 

1609 197 

Ansa,  J.  B.  de 297 

Anson,  G 290,  291 

Antarctic  continent.     15S7 396 

regions.     1833 420 

Antilles.     1463 245 

1528 249 

-.-29 249 

1540-50 252 

1542 252 

157S 260 

1 601 266 

Anville,  J.  B.  B.  d'. . . .  100,  224,  238,  240,  241, 

378,  381, 382, 583, 453, 454 
Anzeiger  fiir  kunde  der  teutschen 

vorzeit.     Munich.     1836 5, 6,  1 1 

Apalache,  1597 264 

Apianus,  P  . . .  36,  37, 52, 62,  74, 180,  246,  276 

Apocalypse 5,8 

Arber,  E 198 

Arctic  regions.    1496-1631 100 

1542 104 

'544 104 

1578 108 

1580 109 

1585-S7 109 

' 1,592 112 

160-? 116 

■- 1600 :i7 

-— 1611 , 118 


Number 

Arctic  regions.    1612 121 


1616 
1662 


1774 
i7'=!3 
iSii 
iSiS 


1 1 9, 1 20 

125 

135 

136 

140 

140 

- — -  1S18-23 140 

1S19-20 140 

1S19-54 140 

1S20 140 

1S21-23 141 

1S23 142 

1S33 144 

1845 148 

1^51 149 

1851-52 150 

1S61-73 151 

Arras.     France.     Library 11 

Arrowsmith,  A 13S,  416 

Arthus,  G 89 

Asaph  Ben  Berechiah 6 

Asher,  G.  M 118, 119,207 


Asia.    1536 

1542  

1543 

1592  

1700  

1 721 

1728  

Asiatic  SocietJ^    Journal 

Asiatic  theory  of  North  America. 


318 
319 
320 
326 
329 
332 
333 
2 
276, 


Atlantic  islands. 

1436  

1489  


1367- 


279,  280,  282 
15 


17 

lOI 

101 

lOI 

101 
106 
106 


Atlantic  ocean.     1503 

1503-04  

1514-20  

'562  

1570  

1570 346, 347 

1598 114 

1601 117 

1606 351 

1S18 354 

Atlas  maritimus  et  commercialis  .  127 

Aucuparius,  T loi 

Avezac  de  Castera-Macaj'a,  M.  A. 

P.  d' 6,  19,  21,  29,  30,  32,  64 

Ayllon,  L.  V.  de 56,  93,  247 

Azaph.     S^^  Asaph  Ben  Berechiah. 

Azevedo,  A.  da  M 315 

'&.,M.     S^^Bellin,  N. 

Back,  Sir  G 121, 144, 147 

Back  river.     1833-34 145 

1834 146 


Maps  Rclati)ig  to  America 


^12> 


Number 
Bacque\'ille  de  la  Potherie,  -de.   219,  23S 

Baerle.  K.  von 202,  2S4 

Baffin,W 121,  133 


125 


140  " 
140  , 


72 


33 
354 


Baffin's  bay.     1636-1881 

1774  

1799  

1S18  

1S52  151 

Balboa,  V.  N 276,  372 

Baleato,  A 472 

Baltimore,  G.  Calvert,  ist  baron  .  .       206 

Bancroft,  G 176 

Bancroft,  H.  H. .  56,  183,  276,  277,  284,  286, 

2S7,  289,  291,  292,  294,  296, 
300,  301,  303,  305,  306,  311 

Barazzi,  N 52 

Barentsz,  \V 117,  iiS,  34S,  352 

Barlow,  S.  I,.  M 213,  228 

collection 22S,  231,  233 

Barnwell,  Col.  J 219 

Barrin,  R.  M.,  Marquis  de  la  Gal- 

lissonniire 128,  130 

Barrington,  D 125,  140 

Basset,  T.     See  Speed,  J. 

Basso,  F 

Beauvilliers,  Le  sieiir  de 

Bechamel,  F  

Beckford  catalogue 

Beechey,  F.  W 

Begin  ende  voortgange  vandeOost- 
Indische  Corapagnie.  1646.  See 
Conimelin,  I. 

Behaini,  M 23,  26,  27,  28 

Behaim  globe  23 

Belcher,  Sir  E 140 

Bellamont.  5'<'^  Coote,  K.,  ist  earl 
of  lifUamont. 

Belle-Foreste,  F.  de 73 

Bellero,  J 64,  183,  225,  357 

Bellin,  X 100,  134,  224,  239,  240,  291,  292 

Bellot,  J.  R 150 

Benincasa,  G 21,  22,  245 

Bering,  V.  1 293,  294,  331,  333,  334 

Bernard,  J.  F 238 

Bertelli,  F 66 

Best,  G 78,  108,  280 

Bianco,  A 18,  19 

Bibliophile,  L,e,  illustr6 6 

Bibliophile  Jacob.    See  Lacroix,  P. 
Biblioteca    nazionale    centrale   di 
Firenze.     See  Florence.     R.  Bib- 
lioteca nazionale  centrale. 

Bicker,  L 

Bienewitz.     See  Apianus,  P. 

Biographie  iiniverselle 

Blackfoot  indian 243 

Blaen 61,  127,  173,  210,  213,  287, 452 

Blanchard,  R '  227 

Blome,  R 100,  127,  210,  213,  268,  287 


450 


28 


Number 

Blundeville,  T 84 

Bodega  y  Quadra,  J.  F 295 

Bollero,  J 64 

liongars,  J 12 

Bonn&amp,  P.J.  de 240 

Bonnechose.  C.  de 240,  291 

Bordone,  B 40, 

48,  95. 103,  104,  249,  341,  372 

Boston.     Public  library 205 

Boston  harbor.    1728 219 

1733 221 

Botero,  G 84,  194,  2S4,  367 

Bougainville,  I,.  A.,  Conite  de (14,415 

Boulenger,  I, 32 

Bouligny,  Col.  D 242 

Bowen,  E 100,  224,  292 

Brazil.    1500 422 

1525 423 

- —  1542 424 

1546 425 

1547 426 

1556 427 

1558 428 

1561  431 

1578 431 

1651  432 

1695 434 

Breese,  S 179,  22S.  236 

Brentano,  C 385 

Bres.sani,  F.  G 210 

Brevoort,  J.  C 29, 30. 41, 42,  32,  69.  102 

Brief,  A,  description  of  the  prov- 
ince of  Carolina.    1666 210 

Briggs,  H 100,  203,  2S4 

British  Guiana.     1832 388 

1834 3S9 

1836 390,  391 ,  392 

Brodhead,  J.  R 199 

Brouwer,  H 369 

Brown,  R 39 

Brussels.     Biblioth^ue  royale  de 
Belgique.     Bibliolhique  de  Bour- 

gogne 9 

Library 12 

Bry,  T,  de 84,  117,  119,  120.  185, 188, 

189. 193,  225,  2S2,  34S,  349,  350, 
352.  363. 364.  37^  397.  402, 460 

Buache,  J.N 339 

Buache,  P 100, 

239,  284,  286,  2S9,  292,  294,  334 

Bnchan,  Capl.  D  354 

Buck,  Capt.    See  Back,  Sir  G. 

Buenos  Ayres.    1700? 411 

Burney.J 33'' 

Burton,  R 100 

Bylot,  R I2^ 

Byron,  J 4i.S 

Calxjt,  S 26.27, 

29,30,56,81,225.252,277,355 


1/4 


KoJil  Collection 


Number 

Cabral,  r.  A 25, 32 

Cabrillo,  J.  R 66,  27S 

California.     1541  277 

27S 

280 

2S1 

283,284 

2S7 


1546  .. 
157S  . . 
1592  .. 
1602  . . 
1656  . . 
1740  . . 

1743  ■• 
1772  , . 

■  1775  ■• 

■  1778  .. 
1782  .. 
17S7  .. 


290 

291 

294 

295 

296 

297 

301 

1792 307,  308, 309 

California,  Gulf  of.     1535 276 

1604 284 

1630 2S6 

1 701 2S9 

1 746 292 

Callapoda.     See  Sideri,  G. 

Camargo,  A.  de 394 

Camden,  W 12 

earners,  J 36 

Caniotii,  J.  F 69 

Campanius  Hohn,  T 100,  207,  216,  237 

Camus,  A.  G 120 

Canada.     Parliamentary    library. 

See  Toronto.     I^ibrary  of  Parlia-  " 
ment. 

1508 


Canada. 

1521 

1532 

1534 

1542 

1546 

1548 


155-? 157,158 

1553 104 

1556 159-  i59« 

1558 161,162 

1575 163 

1597 164 

1609 118, 165, 197 

161 2 165 

1613 165, 166 

1625 167 

1630 169 

1632 170,  204 

1640? 172 

1647 172 

1656 125, 172,  210 

1659 210 

1660 125, 173,  210 

1662 173 

■ 1666 175 

1668 175 

1673 176 


Number 

Canada.     1674 228 

1676 177 

1677 178 

](>79 17S 

i6,Si   17S 

16.S3 179,  211,  212 

1684-86 1 79 

1(185 179 

i^'8S 213,  233 

"'89 235 

1(189-99 235 

1(191   180,  235 

I<)92 180 

1696 180 

1(199 180 

1703 237 

1705 237 

1709 100,  180,  217 

1716? 127 

1722 219,  23S 


1 729 238 

1730? 128 

1730 129 

1740 130 

1753 224 

1755 240 

1760 240 

1762 240 

1789-93 138 

Canale,  M 88 

"Candida"  map 172 

Cano,  S.  de 317 

Cano  y  Olmadilla,  J.  de  la   Cruz. 

See  Cniz  Cano  y  Olmadilla,  J. 

de  la. 

Cantino  map 93, 180, 246 

Cape  Horn.    1624 406 

1824 418 

Carballo,  P.  M 444 

Cardiel,  J 414 

Carignano,  G.  de 11 

Carolina.    1662 

1666  

1670  

1676  

1682  


210 

210 

210 

210 

211,  212 

i  1684 213 

1700? 214 

1709 217 

1720? 219 

1722 238 

1741 239 

Caron,  F 328 

Cartas  de  Indias.     See  Spain.     Mi- 
jiislerio  defomento. 

Carter-Brown  library '31, 36, 102,  276 

Carteret,  P 415 

Cartier,  J 43, 44,  no,  154, 159 


Maps  Relating  to  America 


175 


Kmiiber 

Carver,  J 241 

Cassano  Serra,  Duke  de 63 

Cassell,  J 169, 199,  213,  214,  220,  237 

Castiglione,  M 41,42 

Castillo,  D.  del 277,  279 

Catalan  inappenionde 16 

Cavendish,  T 82, 86,  284,  290 

Cecco  d'Ascoli.     See  Stabili,  F. 
Cellarius.     See  Keller,  C. 

Central  America.    1534 276 

1536 276 

1539 276 

1542 277 

1543 277 

1554 279 

1556 279 

1597 261,  262 

Cernot,  L 114 

Cespedes.      See    Garcia    de    Ces- 
pedes,  A. 

Champlain,  S.  de 120, 165, 169, 170, 

171,  173. 178, 195, 196, 197,  204 

Champlain,  Lake.     1666 174,175 

Chapelain,  J T22 

Charle.s  V  portnlano 52, 180,  276 

Charleston.  5.  Car.     1733 222 

Charlevoix,  P.  F.  X.de.  41,42, 100,  239,  291 

Charton,  E.T 1,2,3 

Chatham  harbor.    Cape  Cod.   :6o6.       195 

Chaves,  X.  de iSo,  367 

Chesapeake  bay.    1651 207 

1728 219 

Chile.    1630 460 

1646 462 

1700? 464 

1703 465 

China.    1457 313 

1550 321 

i55« 322 

1609 327 

Cimberlinus,  J.  P 6g 

Claeszoon,  C 117 

Cluny,  Capt.  A 224 

Cnoj'en,  J 116 

Cock,  H 106, 184,  359 

Colbert,  J.  IJ 229 

Collin.son,  Sir  R 78,  108 

Colon.     See  Columbus,  F. 

Colorado  river.    1541 277 

Columbus,  C 7, 19,  21,  23,  26,  27, 

28,32,33,37,40,53,54.314 

Columbus,  F 38,  276 

Commelin,  1 34S 

Condamine.     See  La  Condaraine. 

Congr^s  des  Americanistes 22S 

Consag,  F 292 

Cook,  Capl.  J 296 

Coote,  K. ,  nl  earl  of  BeUamottl ....       215 
Coppo,  P 40 


Number 
Coraes.     See  Cordes,  S.  de. 

Cordes,  .S.  de 398 

Cordier,  H 180 

Coronelli,  V 180,  213, 

233,235,237,287,288,434 

Coronelli's  globe.    1683 288 

Corsali,  A 26,  27 

Cortambert,  E 6 

Cortereal,  G 26,  27, 32, 102 

Cortes,  F 225,  248,  276,  279 

Cortes,  M ii5 

Cosa,  J.  de  la 26,  27,  32,  iSo,  246, 422 

Cosmas 3 

Cosmographial  introduction.     See 
Wald.seemiiller,  M. 

Cossin,  J 72 

Costa  Rica.    1836 274 

Costo,  G 88 

Cottonian  mss 10 

Courcelles,  D.  de  R.,  Seigneur  de. .       174 

Courtena5',  W.  A 214 

Covens,  C 100,  127,  2SS,  292 

Coxe,  D 23S,  239 

Coxe,  W 335,  337 

Cranz,  D 136 

Creuxius.     See  Du  Creux,  F. 

Crdvecoeur,  M.  G.  St.  J.  de 137 

Croix.     See  La  Croix,  F.  de. 

Crouch,  N 100 

Cruz  Cano  y  Olmadilla,  J.  de  la.  386,415 

Cuba.    1564 259 

1597 264 

Cusco.    1835 473 

1836 474 

Daly,  C.  P 3, 5, 8, 9,  21, 31 

Danckers,  J 210 

Danet,  G 100 

Dapper,  O 210 

Darby,  W 238 

Dauphin  map 58, 104 

Davezac.    See  Avezac. 

Davis,  J 210 

Davis,  W.  T 197 

Davity,  P 2S6 

Deane,  C 102,  211,  212 

De  Bouligny.    See  Bouligny,  Col.  D. 
De  I5ry.     See  Bry,  1*.  de. 

De  Costa,  B.  F 19, 41, 42,  iSo 

Dee,  J 96, 107, 109, 18S,  225,  2S0 

De  Haven,  Lieut.  E.  J 149 

De  Laet.    See  Laet,  J.  de. 

Delaware  bay.    1651 207 

1698 214 

1728 2ig 

river.    1654 20S 

Delisle,  G icx>, 

127,  237,  238,  286,  288,  289, 

292,  294,  334,  43'i,  437,  4^'.S 

Dellius,  G 215 


176 


Kohl  Collection 


Number 

Denys,  J 41,42,151,  159 

Department   of   State.     See  V .   S. 

Department  of  State. 
D^p6t  des  cartes  de  la  marine.    See 

France.     Dt-pbt  des  cartes  de  la 

marine. 

De  principiis  astronomie 4.3, 44 

De  Qiiir.     See  Queiros,  P.  F.  de. 

Desceliens,  P 58, 61, 156 

De   S^rigny.     See  Le   Moyne,    J., 

Sieur  de  S^rignj-. 

Desimoni,  C 29, 30, 33, 39 

Des  I.iens,  N    69, 94, 185,  225,  279 

De  Soto,  F 185,  203,  226,  237,  238.  255 

Diegus.     See  Homem. 

Dieppe,  R 117 

Dijon.     France 7 

Diron  d'Artaguitte,  Sieur 23S 

Dixon,  G 301 

Dobb,  A. 291,  292 

Doetechum,  J 362 

Dolfinatto,  N.  del 68 

Dollier  de  Casson,  F 176 

Doncker,  H  210 

Douce  collection 183 

Douglass,  W 100,  224 

Douniol,  C 227 

Doyle,  W 292 

Drage,  T.  S 125,  131 

Drake,  Sir  F 80, 82, 84, 86, 91, 96,  194, 

281, 284,  285,  286,  293,  394 
Dresden.     Royal  library  ...  56,  70, 94,  185 

Du  Creux,  F 125, 173,210 

Dudley,  R .  125, 172,  206,  207, 267,  285,  286,407 

Dumont,  G.  M.  B 240 

Dun,  S 135 

Du  Tralage,  J.N 180,  213,  233 

Du  Val,  P 125, 178 

East  Indies.    1568 323 

Edrisi 9 

Egede,  H 130 

Egerton  mss 17,  22, 90 

Eggleston,  E 188 

Egle,  W.  H 207 

Elisa,  F 303 

Ellis,  F.  S 277 

Ellis,  H 132, 133 

Enciso,  M.  F.  de 33 

Engel,  M 339 

Engel.  S 224,  292 

English  pilot 130,  224 

Erie,  Lake.    168S iSo 

Erizzo  familj'.     Venice 52 

Ernest  II,  A.  C.  J.  L.  A.  E.,  Duke  of 

Saxe-Coboiirg-Gotha 11 

Escalante,  S.  Velez  de.    5i;^  Velez 

de  Escalante,  S. 

Espinosa  y  Tello,  J 283, 

300,302,304,308,311 


Number 
Este  family.     Modena 26,27 


Europe. 

1540 

1548  . 

1595 

1773 


340 
342 
343 
349 
353 


Kvans,  L 224 

F. ,  L.     See  Friess,  L 

Faillon,  F).  M.,  Abbe 165, 174,  175, 197 

Falkland  islands.  East.    1833 421 

Farrer,  V 207,  286 

Favoli,  H 72, 185 

Fer,  N.  de 218,  237 

Fermo.     Biblioteca  comunale 61 

Ferrelo,  B 278 

Ferrero.     See  Ferrelo,  B. 

Fidler,  P 139,  243 

Fiedler.     See  Fidler,  P. 

"  Figurative  map" 199 

Finseus,  O 43, 44, 46, 180,  276, 393 

Florence.    Archives 11 

R.  Biblioteca  mediceo-lauren- 

ziana 11,16,39,56,90 

R.    Biblioteca  nazionale  cen- 

trale 16,19,56,88 

R.  Biblioteca  Riccardiana  ...        61, 

104, 181,  276,  279 

Royal  library i8i 

Flores  historiarum   10 

Florida,  1565 185 

1597 264 

1613 197 

■ — -  1618 200 

1625 203 

1630 267 

• 1635 206 

Floridus.    See  Lambertus. 

Folger,  Capt.  T 225 

F'ont,  P 296 

Fonte,  B.  de 286,  293,  294,  311, 334 

Force,  P 149 

Forlani.  P.  di 66, 68, 69,  79, 

258>  259,  279,  325,  360, 361 

Forster,  G 305 

Forster,  J.  R 136 

Fortunate  islands 12 

Fowle,  \V.  B 205 

Fox,  L, 123, 125, 133 

Fracastoro,  H 66 

Fraraezini.     See  Tramesini,  M. 
France.     Archives  scientifiques   de 

la  marine 237,  238,  239 

France.    Bibliothdque  Xationale. .      1,6, 
9,  II,  16, 69,  72, 180, 185,  228,  233, 238 
France.     Dipbt  des  cartes  et  plans 

de  la  marine 61, 63, 

128, 129, 130, 172,  174, 176, 177, 

229,  238,  240,  242, 367,  435,  460 

Francisco,  D 301 


Maps  Relating  to  America 


177 


Number 
Franciscus,      Monachus       or  dints 

Franciscani 37, 180,  276 

Frankfort  globe 34 

Franklin,  B 225 

Franklin,  Sir  J 140, 149 

expedition 148 

Franquelin,  J.  B.  L 100, 178, 179, 

iSo,  213,  22S,  229,  231,  232,  288 

Freducci,  Conte  di  O 25 

Freire,  J    58, 107,  152, 153, 181, 

278,  279,  321,  344, 394, 425, 428 

French,  B.  F  227,  237 

French  Guiana.     1729 381, 382 

Frezier,  A.  F 412, 413 

Friendl}'  Cove.     V^ancouver  Island. 

1791 304 

1792 310 

Friess,  I, 37, 

93,  loi,  102, 180,  248, 371, 423 

Frisius,  G  37, 62 

Fritz,  FatJier  S 443, 435. 438, 439 

Frobisher,  M 7S,  80,  84, 108,  280 

Frondat,  N.  de 290 

Fronolat.     See  Frondat. 

Frontenac,  I<.  de  B..  Comte  de. . .   177,  233 

Fuca,  J.  de 270,  292,  294, 300 

Gaetano,  J 290 

Gaffarel,  P 58, 185, 427 

Galiano,  D 308,  311 

Galindo,  J 273,  274 

Galin^e,  R.  B.  de 176 

Galissouiere.     SeeX,a.  Galissonifire. 

Gallaeus,  P 72, 185,  279, 361 

Gama,  V.  da 23,  25, 334 

Gand,  l,ibrary  at.    SeeChent.    Li- 
brary. 

Garay,  F.  de 248 

Garcia  de  Cespedes,  A  . . .  89, 194,  284,  367 

Garcia  de  Nodal,  B 404, 408 

Garcia  de  Toreno,  N 38 

Gastaldi,  J 66,68,69, 104.  'S^. 

159a,  181,  279 

Gay,  S.  H 189,  208, 210 

Georgia.    1733 238 

Gerritz,  H 9°.  92, 284 

Ghent.    I,ibrar\' 9 

Ghillany,  F.  W 26,  27,  28,  35, 69 

Gibson,  J 224 

Gilbert,  Sir  H 74,  279 

Giraldi,  G 17 

Girava,  H 66,  279 

Gisalfo,  F  61 

Globes 23,  28, 34,  35, 37, 55, 61, 

69,  72, 83,  85,  180,  t8i,  193,  225, 
246,  276,  277, 281,  288,  326,  354 
Gloucester   harlx>r.       Cape   Ann. 

1606 196 

Gold.son,  W 311 

Gomara,  F.  L.  de 64,  394 

1 1606 — 04 12 


Number 

Goos,  A 90 

Goos,  P 1 26 

Gotha.     Ducal  librarj- 56 

Gotha,  Duke  of.  See  Ernest  II. 
A.  C.  J.  L.  A.  E..  Duke  of  Saxe- 
Cobourg-Golha. 

Graham,  A 215 

Gravier,  G  22S,  237 

Gra J-,  Capt.  R 305 

Great  Britain.  British  Museum  . .  6, 
9.  io>  13,  17,  22,  23,29,30,39, 
40,41,42,43,44,45,  52,  55,  56, 
60,61,  63,65,67,69,  71,  75,77, 
78,86,  87,  90,  95,  96,  100,  106, 
no,  120,  121, 160,  161, 163,  165, 
181, 182, 183,  186,  187,  188, 1S9, 
197,  205,  210,  214,  220,  224,  248, 
251,  252,  257,  260, 270,  276,  280, 
296, 297, 298,  299, 313, 317,  319, 
322, 325, 327, 355-  360, 361,  368, 
373. 374. 395, 396, 409, 4ii,  4I7, 
428,  431,  440,442,469,471,472 

Great  Lakes.    1675 177 

1683? 179 

1688 iSo 

1703 :8o 

Greenland.    1503-1525 loi 

1525 102 

1532 102 

1547 104 

1567 106 

159-? "5 

1597 113 

1608 r  18 

1612-13 120 

1625 123 

1631  ..  124 

1669 126 

1720 127 

1741 130 

1765 136 

1773 353 

1799 140 

1822 141 

1824 143 

Grenville  collection 40 

Griffin,  A.  P.  C 21S,  228,  237 

Grillet,  J 382 

Grinnell  Land.     1850-51 149 

GryiiSEUs,  S 46, 65 

Gualle,  F.  de 290 

Gudmundi,  J 347 

Giissefeldt,  F.  L »i.42 

Guiana.    1619 376 

1656 378 

1669 379 

Guibert,  M.  C 58 

Guillaume  de  Trii>oli 11 

Gulf  Stream.     1787 225 


178 


Kohl  CoUcctio7t 


Number 

Gumilla.  J 3S4.3S5 

Gutierrez,  D 61, 

69, 106, 184, 359 

Hack,  \V 213 

Haiti.    1534 250 

1556 256 

1564 258 

Hakluyt,  R 39,  79, 

So,  84,  S6, 90, 97, 188,280, 362 

society 9I1 97i 

100,  loS,  log,  117, 118,  119, 
121,  122,  125,  194,350-352 

Hale,  E.  E 276 

Hall,  C.  K 140,  148 

Harleiaii  niss 9 

Harmon,  D.  W 141 

Harris,  J 289 

Harrisse,  H 26,  27,  28,  29, 30, 32, 

33,  37>  38,  40,  41.42,  48,55, 
56,  58, 61, 63, 67, 69,  72, 100, 
118,151,1593,172,  173,  174, 
175,  176,  I77i  178,  179,  iSo, 
228,  229,  231,  233,  235,  252 

Har\-ard  university  library 28,52, 

94, 120, 132,  218,  231,  360 

Haske,  J 100 

Haswell,  R 311 

Hawks,  F.  L 189,  210 

Hayes,  I.  1 121 

Head,  H.N 143 

Hemisphere,  Southern.   1833 420 

Western.    1574 361 

1603 284 

1613 197 

Hennepin,  X, 100,179,211,212,214, 

230,  231,  236, 238,  287, 328 

Henri,  Chanoine  de  Mayence 9 

Henry  II  map 58, 104, 181, 343 

Heredia,  R 29,  30 

Hereford  map 10 

Hermano,  D 361 

Herrera,  A.  de 88,89,  i94, 

225,  265, 266,  282,  284,  2S9, 
367,436,437,459,460,461 

Hexham,  H 100,  125,  206 

Heylin,  P 100,  2io,  287,  369 

Hilhouse,  W 387,  3S9 

Hilton,  W 210 

Hispaniola.     See  Haiti. 

Hobart,  R.,  Lord 21 

Hojeda,  A.  de 32 

Hollar,  W 100 

Holniberg,  H.  J 312 

Homann,  J.  B  . . .   100,  238,  276, 289,  292, 331 

Homem,  D 45, 60, 67,  70,  74, 

94, 161,  162,  183,  185,  225,  257, 

279,  322, 323,  359,  428,  429,  430 

Homo,  A 67 


Number 

Hondius.  J 82, 

85,90,91, 100, 116,  iiS,  120, 125, 
194, 197, 203,  206,  225,  259,  284, 
286,362,368,  394,  397,  398,  451 

Hondius  globe 85 

Honter,  J 55, 69,  279 

Hood,  T 193 

Hoorii,  W.  S.  van  403 

Hopke,  D 25 

Home,  R 210 

Huallaga  river.    1790 443 

1S14 444 

Hubbard,  W 210 

Hud.son,H 118,119,120  122,133 

bay.     1619 122 

1631 124 

16S5  .■ 127 

1687 127 

1746 131 

1746-47 132 

1748 133 

1763 134 

1774 135 

company 243 

country.    1740 130 

1785 137 

1790 139 

1820 141 

Hudson  strait.    1613 284 

1615 121 

1619 122 

1624 122 

1624-30 122 

1836-37 147 

Hulsius,  I, 198,  366, 401, 432 

Humbolt,  A.,  i.  «.,  F.  W.  H.  A 3, 19, 

26,  27,  28 
Hunter.     See  Honter,  J. 

Hurlbut,  H.  H 227 

Huron,  Lake.    1670 176,227 

Huske,  J 224,  240 

Hygden,  R 13, 14 

Hylacomylus.      See  Waldseemiil- 

ler,  M. 
Iceland.    1558 105 

159-? 115 

1612 118 

1644-63 125 

Imago  Mundi  9 

India.    1490 314 

Indian  map 220,  234,  243 

Inglefield,  Capt.  E.  A 121, 151 

Ingraham,  Capt.  ^ 305,306,310 

Iroquois  Indians  175 

Ir\-ing,  W 26,27 

Isbister,  A.  K 148 

Isingrinus,  M 320 

Jacob,  Bibliophile.    5^£lYacroix,  P. 


Maps  Relating  to  America 


179 


Number 

Jacobsz,  A 201 

Jaillot,  H 100, 127,  T79,  iSo,  235,  2SS 

Jamaica.    1671 26S 

James,  Capt.  T 124, 133 

Jansson,  J 100,  207,  225,  267,  286,  36S, 

377;  403, 40S,  432>  452. 461, 462 

Janvier,  J. . .   100,  240,  294,  300 

Japan.    1457 313 

1550 321 

1592 


1636 


326 
327 
328 


Japanese  map 294, 325 

JefferT,-s,  T 224,  225,  240,  241,  290, 

293>  294,  295, 338 

Jesuit  Relations 173>  175, 176,  227 

Jesuits 285 

Jode,  C.  de S3, 9S,  193,  282,  365 

Joliet,  L 100, 177, 178,  228 

Jomard,  E.  V 4, 6, 8, 10, 11, 

12, 15, 17,  26, 27, 34, 55, 156, 
iSi,  255,  279,  343,  358,  456 

Jones,  W 188 

Josselyn,  J  21S 

Joutel,  H 218,  237,  238 

Juan  da  Napoli 17 

Juan  de  Fuca  straits.    1791 303 

Judaeis.    See  Jode,  C.  de. 

Kaempfer,  E 338 

Kamtschatca.    172- ? 331 

1769 337 

Kane,  E.  K 121 

Kas\-ini,  or  Kasuini 11 

Keith,  Sir  W 100,  224 

Keller,  C 78 

Kenipfer.     See  Kaempfer,  E. 

Kennedy,  W 150 

Ker.  J 23S 

Keulen,  G.  van 23S,  380 

King,  Capt.  P.  P 419 

Kino,  Father  P'.  V 270,  289 

Kircher,  A 100 

Kitchen,  T 240 

Koerius,  P 100,207,286,407 

Krenitzin,  Capt.  P.  R 337 

Kriinitz,  J.  O 130 

Kiihn.    See    Kino,  Father  ]•',.  V. 

Kunstmann,  F  26, 

27,  28,  32,  33,  loi,  193,  276,  446 

I,aborde,  J.  B .   292 

Labrador.    1525 102 

l.S.M 103 

1546 I.S2 

1597 113 

1612-I3 197 

La  Condamine,  C.  M.  de 438, 439 

I^  Cosa.     See  Cosa,  J.  de  la. 

La  Croix,  F.  de 231 

Lacroix,  P 77 


Number 

Laet,  J.  de 92,  169, 

200,  203,  204,  284, 
368,  436,  437,  460 

Lafitau,  J.  F 238 

Laf reri,  A 66 

La  Galissoniere.    5f(?Barrin,  R.M., 

Marquis  de  la  Gallissotttiihe. 

La  Hontan,  N.  /^  baron  de 100, 

180,217,234,237,239 

Lamb,  F 210 

Lambertus 9 

Lane,  R  iSg 

Lange,  L 332 

Laon  globe 21 

La  P6rou.se,  J.  P".  G.  de 300 

La  Peyrere,  I  de 122,  125 

La  Plata.     See  Rio  de  la  Plata. 

La  Popelini^re,  H.  L- V.  de . . .  78, 18S,  280 

La  Potherie.     See  Bacqueville  de 

la  Potherie, de. 

La  Rochefoucauld,  Due  de 137 

La  Sagra.     See  Sagra,  R.  de  la. 

La  Salle,  R.  C.  de 16,  238 

Laudonniere,  R.  de 1S5 

Laurie,  R 140 

Laussat,  P.  C.  de 242 

Laval,  A.  de 241 

I,a    Varenne    de     La    Verendrye, 

P.  G 128, 129,  130 

Lavvson,  J 217,  237 

Lazari,  V 20 

Leardo,  G 20 

Leclerc,  C 33 

Leclercq,  C 100,  213,  235 

Leguina.  E.  de 26,  27 

Leip.'^ic  lil)rary :o 

Lederer,  J 210 

Lelewel,  J 4, 5, 

•  6,8,9,10,11,12,14,16,17, 

19, 21,  23,  24,  26,  27,  28,  29, 

30,  32,35. 37>  40, 41, 42, 52. 
56,  72,  105,  163,  185,  276 

Lelong,  P 175 

I,emaire,  1 368, 403 

Lemaire,  J 403 

Lemoyne,  J.,  Sieur  de  Serigny  ....       238 

Le  Moyne  de  Morgues,  J 1S5 

Lenox  glol>e 28,  246 

library 47 

woodcut iSo,  24S,  276 

Le  Page  du  Pratz, 240 

Lepe,  I),  de 422 

Le  Ro\ige,  G.I 240 

Lescarbot,  M i  iS, 

120,  165,  167,  169,  197,  200,  203 

Lester,  p: 88 

Le  Testu,  G  65 

Lettres  edifiantes 2S9,  438,  467 

Levashefl,  Lieut.  M 337 


i8o 


Kohl  CoUectioti 


Number 

T^evassf ur,  G 117 

I,evo\v,  1 336 

Libri     Carrucci    dalla     Sommaia, 

G.  15.  I,  T.,  Count 4,  153 

Liens.     See.  Des  L,iens.  N. 

Lindsey,  C 23S 

Lindstrdni,  P 208 

Linschoten,  J.  H.  van 84,  100, 

1 17.  193.  194,  282, 349, 366, 407 

l,oew,  C 84 

Lok,  J 97, 188, 280 

lyOiidon  magazine.    1764 335 

London.     Middle  Temple 2S1,  326 

— —  State  paper  office 215,  219 

Long  river.    16S9 234,  239 

Loon,  J.  van 125,  210,  287 

Lopez,  J 271a 

Lorenzana  y  Butron,  F.  A.,  Car- 

dinal 277 

Louisiana.    16S4 231 

1685 231 

1703 237 

■ 1712 237 

1713 237 

■ 1715 237 

-  1719 238 

1719-20 238 

1 720 238 

1726 238 

1 729 238 

1732 238 

1740 238 

1743 239 

1750 240 

1753 240 

1755 240 

1757 240 

1760 240 

— —  1764 240 

Lower  California.    1532-40 276 

1539 276 

1546 279 

!548 279 

1622 284 

1625 284 

1661 287 

:  746 292 

767 294 

17S7 3or 

Lucas,  P 328 

Lugtenberg, 330 

Luis,  L •  •  •      151 

Lumley,  Lord  J 45 

Lutwidge,  Capi.  S 135 

Luzerne.     Archives 11 

M  *  *  *.     See  Engel,  S. 

Mackenzie,  A 138 

Madeira  river.    1749 440 

Maffei,  G.  P 83, 193,  282,  365 


Number 
Maffeius.     See  Maffei,  G.  P. 

Magalhaes,  K.  de 316, 317, 372, 393. 394 

Magazine  of  American  historj' 28, 

197,  218, 228,  237 

Magazin  pittoresque 5, 14 

Magellan,  F.  See  Magalhaes,  F.  de. 

strait.    1521 

1546  


1587  . 

1599 

1600 

1615 

1630 

1651 

1666 

1670 

■ 1714 

1766 


393 

394 
396 
397 
398 
402 
460 
407 


409 

412,413 

414 

Maggiolo,  V 29, 

30, 33, 39, 58, 180,  225, 248, 276 

Magninus 85 

Magnus,  O 345 

Mahn.     See  Mahu,  J. 

Mahu,  J 398 

Maiolo.    See  Maggiolo,  V. 

Major,  R.  H 31, 52, 156 

Maldonado,  L-  F 292 

Malte-Brun,  C 52, 58, 181, 355 

Mantua.     Museo  Comunale 20 

Maou,  goddess i 

Marchand,  E 305 

Marcou,  J 289 

:Markhani,  Sir  C.  R 117, 125, 151 

Marmore  river.    1767? 469 

Marquette,  J 176, 177,  227,  228,  231, 233 

Martin,  F 210 

Martines,  J 63, 75,  77, 95, 

183, 186, 187, 188, 225, 260, 
279,  280, 323, 324,  361,  431 
Martyr,  P.     See  Anghieri,  P.  M.  d'. 

Maryland.    1635 206 

1676 210 

Mascaro, 297,  298,  299 

Mason,  Capt.  J 168 

Ma.ssa,  I 352 

Massachusetts  archives 118 

Bay  colony.    1634 205 

historical  society 207, 210 

Massaroony  river.    1830 3S7 

Masters,  P 275 

Mather,  C 214 

Maurelli.     See  Morelli,  A. 

Mauro,  Fra 21, 40 

Mediford,  SirT 268 

Medina,  P.  de 30, 59,  iSi,  225,  277, 355 

Mela,  P 17,  36, 46,  276 

Mendana,  A.  de 290 

Menendez  de  Aviles,  P 203 

Mercator.  A 105 


Maps  Relating  to  Aynerica 


i8i 


Number 

Mercator,  G 52i  53i 

54,71,72,78,83,84,85,86,87, 
90,  91,  100,  109,  116,  120,  125, 
1S5, 188, 193, 197,  206,  225,  279, 
280,  284,  286,  322,  359,  368,  398 

Mercator,  M 197, 284 

Mercator  gores 180, 252, 276 

Mercator's  projection 277 

"Mer  del'Ouest" 289,  292,294,  300,334 

Meroe  island 7 

Metellus,  J.  N 87, 117, 194,  282 

Meurs,  J.  von 210 

Mexicana,  ship  . .  283, 300, 302, 304, 308,  311 

Mexico.    1554 279 

1556 279 

1561 279 

1597 263 

1601 265 

1651 267 

1700  ? 463 

1712 269,  289 

1767 270,  294 

Gulf.     1520 247 

1524 248 

1536 251 

1544 252 

1555  ? 255 

1566-72 259 

Michault, 213 

Michigan,  Lake.    1673 176 

Middleton,  C 132 

Milan.    Biblioteca  Ambrosiana.. .       11, 

15,19,39,61 

Milhau,  Chevalier  de 381 

Mill,  D 100,  240 

Miller,  Gen.  W 473 

Millo,  A 61, 78 

Minet,  Le  ingtnieur 213, 231 

Mississippi  river.    1500-70 225 

155-? 182 

1558 226 

1656 257 

1670  ? 176 

1673 227,  228 

1675 177 

16S2  ? 229 

1682 230 

1683 179, 231 

1688 180,  232,  233 

1698 236,  237 

1700 237 

1701  237 

1702 237 

1703 237 

1712 237 

1713 237 

1718 237 

1719 23S 

1720 238 


Number 

Mississippi  river.    1726 238 

1730? 238 

1732 238 

1737 238 

1741 239 

1743 239 

1 755 240 

1764 240 

1767 241 

1768 241 

1795 242 

1854 244 

Missouri  river.    1795 242 

1801 243 

Mitchell,  J 240 

Moletta,  J 106 

Molineaux,  H 83,86,  iii,  117, 194 

Molineaux  globe 83, 

86, 1 1  r,  1 12, 1 13, 193, 281, 326 
Moll,  H . .  100, 125, 220, 224, 237, 238, 289,  290 

Moluccas.    1536 317 

1558 322 

Monde,  Le 286 

Mone,  F.  J 5, 6, 11 

Montanus,  A 210, 287 

Montenegro.   .S(?<?  Garcia  de  Nodal, 
B. 

Monterey,  Ca/.     1777 296 

Monterey,  Port.    1791 302 

Montigny,  D.  de 238 

Moor,  Capt.  W 131, 132, 133 

Moore,  Col.  J 219 

Moore,  Col.  M 219 

Moraza,  J 296 

Morden,  R 127, 213 

Morelli,  A 40,  295 

Mortier,  P 100, 127, 288, 292 

Morton,  N 210 

Mount  Meru 2 

Moxos.    1713 467, 468 

1781 470 

Muenster,  S  . .   21,46,52, 

56, 57, 58, 63, 86, 106, 180, 
181, 194, 276, 277, 282, 365 
Munck.    See  Muiik,  Capt.  ]. 
Munich.   R.  Hof-und  staats-biblio- 

thek 33,56,74,267 

Military  museum 315,316 

Munk,  Capt.  ] 122, 135 

Murphy,  H.  C 41,42, 151 

Musis,  J.  de 64 

Myritius,  J 79, 188,  280, 396 

Nancy  globe 61, 180,276 

Naples.     Royal  archives 69 

Napoli.    See  Juan  da  Napoli. 

Narlxjrough,  Sir  J 409, 410 

Nar\-aez,  P.  de 251 

Na.s.sau  strait.    1595 348 

Naumann,  R.,  i.  ^.  E.  W.  R 6 


l82 


Kohl  Collection 


Number 

Naupes  river.     1S52 446 

Navarrete,  K.  F.  de 225,  247,  295,  308 

Neani,  Capl.  T 237 

Neill,  e;.  D 180,  232 

New  Albion.  See  California. 

New  England.  1610 197 

1612-13 197 

1614 198 

1616 199 

1624 202 

1625 167 

- —  1634 205 

1638 207 

1650 207 

1651 207 

1662 210 

1670 176 

1673 210 

1676 177,  210 

1677 210 

l58o 210 

1685 213 

1687 213 

1688 213 

1690 213 

1696 214 

171-? 218 

1 713 218 

1728 219 

1757 224 

Newfoundland.  1534 151 

1546 153 

1556? 160 

1626 168 

1676 177 

New  France.    See  Canada. 

New  Jersey.     1698 214 

New  Mexico.     168-? 288 

1778 271 

1782 298, 299 

1795 271a 

New  Netherlands.     1616 199 

1638 207 

1656 209 

1661 210 

1662 210 

1680 210 

New  Sweden.    1654 208 

New  York.    1676 210 

1690 231 

1700 215,  216 

1701-21 216 

1702 216 

harbor.     1666 210 

1733 224 

Niagara  Falls.    1730? 238 

Nicholson,  F , 220 

Nodal.     See  Garcia  de  Nodal,  B. 
Noort,  O.  van 399,  400 


Number 

Nootka.    1792...   311 

Nordenskiold,  A.  E loi,  106 

gores  180,  246, 354 

North  America.  1525 93 

1543 320 

155-? '■ 182, 183 

1550 93 

1554 183 

1555? 255 

1558 183,  257 

1561 105, 183 

1566 94,185,279 

1568 94, 185 

1569 185 

1572 185 

1574 185 

1575 95 

1578 95. 186 

1580 96, 188,  280 

1582 97, 188,  280 

1587 188,280 

1593 98.193 

1597 282 

1600 99 

1601  282 

1613 197,284 

1621 201 

1625 100, 203 

1626 203 

1630 204 

1635 206 

1635-36? 100 

1636 206 

1638 207 

1646 207 

1650 100 

1657 100 

I66I  125 

1669 100,  210,  226 

1673 228 

1673-74 100 

1674 228 

1679-81 228 

1681-84 100 

16S2 228 

1683 100 

-  1684 213, 288 

1685-98 100 

I6S9 213 

— 1689-99 235 

1691 100,  213 

1692 235 

1692-93 100 

1694  100,288 

1697 214 

1702 100,  216 

— 1706 330 

I7I0 100 

1714-22 100 


Maps  Relating  to  A7n erica 


1S3 


777 

North  America. 
1541 

1542  

1543  

1544  

1545  

1546  


Number 
. . . .       100 

....       21S 

23S 

. .   100,  23S 

. . . .       100 


North  America.     1717 

171S  

732 

733 

740 

1741 100,224 

100 

1746-4S  

1747 

1748 

750 

1752-53  

1755 

755-56  


764 


East  coast.    1500- 


224 
100 
292 
292 
292 
240 
100 
100 
224 
224 
296 

I  So 
18 


574 


.547 154,155,18 

55- 18 

550 18 

562 163,  184 

566 185 

,.  163 

187,  188 

1580 192 

1585 188 

1592 193 

1594 193 

1596 193 

1.597 194 

1598 194 

1600 194 

1601  194 

1603 194 

1606 194 

1646 207 

1654 20S 

1675 '  210 

1742 224 

787 225 

North  America.     Northeast  coast. 

16th  century 104 

1545 151 

1548 104 

1575? 107 

1587 1 10 

1592 Ill 

1633 125 

1742 130 

North  America.     Northwest  coast. 

15S3-1600 325 

1593 282 


North  America. 

1630 

1646  


1761  ... 

1762  ... 
1768  ... 
1774-90 


1776  

17S2  

1791  

1792  

1792-^3 

1793  

North  America. 

1526  

1530? 

1532  

1532-40  

153S  

1540  

1540-50  

1541  

1555  

1636  

1640  

1651  

1652  

1655  

1659  

1663 


Number 
Northzvest  coast. 

2S5 

2S6 

293 

294 

294 

294 

294 

295 

295 

300 

305 

309 

311 

311 

276 
276 
276 
276 
276 
276 
276 
276 
276 

279 
286 
286 
286 
2S6 
2S6 
287 
287 


U^est  coast.    15 13 


1670-71 287 

1683-1704 287 

1695 288 

169S 288 

1700 2S8 

1705 289 

1707 289 

1715-17 2S9 

1719 289 

1720 289 

1726 289 

1727 289 

1728 2S9 

1741 290 

1743 291 

1 744 291 

1747 292 

1786 300 

17S7 301 

1791 305 

Norumliega.     1613 166 

Nouveaux  voyages 234 

Nouvelles  aniiales  dcs  voyages  . .  21,  20S 

202 

224 

350 

352 

35 


Nova  Scotia. 

I7.S5 

Nova  Zembla. 

1613 

Nuremberg .   , 


1624. 


■597 


1 84 


KoJiI  Collection 


Number 

Nuremberg  chronicle 24 

O'Callaghau,  Dr.  E.  B.. .  84,  170,  199,  201 

Ochagach 129 

Ocopa  missions.    17S3 471 

Ogilby,  J 100,  176,206,210,211,287 

Ohio  river.    1749 240 

1755 240 

Oldmixon,  J 100,  224,  290 

01iva,G 86 

Oliva,  J 84, 90, 1 20, 166, 197,  284, 368 

Oliva,  S 90 

Olives,  B 46, 69 

Ongania,  F 11,15,16,17,19,20,21 

Ontario,  lUike.   1666 174,175 

1670    176 

1688   180 

Oregon  coast.    1792 311 

Orellana,  F.  de 355, 359, 367, 429 

Orinoco  river.    1595? 374 

1596    375 

162-? 377 

1775 386 

valley.   1741 384 

Orpheus,_7Mwior.     5'^i?Vaughan,  W. 
Ortelius,  A 46,  72,  73,  75,  78, 79, 

80, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 100, 106, 
185, 225,  279,  282,322,  324, 359 

Ottens,  J 210 

Ottens,  R 210 

Ovalle,  A.  d' 462 

Oviedo,  F.  de 66, 250 

Oxford.    Bodleian  library 9, 

12, 51, 183,  253, 356 
Pacific  ocean. 
1518?  

1597  

1750  

1761  

1764  

1775  


1513 315 

316 

326 

334 

335 

335 

339 

1812-13 311 

Paiva,  C 25 

Palfrey,  J.  G 205,  210,  213 

Parana  river.   1630-35 452 

Pareto,  B 20 

Paris,  M 10 

Paris.    D6p6t  gSographique 23 

St.  Genevieve  library 11 

Parish,  Sir  W 455 

Parkman,  F 177, 228,  229,  231 

Party,  W.  E 140, 141, 142, 143 

Pasini,  G.  I, 8 

Pastoret,  Le  pilote no 

Patagonia.    1546 394 

1579-80 395 

1602 400, 401 

1621 404, 405 

1630 460 

1670 410 


Number 

Patagonia.    1783 417 

1S30 419 

Pauger,  —  de 238 

Pecciolen,  M.  N 284 

Peel  river.   1840 148 

Pellham,  E .      122 

Pennsylvania  archives 201 

historical  society  208 

Penny,  CapLW 149 

Perth  Amboy  harbor.    1733 224 

Peru.    1532? 456,457 


1597 

1601 

163 1 

1651 

1700  : 

171; 

1796 


458 
459 
461 
462 
463 
466 
472 


Peschel,  0 23,51,56, 100 

Petau,  D 100,  210, 287 

Petavius.    See  Petau,  D. 

Petermann,  A 100, 121 

Peyr^re.    See  I<a  Payrere,  I.  de. 

Phillipe  II 52,  252 

Phillips,  Sir  T 7,  I54. 253, 447>  448 

Phipps,  C.  J.,  2d  baron  Mulgrave.  135, 353 

Piedra,  J.  de  la 411 

Pigafetta,  F.  A 317, 393, 394 

Pilestrina,  S.  de 28 

Pinto,  F.  M 321 

Pinz6n,  M.  A 422 

Pisa.     Royal  university  library. ...        46 

Pitti  palace.     Florence 19 

Pizarro,  F 51,456 

Pizigani,  F 15 

Pizigani  brothers 15 

Plancius,  P 84, 193 

Play  fair,  J 10 

Pliny 324 

Plymouth  harbor.    Mass.    1606 197 

Polo,  M 29, 30, 40, 324 

Ponce  de  I,eon,  J    93 

Pond,  P 137 

Pontanus,  J.  1 118 

Poore  collection.    Boston 197,210 

Popelliniere.    See  I<a  Popelinifere, 
H.  ly-V.  de. 

Popple,  H 100, 221,  222, 223,  224, 23S 

Porcacchi,  T 63, 72, 95, 185, 279, 359 

Porro,  G 85, 95,  282 

Portioli,  A 41, 42 

Portugal.    Royal  archives 104 

Portuguese  chart.    1501-1505 26, 27 

map 107, 315 


•  navigators 7 

•  portolano.    1503 loi 


Praetorius,  J 

Premontr^  globe 

Prince  Regent's  inlet.    1824-25. . 


69 
37 
143 


Maps  Relating  to  America 


1^5 


Number 
Prince  Regent's  inlet.     iSsi-52....       150 

Prisciani 1 1 

Prouville   de    Tracj-.      See   Tracy, 

Marquis  A.  de  P.  de. 
Ptolemy,  C.  21,  26,  27,  28,29,30,31,32,33, 
37,  50-  52.  53.  54.  57,  58,  63- 
69,  78,  84,  85,  loi,  104,  105, 
106, 113,  114, 156, 163, 164,  iSo, 
181, 183, 194,  261,  262, 263,  264, 
276,  277,  279,  282,  314,  324, 
326,  342,  355,  358.365.371.431 

Purchas,  S 84, 

90,   100,  116,118,122,123,167, 
169,  202,  203,  284,  2S7,  36S,  398 

Quadra  island.     1 792 306 

Quadus,  M  84, 99, 194,  2S2 

Quaritch,  B 33,  276,  279 

Queen  Charlotte's  island.     1791...       305 

Queiros,  P.  F.  de 197,  284 

Quimper,  A 303 

Quir.     See  Queiros,  P.  F.  de. 

Quivira 325 

Raffei.K,  P 179,  iSo,  233 

Raleigh,  Sir  W So,  189,  374,  384 

RamiLsio,  G.  B 26,  27, 66, 

72,  104, 157, 159,  159a,  163,  181, 
183,  256,  279, 357,  427,  431,  432 

Raudin,  Sieui 213,  233 

Rea,  Dr.  J 149 

Reinel,  P 26,  27 

Reisch,  G 33,  78, 180,  225,  246,  276 

Relation,  The,  of  Maryland.    1635.       206 

Revue  de  geographic 22S 

Reynolds,  W.  M 208 

Rheims.     I,ibrary 17 

Ribero,  D 41, 42, 45. 47, 48, 

52,  1 86,  225,  24S,  249,  276,  393 

Riccardi  palace.     Florence 93, 181 

Rich,  O 84 

Richardson,  Sir  J  151 

Richter,  J.  P 31 

Ringrose,  B 370 

Rio  de  la  Plata.     1515 446 

1547 447, 448 


Number 

Robeval,  J.  F.,  Sieur  de 156 

Rochefoucault.     See  l,a  Rochefou- 
cauld, Due  de. 

Rodriguez,  M 436, 437 

Roger,  King  of  Sicily 9 

Rogers,  Capt.  W 269, 463, 464, 466 

Roggeveen,  A 177,  210,  22S 

Roman,  E 385 

Rome.     Biblioteca  Angelica 61 

Biblioteca  Vittorio  Emanuele        61 

Collegio  di  Propaganda.     Ar- 

chivio 41, 42, 61, 84 

Museo  Borgiano 16, 41, 42,  340 

Ross,  Sir  J 121,  140,  145 

Rotz,  J 55.  104. 

151,  181,  252,  277,319,373,424 

Royal  geographical  society 144, 145, 

147,  14S,  149, 150,  151,  272,  273, 
274,  275, 276, 387, 3S8, 389, 390, 
391,  392,  416,  420, 421, 446, 473 

Rudimeutoruni  novitiorum 21 

Ruge,  .S 16,  21,  32,  41,  42,  100,  354 

Rundall,  J.W 100 

Rundall,  T 100, 121 

Ruscelli,  G 36, 

69,  105,  106,  183,  279,  35S,  431 

Russia.     1613 352 

Ruysch,  J 28,  29,  30,  1 16,  180,  246 

Sabin,  J 66, 84,  224,  238 

Sagra,  R.  de  la 26,  27,  246 


1597 
i59"i 
1600 
165! 


449 
450 
451 
452 


1782 


"733  •..- 453,454 

414 

416 

446 

455 

'91 

202 


174^  ... 

Rio  Negro. 

1852  

Rio  Vermejo.     1826 

Roanoke  island.     1590 

1622  

Rol)ert.  See  Robert  de  Vaugondy,  G 
Robert  de  Vaugondy,  C, 


223 

197 


9 
6 

151 


219 
172 
'25 
173 
179 


224,  240,  292,  294, 339 


St.  Augustine  harbor.    Fla.    1733. 

St.  Croix  island.     1606 

St.  Denis,  Chronicle  of 

St.  John,  Apocalypse  of 

St.  John,  Convent  of.    Magdeburg 
St.  Lawrence,  Gulf  of.     1545 

1646  

1728  

St:.  Lawrence  river.      164 1  ? 

1646  

1663 

16S6  

St.    Martin.      See   Vi\-ien   de   St. 

Martin. 

St.  Mary's  college.     Montreal 227 

St.  Petersburg.     Academy 294 

St.  .Sever,  Mappemonde  of 6 

Sallust.     Sec  Sallustius  Crispus,  C. 

Sallustius  Crispus,  C 16 

Salvatierra,  J.  M 2$*.) 

Samana,  1S53 276 

bay.     Dominica.     1S53 276 

San  Diego,  Port.     17S2 300 

San  Francisco.     1777 2<y6 

San.son,   G 100,210 

.San.son,  N.,  d'AbbcTille 100, 

125,  172,  175,  210,  226,  235, 
2S7,  294,  378,  433, 437, 462 


i86 


KoJiI  Collection 


Number 

Santo  Croce,  Terra  de.     152S 372 

Santarem,  M.  F.  de  B.  e  S.  de  M. 
de  M.  I,,  e  C,  visconde  de. .  3, 4, 5, 6,  7, 8, 
9,  10,  II,  12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 
19,  20,  21,  23,  25,  26,  27,  2.8, 33, 
35,36,41,42,48,56,58,69,84, 
152,  245,  278, 321, 344,  394,  425 

Sanuto,  M 12,  116 

Sarmiento,  P 86,  395 

Saver,  R 289 

Sayle.  \V 211,212 

Scandinavia.     1534 341 

1546 344 

1567 345 

Schagen,  G.  a 210 

Schedel,  H 24 

Schenk,  P 210 

Schniidel,  U 366 

Schoener,  J 393 

Schoener's  globes .  34,  35, 180, 246,  276,  354 

Schomburgk,  Sir  R.  H 272,  276, 

390,391,392 

Schoolcraft,  H.  R 244 

Schouten,  W.  C 403, 407, 408 

Scoresby,  W 140,  141,  143 

Scutterius,  M 100 

Secreta  fidelium  crucis 12 

Seller,  J 210,213,218 

Senex,  J 100,  269, 463 

Serra,  J 296,301 

Serrao,  F 315 

Seutter,  M 210,289 

Schalaiirof , 335 

Shapley,  W 210 

Sharpe,  Capt.  B 370 

Shea,  J.  G 100, 

179, 210, 213, 227,  231,  235, 239 

Shelvocke,  G 289 

Shipp,  B 185 

Shirley,  (Jof.  W 240 

Sideri,  G 69 

Simon,  F 107, 192 

Sind,  Lieut.    See  Synd,  Lieut.  J. 

Sloane,  H 338 

Sloane  mss 43, 44, 180, 205,  276, 325 

Smith,  Capt.  F 131,  132,  133 

Smith,  Capt.  J 189, 

198,  204,  206,  207,  210,  214 

Smith  sound.     1852 151 

Sobreviela,  F.  M 443 

Soci^t6  de  gfiographie.     Paris 6. 

29,30,41,42,58,69,84 
Soci6t6    royale    des    sciences    de 

Nancy 61 

Soligo,  C 22 

Solinus,  C.  J 36,  276,  320 

Solis,  J.  D.  de 446 

Soria,  Dr.  P 455 

Soulard,  A 242 


Number 

Southack,  Capt.  C 224 

South  America.     1515 354,446 

1525 371 

1533 393 

1534 276 

1540? 355 

1542 373 

1545-49 355 

1547 358, 394 

155-? 358 

1550? 356, 357 

155S 429, 430 

1561  358 

1562 359 

157-? 360 

1574 361 

157S 394 

15S5? 362 

1590 396 

1592 363-364 

1593 365 

1599 366, 432 

1600 367,  399 

1610? 368 

1613 368 

1651 377 

1660 369 

1680-81 370 

1700? 411 

174S 414 

1751? 385 

1775 415 

South  Carolina.    1730 220 

Southey,  R 440 

Southwood,  H 224 

Spain.     Ministerio  defomento .  41,42,252 

Spanberg,  M.  P 295,  334 

Spangenberg.    See  Spanberg,  M.  P. 

Spanish  America.     1547 253,  254 

155S 257 

Spanish  archives 276, 283, 295 

maps 87, 180, 297 

Sparks,  J 228 

Speed,  J 90, 100,  203, 

207,  210,  213,  284,  286, 407 
Spierto,  Santo,  Bahia  del.     1675 . . .      228 

Spilbergen,  G 290, 402 

Spitsbergen.     1773 353 

Spitzer,  F 52 

Sprengel,  M.  C 41, 42 

Stabili.  F 10 

Staehlin,  J.  von 336 

Stephanius,  S  106,  346 

vStevens,  H 26,  27,  28,  29,  30, 33, 46, 47, 

55. 66,  72,  79,  loi,  248,  249,  250 

Stobnicza,  J 31, 33, 180,  246 

Strachey,  W 202 

Strutt,  J 5 

Superior,  Lake.     1670 176 


Maps  Relating  to  America 


187 


Number 

Superior,  Lake.    1671 176 

1748 292 

Surinam.    1694 3S0 

Sutil,  ship 283,  300, 302,  304, 308, 311 

Sweepstakes,  ship 409 

Sylva,  M.  de 253 

Sylvanus,  B 29, 30, 246 

Synd.  Lieut.  J 336 

Tabasco  river.    1844 275 

Talton,  G SS 

Tanner  inss 12 

Temistitan.     1545 277 

Ternaux  biblioth^ue 69 

Terror,  ship 147 

Texeira,  P 433 

Thelot,  T.  P 379 

Thevenot,  M 22S 

Thevet,  A 64.  73 

Thomas,  G 214 

Thomas,  G.  M 2S,  33 

Thomassy,  M.  J.  R....  66,69,231,237,238 

Thorldk.sson,  G 351 

Thorne,  R 39,  iSo,  276 

Thornton,  J 216 

Thornton ,  P 409 

Tiddeman,  M 224 

Tiele,  P.  A 210 

403 

407 

407 

407 

40.S 

410 


Tierra  del  P'uego.     1619. 
1630  


1644 
1646 
1666 
1670 


1714 412,413 

Tillemon.     See  Du  Tralage,  J.  N. 

Toreno,  M.  G.  de 38 

Torfseus,  T 346, 347, 351 

Torlacius.    See  Thorldksson,  G. 
Toronto.  Library  of  parliament.   179,228 

Torre,  N.  de  la 385 

Toscanelli,  P.  dal  P 21 

Tour,  Le  Blond  de  la 23S 

Tracy,  Marquis  A.  de  P.  de 174 

Tramesini,  M 64 

Treviso.    Biblioteca  comunale 5S 

Trithemus,  J 28 

Tross,  H 32, 165, 180, 197 

Tross  gores 180,  246,  276 

Trumbull,  J.  H 213 

Tschirikow,  Capt.  A 293,  294,  334 

Tsingrinus.     See  Isingrinus,  M. 

Turin.    Royal  library 8, 61 

Turin  atlas 276 

Turner,  P 139 

Ucayali  river.    Peru.     1790 443 

1814 444 

Ulloa,  F 277,  27S.  279 

Vlpius  globe 55,  181,  225,  277 


Number 

United  States.     Coast  Survey 276 

Department  of  state 294,  295,  305 

Universe.     550  A.  D.  Cosmas 3 

Uricoechea,  E  ■ .  ■  64,  78,  79, 82,  S3, 87, 89, 91 

Uruguay  river.    1630-35 452 

Usumasinta  river.    C.  A.    1S33....       273 

Vaca,  C.  de 425 

Vadianus,  J 36. 58 

Valdes,  G 30S 

Valentine,  D.  T 201 

Vallard,  X. . .   154, 181,  253, 358, 394, 426, 447 

Valsequa,  G.  de ig 

Vancouver,  G 13S,  30S,  31 1 

island.    1791  303 

1792 306,31: 

Vanderdonck,  A 209 

Van  Noort.     See  Noort,  O.  van. 

Varnhagen,  F.  A.  de 32, 33 

Vaughan,  R 100 

Vaughan,  W 168 

Veer,  G.  de 350 

Vega,  G.  de  la 237 

Velez  de  Escalante,  ,S 271 

Venezuela.    1730 3S3 

Venice.     Biblioteca  Marciana 11, 

17,  19,  21,56,61,64,69 

Musee  Correr 151 

Museo  civico 11,61 

Veranderie.     See  La  Varenne  de 

La  Verendrj-e,  P.  G. 
Verein  fiir  erdkunde.     Dresden...       61, 
276, 279 
Verein  fiir  erdkunde.     Leipzig....       276 

Verrazzano,  H 29,  30, 41, 

42, 43, 44, 154,  180,  1S5,  248,  276 

Vespucius,  A 26,  27,  32 

Victorii  Canon  Paschalis 7 

Viedma,  A 411,417 

Viedma,  F 411,417 

Viega.s,  G 151 

Villalotx>s,  L.  de 395 

Villarino,  15 411,416 

Villegagnon,  D.  de 358 

Vincent,  W 9,  21 

Vincenza 20 

Vinci,  L.  da  31,  246 

Virginia.    15S5 1S8 

1590 189,  190 


197 
203 
206 


1613  

1625  

1635  

1638 207 

165 1  207 

1676 210 

Viscaino,  S 2S3,  2S5 

Visconte,  P.,  di  Genova _  1 1 

Visscher,  C.  F 207 

Visscher,  N 100.  207,  210,  225,  369,  377 


1 88 


Kohl  Collection 


Number 

Visscher,  N.  J 2S6 

Visscher,  X.  I, 210 

Vi\-ien  de  St.  Martin,  L 5, 

6,9, 12, 14, 16, 17,  21,  23 

Vopellio,  C 66, 1S3,  225,  279 

Wager's  bay.    1747 132 

Walbeck,  J.  van 406 

W'alckenaer,  C.  A.,  Baron 28 

Waldseeniiiller,  M 32, 246, 371 

Wallace,  A.  R 446 

Wallis,  S 415 

Waters,  H.  F 205,  210,  214 

Wechel,  C 46 

Weddell,  Capt.  W 41S 

Weert,  S.  de 397, 398 

Weimar.     Biblioth^ue 17 

Grand-Ducal  library 38 

map 246 

Weise,  A.  J :o4, 106, 

151, 159, 181,  185, 188,  209,  247 

Wellington  channel.    1850-51 149 

Wells,  K 288 

West  Indies.     151 1 29,  30 

1651  267 

Wheeler,  J.  H 1S9 

White,  Gov.  J.     See  With.  J. 

Whitney,  J.  D 176 

Whittle,  J 140 

Whittle.sey,  C 224 

Wiener,  C 52 

Wieser,  F 31, 34, 35, 69,  74, 393, 44^ 

Wilson,  S 211,  212 

Winchell,  N.  H 179,  180,  231,  232,  237 

Winsor,  J 19, 

20,  23,  26,  27, 28,  29, 30,  31, 32, 
33,  34, 35, 36, 37,  38, 39,  4o,  41, 
42,  46, 47, 52, 53,  54, 55,  56, 58, 
59,  61, 62, 64, 65,  67, 69,  71,  72, 

78,  79, 85, 94, 95,  96, 97,  98, 99, 
100, 101, 104, 105, 106,  III,  113, 
118, 120, 122,  123, 125, 151, 152, 
154.  156, 157, 159, 160, 161, 163, 
164, 165,  167, 168, 169, 170,  172, 
173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 
iSo,  181,  183, 185, 186, 187, 188, 
1  193, 194,  197, 198, 199, 201, 202, 

203,  204,  205,  206,  207,  208,  2og, 
210,  213,  214,  216,  219,  220,  221, 
225,  227,  228,  229,  231,  232,  233, 
234,  236,  -47,  248,  249,  251,  252, 
253,  255,  256,  257,  260,  261,  262, 
264,  265,  276,  277,  279,  280,  2S1, 
282,  283,  284,  285,  286,  289,  314, 
315,  316,  325,  328,  354,  355,  357, 
359, 360, 362,  366,  371, 372, 393, 
394,  403,  414, 423, 429, 431, 432 

Winthrop,  Gov.  J 205 

Wit,  F.  de 175 

With,  J  ....  iSS,  189,  190,  igi,  204,  211,  212 


Number 

Witsen,  N loi 

Wolfe,  J 194,  282 

Wolfenbiittel 25 

Ducal  library 48,  61 

Wood,  W 205 

World.   Anglo-Saxon 5 

Arabian 5 

from  Egj'ptiau  papyrus i 

Hindu 2 

Horse-shoe  design 4 

lyOtus  flower  design 2 

550  A.  D.     Cosmas 3 

8th  century 4 

787  A.  D.    Spanish.  5 

9th  century 5 

loth  centurj' 5 

nth  century 6 

1008.     Fgyptian 6 

1030.    Egyptian 6 

1063 7 

12th  century 8, 9 

1160 9 

13th  century 10 

1283.     Arabian 11 

14th  century 11 

1306 12 

1311 II 

1318 II 

1320 12 

1321  12 

1350 13,14 

1360 12 

1373 15 

1375 16 

15th  century \i> 

1410 16 

1417 17 

1424 17 

1426 17 

1436 19 

'1439 19 

1447 19 

1448 19,  20 

1450 20 

1455 20 

1460 21 

1467-71     21 

1474 21 

1475 21 

1476 21 

1482 21 

i486 21 

1490.   Portuguese 23 

1492 23 

1493 24 

1497 25 

i6th  century 61 

1500 26,  27,  246 

1501-05 26,  27 


Maps  Relating  to  America 


189 


World.     150S. 
S10-12  . . 


ill 


Number 

2S 

2S 

2S 


511.     Cordiform  design 29,30 

512 31 

512-14 31 

514 32 

514-20 32 

515 33.354 

519 33 

520 34. 35, 36 

522 37 


524 

525 
526 
527 
528 


37 
37 
37 
38.39 
40 


529 41.42,393 

530 43. 44, 45 

531 46,393 

532 46 

534 48.  49 

534-50 276 

535    50 

536? 51 

536 52.  276 

538 52 

539 52 

540? 71.276 

540 52 

540-50 276 

541  53.54.276 

542 55 

544  277 

545 57.  277 

545-58 277 

548 58.181,355 


549---- 
55-?.-- 

550  ••  ■ 
550-53 

551  •■• 

552  .  • . 

553  ■  ■ 
555  ■  •  • 

559  • • • 

560  .. . 
562-66. 
.S63... 
564  . . . , 
567  ••  ■ 


Number 

World.     156S 69 

1569 71,  279, 359 

1570 359 

1572 72, 279, 359 

1573 72, 185 

1574 279 

1576 74. 279 

1578 75.  76,  77.  78,  280, 361 

1582 78 

1583 78 

15S7 79,  280,  362 

1589 So,  81, 82 

1592 83,193 

1595 84 

1596 84 

1597 85, 365 

159S 86,  2S2, 365 

1599 86 

1603 284 

1606 89,  284, 367 

1608 89 

1613 90.  368 


1620 
1623 
1626 

1635 
1637 


90 

91 
90 
368 
286 


1651 100, 368 

1659 

1662 

1663 


1744 


100 
69 

369 
100 
100 


Wright,  E 286 

Wuttke,  H.i.f'.J.  K.  H 51 

Wytfliet,  C 85,  87, 

113,  164,  194,  225,  261,  262, 
263,  264,  282, 365, 449,  458 

Xa\-ier,  Saint  F 321 

Ydres,  Y 329 

Yesso,  Terra  de.     1706 330 

Yik-tuug-che 313 

Young,  A 205 

Yucatan.     1601 265 

Zaltieri,  B 69, 94, 95,  185,  225,  259,  27,9 

Zeni  map 106,  114 

Ziegler,  J 102, 151 

Zimmerman,  E.  A.  W.  von 140 

Zorgdrager,  C.  G 1 27 

Zurla,  P 29, 30, 40 


o 


UC  SOUTHERN 


REGIONAL  LIBRARY  FAClLjTY 


Map 
Library 


A  A      000  067  328   5 


UCLA  MAP  LIBRARY 

University  of  California 

Reference 

1 

Series  9788 — A 

